Blockchain solutions to address challenges caused by COVID-19

Summary

本文是联合国全球专家Massimo Pica Rella关于区块链解决方案在应对COVID-19挑战中的应用的演讲稿。Massimo是区块链、加密货币、金融科技领域的专家，目前专注于为政府和公司提供COVID-19问题的区块链解决方案。演讲涉及政府在疫情期间的行为、健康变量监控、无症状病例、隔离措施、测试和疫苗开发等关键议题。同时，探讨了区块链技术在追踪医疗物资供应链、管理医疗数据、接触者追踪以及保险索赔处理等方面的应用，强调了技术在组织和透明度提升中的作用，以及在尊重隐私规则的前提下，通过智能合约和数据共享提高效率和公众信任。

Takeaways

• 🌐 区块链技术在COVID-19挑战中提供了多种解决方案，包括医疗物资供应链追踪、医疗数据管理、接触者追踪、保险索赔处理等。
• 👤 演讲者Massimo是联合国全球专家，专注于区块链、加密货币、金融科技等领域，目前致力于研究区块链在解决COVID-19问题中的应用。
• 📈 COVID-19对全球经济产生了重大影响，包括GDP增长的显著下降和工业生产的影响。
• 😷 政府在COVID-19大流行期间的行为有相似之处，包括延迟响应、信息共享的犹豫不决以及官方统计数据的不可靠。
• 🏥 医疗健康变量的监测对于延缓可能的第二波疫情至关重要，包括识别无症状病例、自我隔离、强制隔离、检测和疫苗开发。
• 🛑 封锁措施和社会距离政策对于控制疫情至关重要，但过早解除这些措施可能会导致病毒的再次爆发。
• 🔒 区块链技术可以提高透明度和信任，特别是在捐赠追踪和医疗物资供应链管理方面。
• 💼 经济研究表明，在历史上的大型流感大流行之后，采取早期和广泛的非药物干预措施的城市在中长期内并没有遭受不利的经济影响。
• 🌍 世界各地的组织和公司正在开发和实施各种区块链应用，以应对COVID-19带来的挑战。
• 🔑 个人行为对于控制COVID-19的传播至关重要，技术只有在人们遵守社会距离措施和政府指导时才有效。
• 🚫 强调了隐私和数据保护的重要性，特别是在开发和使用接触者追踪应用程序时。

Q & A

马西莫是联合国的哪方面全球专家？

马西莫是联合国在区块链、加密货币、金融科技、绿色科技和RAG科技方面的全球专家。

马西莫目前专注于哪个领域的区块链解决方案？

马西莫目前专注于利用区块链技术解决COVID-19问题，为政府和公司提供解决方案。

马西莫在金融科技和国际金融领域的职业背景是什么？

马西莫曾作为高级欧洲副行长在伦敦金融城工作，被评为顶级银行家之一。

马西莫提供哪些咨询服务？

马西莫为国际组织提供咨询服务，专注于区块链问题，涉及供应链、清洁能源和COVID-19相关的加密货币及其他相关问题。

马西莫在哪些国际会议上担任过主题演讲者？

马西莫在伦敦、巴黎、迪拜等地的区块链峰会上担任过主题演讲者，特别是在供应链和区块链领域。

为什么说对COVID-19的理解和应对措施存在问题？

因为许多讨论表明，人们对大流行本身并没有清晰的理解，尤其是在主要挑战、健康问题以及如何推迟潜在的第二波疫情方面。

政府在COVID-19大流行期间的哪些行为被认为是问题？

政府和普通民众没有立即拉响警报，对即将到来的危险没有感知；有时不愿意分享信息；官方统计数据不可靠，尤其是在养老院的死亡病例方面。

为什么需要关注无症状COVID-19病例？

据估计，80%的COVID-19患者是轻症或无症状的，这意味着他们可能不会表现出病毒感染的迹象，但却能够传染给他人。

为什么说过早解除社交距离措施可能导致第二波疫情？

因为如果感染个体不进行自我隔离，那么任何重要的措施都是无效的。技术如果没有人们的参与，就无法发挥作用。

区块链在COVID-19解决方案中有哪些主要应用？

区块链技术在COVID-19解决方案中的主要应用包括追踪医疗物资供应链、管理医疗数据、接触者追踪以及保险索赔处理。

为什么说区块链技术在供应链管理中非常重要？

区块链技术能够确保供应链的透明度和追踪性，帮助政府及时有效地干预，确保关键医疗物资能够到达最需要的地方。

为什么说个人行为对于控制COVID-19的传播至关重要？

因为即使有了技术手段，如果人们不遵守社交距离措施，不进行自我隔离，那么控制疫情的措施将无法有效执行，病毒的传播速度将难以减慢。

为什么说经济在长期内不会因严格的封锁措施而受损？

研究表明，采取严格封锁措施的城市在长期内并没有遭受经济上的不利影响，反而在经济和健康方面表现更好。

为什么需要区块链技术来交换疫苗开发信息？

区块链技术可以提供一个安全、透明的平台，使得医疗中心和疫苗制造商能够交换关于疫苗开发的信息，从而加速疫苗的研发和分发。

为什么说捐赠追踪对于提高公众信任至关重要？

捐赠追踪可以确保捐赠的物资和资金被正确使用，提高公众对慈善组织和政府机构的信任，特别是在处理COVID-19这样的公共卫生危机时。

为什么说区块链技术在处理保险索赔时可以减少感染风险？

区块链技术可以自动化处理交易，减少面对面接触的需求，从而降低感染风险，同时提高处理索赔的效率和透明度。

Outlines

00:00

😀 个人介绍与区块链技术应用

Massimo Pica Rella，联合国全球专家，专注于区块链、加密货币、金融科技和绿色科技。目前，他致力于利用区块链技术解决COVID-19问题，为政府和公司提供解决方案。他曾是伦敦顶尖银行家，精通意大利语、英语和葡萄牙语，并在欧洲、中国、美国和南美居住过。他还提供国际咨询、大学专业金融科技和国际金融课程，并在多个国际会议上发表主题演讲。

05:03

🌐 COVID-19挑战与政府应对

讨论了COVID-19大流行期间政府行为的主要特点，包括政府和公众对威胁的感知延迟、信息共享的犹豫以及官方统计数据的不可靠性。强调了监控健康变量以避免第二波疫情的重要性，如身份验证、无症状病例、自我隔离、强制隔离、检测和疫苗开发。还提到了过早解除物理距离措施可能导致的第二波疫情风险。

10:06

📊 COVID-19的传播动态与无症状病例

解释了COVID-19的传播动态，包括暴露、感染、潜伏期和临床疾病阶段。强调了无症状病例在传播中的重要性，因为80%的COVID-19患者可能没有症状，但仍然能够传播病毒。讨论了社交距离措施的影响，如关闭教育机构和工作场所，以及这些措施可能导致病毒传播的减少和卫生系统能力的提升。

15:10

🛑 社交距离措施的风险与重要性

讨论了社交距离措施的风险，特别是在第一阶段结束后，政府面临解除这些措施以减轻经济影响的压力。强调了减少传播时间的重要性，以及针对老年人和有基础疾病的人的有针对性的社交距离措施。还提到了医疗基础设施的支持，如增加重症监护床位和保护医护人员免受感染。

20:11

🔬 测试、疫苗和经济影响

强调了广泛测试、接触者追踪和人口行为对控制COVID-19传播的重要性，这些措施比全面封锁具有更小的社会和经济影响。提到了疫苗开发的重要性，以及区块链在交换不同国家测试信息中的作用。还讨论了COVID-19后经济增长的研究，以及早期实施和解除封锁措施对经济和健康的影响。

25:12

🔒 区块链技术在COVID-19解决方案中的应用

介绍了区块链技术在COVID-19解决方案中的四个主要应用领域：医疗物资供应链和捐赠跟踪、医疗数据管理、接触者追踪以及保险索赔处理。特别提到了Max Lock Matlock生态系统，它提供了实时的COVID-19信息，并在政府机构中尊重隐私规则。

30:12

🤝 国际合作与疫苗开发

讨论了疫苗开发的国际合作重要性，包括第三阶段试验的位置选择和大规模生产疫苗的公司。强调了区块链在交换医疗中心和疫苗制造商之间关于疫苗开发信息的作用。

35:16

💼 经济影响与封锁措施

分析了1918年流感大流行对美国经济的影响，并比较了实施早期和广泛非药物干预措施的城市与早期解除封锁措施的城市之间的经济表现。强调了严格和广泛的封锁措施在经济和健康方面的好处。

40:17

📈 区块链解决方案的具体应用案例

详细介绍了区块链解决方案在COVID-19中的应用案例，包括医疗物资供应链跟踪、捐赠跟踪、医疗数据管理、接触者追踪和保险索赔处理。特别提到了中国的支付宝、美国的IBM、Rapido Medical Parts和Remedy等公司的具体应用。

45:17

🏥 医疗数据管理和接触者追踪

讨论了医疗数据管理的重要性，以及区块链如何确保健康记录的安全和互操作性。提到了中国西北部山西省开发的在线医疗咨询和筛查系统，以及全球健康组织、IBM、甲骨文和微软等合作伙伴创建的MePasa数据共享平台。

50:18

👥 个人数据保护与隐私规则

强调了在开发和使用接触者追踪应用时，遵守GDPR等隐私保护规则的重要性。提到了欧洲的泛欧洲隐私保护接触者追踪联盟，以及美国雇主关注的接触者追踪应用和保险索赔处理平台。

55:19

🌟 区块链技术的重要性和未来展望

总结了区块链技术在应对COVID-19问题中的重要性，并强调了人们行为的重要性以及技术的有效性。提到了捐赠跟踪和供应链跟踪的重要性，以及如何通过区块链技术确保资金和物资的正确使用。最后，对未来的疫苗开发和应对下一波疫情的准备提出了希望。

Keywords

💡区块链

区块链是一种分布式账本技术，它允许多个参与者共同维护一个持续增长的数据记录列表。在视频中，区块链技术被强调为解决COVID-19挑战的关键技术之一，用于追踪医疗物资供应链、管理医疗数据、接触者追踪以及保险索赔处理等方面。例如，IBM推出了IBM Rapid Supplier Connect网络，旨在利用区块链技术帮助美国和加拿大的医疗保健和政府部门找到所需的供应品。

💡COVID-19

COVID-19是由SARS-CoV-2病毒引起的传染病，也称为冠状病毒病2019。视频中讨论了COVID-19对全球健康和经济的影响，并探讨了如何利用区块链技术来应对这一大流行病带来的挑战。例如，提到了使用区块链技术进行接触者追踪，以帮助控制病毒的传播。

💡供应链

供应链是指从原材料获取到产品最终用户手中的整个流程。在COVID-19大流行期间，供应链管理变得尤为重要，因为医疗物资需求激增。视频中提到了区块链在确保医疗物资供应链透明度和效率方面的应用，如中国的支付宝公司与当地卫生委员会合作，使用区块链技术追踪医疗物资的分配和物流。

💡接触者追踪

接触者追踪是一种公共卫生措施，用于识别和追踪与感染者有过密切接触的人，以便进行隔离和检测。视频中提到了多个国家和地区使用区块链技术进行接触者追踪的应用程序，如欧洲的泛欧洲隐私保护近距离追踪联盟，以及中国的Shanghu Bao平台。

💡保险索赔

保险索赔是指保险持有人向保险公司提出赔偿请求的过程。在COVID-19大流行期间，保险索赔处理变得复杂。视频中提到了区块链技术如何帮助简化保险索赔流程，减少面对面接触的风险，例如中国的相互宝平台，它允许用户以较低的成本参与健康计划，并在感染COVID-19时提交索赔。

💡医疗数据管理

医疗数据管理涉及收集、存储、共享和保护医疗信息。视频中提到了区块链技术在安全地管理医疗数据方面的应用，如中国西北部的山西省开发的在线医疗咨询和筛查系统，该系统使用区块链技术安全地管理健康记录，并确保互操作性。

💡捐赠追踪

捐赠追踪是指追踪捐赠物资从捐赠者到接收者的整个过程。在视频中，提到了中国的一些慈善组织在COVID-19疫情期间因物资分配不当而受到质疑，而区块链技术的应用可以提高捐赠物资分配的透明度和信任度，如中国的Hepalink公司开发的捐赠追踪平台。

💡智能合约

智能合约是一种运行在区块链上的程序，能够在满足预设条件时自动执行合约条款。视频中提到了智能合约在供应链管理中的应用，如IBM的供应链解决方案中使用智能合约来自动执行交易，确保医疗物资的及时供应。

💡隐私保护

隐私保护是指采取措施保护个人数据不被未经授权的访问、使用或泄露。视频中特别强调了在开发和使用区块链技术时，需要遵守GDPR等隐私保护法规，如欧洲的泛欧洲隐私保护近距离追踪联盟开发的应用程序，旨在符合GDPR的同时进行有效的接触者追踪。

💡经济影响

经济影响是指某一事件或政策对经济活动和经济指标产生的影响。视频中讨论了COVID-19大流行对全球经济的影响，并指出通过采取严格的封锁措施，一些地区在经济上表现得更好，如意大利的威尼托地区通过广泛的测试和封锁措施，经济和健康表现都优于邻近的伦巴第地区。

Highlights

Massimo是联合国全球专家，专注于区块链解决方案以应对COVID-19挑战。

Massimo曾是伦敦顶尖银行家，精通意大利语、英语和葡萄牙语。

演讲将探讨COVID-19的主要问题和挑战，以及区块链技术如何提供解决方案。

政府在COVID-19大流行期间的行为具有全球普遍性，包括信息共享的犹豫不决。

官方统计数据不可靠，特别是在计算养老院死亡人数时。

为避免第二波疫情，需要监测的关键健康变量包括无症状病例数。

区块链技术可用于监测无症状人群，帮助控制COVID-19的传播。

社会隔离措施可能导致病毒传播的短期减缓，但也存在解除后病毒复发的风险。

技术在没有人们参与的情况下无法有效工作，个人行为对于控制疫情至关重要。

广泛的测试、接触追踪和人群行为是控制COVID-19传播的重要措施。

区块链技术有助于在不同国家之间交换有关测试的信息。

疫苗的开发和分发是控制疫情的关键，但需要国际合作和透明度。

经济分析表明，实施严格封锁措施的城市在经济上表现更好。

区块链解决方案在COVID-19爆发中的主要应用包括医疗物资追踪、医疗数据管理等。

Matlock是一个区块链生态系统，提供实时COVID-19信息给政府机构。

区块链技术在捐赠跟踪中非常重要，以确保捐赠物资到达需要的人手中。

智能合约和区块链可以提高医疗供应链的透明度和效率。

隐私保护是设计和实施区块链解决方案时必须考虑的重要因素。

区块链技术可以帮助政府和企业应对COVID-19带来的挑战，但需要人们的参与和正确行为。

Transcripts

[Music]

good morning everybody actually good

afternoon this is Massimo born normal

United Nation global expert in

blockchain cryptocurrencies FinTech

blockchain solutions to copy 19

challenges let's do this presentation

about this city shoes Libya talking

about myself first this is me I am a

United Nation global expert in blocking

cryptocurrencies

FinTech Green Tech and rag tech but

nowadays I'm currently focusing on

blockchain solutions to covet 19

problems for governments and companies

this is an issue that is very important

it's been there are lots of talks about

that and we're gonna focus on the main

issues I am also international

consultant on blockchain issues I am a

university professional FinTech and

international finance in the past I

worked as a senior European deputy bank

annalisa

I was one of the top-rated bankers in

the City of London I'm fluent in Italian

English and Portuguese I lived in Europe

China USA in South America now I focus

my consulting services for international

organizations and copyrights on

blockchain issues related to supply

clean and covet 19 cryptocurrencies and

any other related issue I also give

volleyball training sessions on I want

to many bases for clients and also

limited space support webinars where

combinations are solved and I deal with

as many specific issues as possible

you can see

national conferences where I was a

keynote speaker Landa blockchain summit

in London in Paris in Dubai in London

again on supply chain and blocked

specifically so I have a little bit of

experience about the applications of

blockchain to several sectors but now

this is a summary of the presentation

that I'm gonna make and also I wanna get

you you through the main topics of covet

90 because there there has been a lot of

discussions nowadays on what the

pandemic is but I don't really believe

that there is a clear understanding of

the the problems the main challenges the

health Bibles that have to be monitored

to delay a potential second wave the

second way which is the the most

important issue especially for for

Europe why in some United States in

Brazil we are still unfortunately in the

first way where all we are ending in the

first wave probably in United States

there is a different issue that I anger

I deal with the economic growth after

comedy 19 that is very important issue

and also then we're gonna get to

blocking solutions for comedy 19

outbreak and we're gonna go through

several use cases and we're gonna see

there are several use cases around and

several applications blocking

applications to covenant in challenges

hopefully at the end of this long

discussion I hope to have some questions

from you guys that can give you an idea

of if you've got a full understanding

order problem now the

cloned on covet 19 pandemic now there

are some issues that have to be

considered when we talk about copy 19

pandemic first of all the main features

of government behavior during

covenanting pandemics because the

problem is that whenever we look at how

the government's and reacted to the

Covenant in pandemic we can we can see

that the behavior is has been

practically embraced similar across the

range all around the world first of all

we have seen government offices and even

the general population who did not

immediately sound the alarm

they didn't perceive that there was a

danger coming to them first of all it

happened in China that Europe the United

States South America this is a serious

problem second thing is the garments

we're sometimes reluctant to share

information which we've seen in news of

today that even the World Health

Organization is debating this thing

sharing information and there has been a

serious issue because of course many

organizations have been reluctant to say

what happened in their own countries

many governments have done that and the

sharing of information and it has been a

problem not only with international

health community but also with their own

people then another very serious problem

is the official statistics the Fischer

statistics are unreliable official

statistics of those infected of the

those who died poisons there is a big

debate about the deaths

at the nursing homes because the test

most of times the test for coffee 19

didn't take into consideration the

deaths at nursing homes and therefore

they have been some recalculations

forces in the United Kingdom about the

number of deaths taking into

consideration the deaths at the nursing

homes and also the impact the economic

impact we're gonna go through this the

economic impact is being a severe

reduction of the annual real GDP growth

the total sales of goods and services of

the industrial production for the

country is affected by the epidemic so

in fact what are the main health

variables to be monitored now to avoid

to delay the potential second wave

because the problem is that the the

second wave in pandemics is something

very frequent and the behavior of the

population of the governments is

essential to delay as much as they can

the second way what Bibles we have to

look at and what application black liner

applications can be used for these

Bibles first of all we have to look at

the identity the moves and the number of

asymptomatic cases of carbon 19 as in

tamati cases so we're gonna see it it's

a very important variable because these

people without symptoms but they are

able to infect other people then another

important issue is self isolation or

mandated quarantine and then we're gonna

see the testing for coverage 19 and the

vaccine now the recommendation is that

the

the physical distancing measures should

not being prematurely lifted this is a

serious issue because many countries are

trying to do that and therefore and

therefore they the countries that if

they they prematurely lift their fiscal

distancing measures that could lead to

early secondary peak this is a statement

that was made by a top doctor from the

London School of EVM talk about

medicines and there are examples we're

gonna see them Japan Singapore even

South Korea

these examples show us that the

premature lifting of such additional

measures might be a danger now to

understand the problem we have to

understand what covered 19 is in how it

develops if we look at this table can

understand that as we see there is a

period between the exposure and the

transmission exposure is whenever a

person gets the virus starts a lot and

period that means that we got the bio

seen but we don't know it until there is

infection the person is exposed to the

virus is including debating the virus

but is doesn't have a sign of the virus

when is impacted he still doesn't show

that the virus is present until when

there is a clinical disease and then

when it starts a clinical disease there

is a potential of transmission of the

virus

and again the incubation period and so

forth that happens for all other people

so as you can see the dynamics of the

carbon 19 are very important for us to

understand how this problem is

developing now let's start with the

automatic cases this is a very important

statistics it's been shown and is

according to estimates eighty percent of

the people with cavity 19 and mild or

asymptomatic disease that means 80

percent of the people might not even

show that they got the virus then 14

percent have severe disease and only 66

percent are critically ill so this what

does this mean does mean that means that

a symptom based control these are likely

to be sufficient for the control of the

spread of kovat 19 because if we can

track only the people that are

symptomatic we're talking about only 20%

of the people that are exposed to the

virus while the other 80% is not

considered that's why they may put a

great potential desire as intimate

asymptomatic cases or spreading the

virus around that's why we have to focus

on the asymptomatic cases as well and

use of blocking applications to monitor

the situation of asymptomatic people is

very important that is why we're gonna

see that in a minute when whenever there

is a there are discussions about

automatic cases people focus on the

blockchain application to monitor the

situation or asymptomatic people now

the problem is also the measures the

social distancing measures that are

being taken because Kenley speaking the

government's have taken broader scale

social distancing measures now with the

exception of some countries like Brazil

most of the countries have taken broader

scale social distancing measures what

are they they are stopping mass

gatherings closure of educational

institutes or even places of work and

isolation of households towns and cities

that has taken place first in hooha

then in cadonia in italy and then all

around the world what does a social

distancing measure do they measure all

of them all together cause a flattening

of the epidemic curve the epidemic curve

flattens and therefore there is more

time for the health services which cases

increase capacity because government's

focus mostly on this issue

have time to strengthen the health

system and increase capacity which means

also masks ventilators we're gonna see

that and these are most important issues

but there is a problem with that what

what is the problem the problem is the

risk of resurgence of the virus

whenever containment measures are lifted

to mitigate their economic impact

because in what is called phase one

everybody pushes these social distancing

measures and then the governments are

under pressure to lift these measures

and therefore there are some containment

measures be lifted and the risk of

resurgence of the virus coming right

away now what what happens is that there

is a shortening of the time with these

measures there is a shortening of the

time from symptom onset to isolation

that is vital because whenever they as

we've seen in this relationship between

time periods whenever there is a

reduction of transmission that is likely

to slow down the spread of the epidemic

so the Health Organization's and the

government's focus on reduce the

transmission and therefore they use

targeted social distancing measures

especially for older people in people

with underlying comorbidities these are

the people at risk more than are any

other category of people and therefore

they must be taken into consideration

first therefore

there is enhanced support for healthcare

infrastructure like for example in

increasing intensive care beds and

effective procedures for protecting

staff from infection because the problem

is that not only the older people the

people with the communities that can get

the virus but even the people the

medical the people that work in

healthcare in organizations the doctors

they are effectively exposed to the by

infection and there is a need to use

blocking applications to monitor these

processes so the effectiveness of social

distancing measures depends on whether

infected individuals will self isolate

because if the infected people

especially as Intermatic people do not

self isolate whenever we use any

important measure that is useless

technology as you can see is not have

any help

if there is no participation from the

people they are essential for that so

how quickly symptomatic individuals take

to isolate themselves is essential

because if people will be looking for

medical advice by a remote unless

symptoms are severe that exposes the

doctors for instance much less that if

they go into the emergency room right

away and they in fact everybody so

that's why it's so important the

individual behavior is crucial to

control the spread of copy 90 and there

is a use of blocking application to

monitor this process

but there's also an importance of the

testing because now while now it is

essential to do a why spectra testing

contact tracing and population behavior

these three Bibles are the most

important measures with less disruptive

social and economic impact than a total

lockdown because they can meaningfully

control the spread of coverage 19 we've

seen in the world that Hong Kong in

Taiwan for example have been very

effective in use a widespread testing in

Hong Kong the effective reproductive

number what is called r0 the average

number of people each individual with

the virus is likely to in fact at any

given moment as we mean that

approximately one in eight weeks since

early February to end of March so this

number is the most important number that

all governments are looking as we've

seen in the relationship between time

periods if it's below one or

approximately one is acceptable for

government then again they use a

blockchain to exchange information about

tests in different countries that is

essential but also it is essential the

vaccine but unfortunately any

active antiviral drug is unlikely to be

available soon they are too many issues

at stake first of all where Phase three

trials will be done where because look

the right location is essential because

it's where there is an ongoing

transmission of the disease so the phase

three trial is the last trial that is

done before the vaccine can be used and

that is there has to be used where there

is an ongoing transmission of the

disease and also who will manufacture

the vaccine at scale because companies

which are developing vaccine candidates

should cooperate among themselves we've

seen in France for instance there is a

there was there were some discussions

about a large French company that was

saying that they were giving some

preference to US cities I can't United

States because they put more money and

then they went back on that but

blockchain is useful to exchange

information between medical centers and

vaccine manufacturers about boxing

developments now let's look at a one

thing which is very important the

economic growth after copy 19 because a

study of the economic impact of the

largest influenza pandemic in United

States history

we crease the 1918 flu Spanish pandemic

which lasted between from January 1918

to December 1920

even spread worldwide shows that a very

interesting thing the lattice pandemic

in history in recently in the u.s. is

shown there was a study done by sergio

kuvira Stephen Stephen Locke amyl burner

that they analyzed the cities in the

United States I divided the cities

between two categories the cities that

implemented early and extensive

non-pharmaceutical interventions the

lockdown

and the cities where there was early

lifting of lockdown measures now it is

interesting to notice the the first

categories of the cities the one that

implemented extensive locked up measures

suffered no adverse economic effects

over the medium term so in in practical

terms they did better in economic terms

then the cities that either early lock

down early lifting of lockdown measures

so they had a better economic

performance and less death so the first

category of cities experienced a

relative increase in real economic

activity after the pandemic subsides

compared with the second category of

cities in addition to a much lower

number of deaths so it's much better

from the economic point of view in

addition to a health point of view to

have serious and extensive

non-pharmaceutical interventions

lockdown measures then to have early

lifting or lockdown measures and if we

see that this graph there are three

pandemic waves they happened in nineteen

a

in the period between 1918 and 1919

United Kingdom and we can see that the

first wave was small but the second way

was terrible was huge and then there was

a third wave that's why we have to be

very careful not to increase their

number of deaths with the early lifting

of lockdown measures and now we go to

blocking solutions for cover 19 outbreak

that is essential which are these

solutions blockchain solutions are four

main categories the solutions aiming at

tracking medical material supply chain

and donation tracking at managing

medical data contact tracing I ability

to find people who have been in close

close proximity to an infected

individual and insurance claims

processing now we're gonna see lots of

apps and lots of application

applications but we're gonna focus on

some specific ones because there are

many though the first one I'm gonna see

is an interesting one because it's not

an application but it's an ecosystem and

it's called max lock Matlock is an

interesting application because first of

all meth lock is a drawn collaboration

between a dubai-based of anta's

technology accelerator and Maximo and is

a monitoring control and communication

ecosystem you can see it from the graph

it's in ecosystem is enough to provide

real-time coverage 19 inside two

government agencies provides two inside

government agencies in all the three

phases of the pandemics the first phase

as we know is the response phase

whenever there is a tracking supply

chain for medical drugs food or other

critical supplies or coordinating

welfare activities syntactic donations

and managing medical data second phase

the recovery phase is whenever we have

issuing of each certificates to citizens

about their copy 19 status if they

request it so they this up issues

certificates to citizens wherever they

is a consent and that's very important

because medical professionals can attest

to a Medlock users status whom they've

tested vaccinated or single cover so in

that case you can see that a user as a

sort of certificate can use it anywhere

or collecting data to enforce smart

lockdown strategies this is another app

within this ecosystem and then there is

a there are some apps fodder for the

third phase which is preparation for the

next wave of covered 19 and these apps

focus on three main issues helping law

enforcement and border control

authorities advising media and citizens

a bar with authentic information and

improving insurance claim processing so

matlock the main peak of mass lock is

that provides Khalid 19 information to

government entities within the respect

of privacy rules privacy rules are very

important but also

Madlock

has attackable exchange of data between

players for a smooth supply chain

operations because the issue of supply

chain as you can see is very important

and you have to keep track of the

exchange of data and that is being down

we mess lock also donors can see more

clearly where their funds are going

because the in chef dollars a is gonna

see later on is a big issue especially

for China and therefore you need an

application that tells you where the

money is going also Medlocke minimizes

administrative costs to automation

provides more accountability and public

trust and then there are some some AI

artificial intelligence based analytics

and smart contracts with facility the

coordination mechanism for welfare

activities linked to the recovery phase

because as we all know the government's

whenever they are in the recovery phase

they're frantic to to use measures and

sometimes they are not coordinated and

these are helps then helps the

government's to coordinate whatever they

are doing so this is the first

application actually the ecosystem and

this is the most interesting ecosystem

around for or I say blocking solution

because 90 not break and then there are

some others there's a blocking army a

Turkish blockchain company they created

a contact tracing app called BCA ID and

then there is a there are some others up

application now blockly Namie

has got this application this conduct

raising up that once is downloaded by

the users the user has got to sign up

and answer a questionnaire tracking his

health conditions and whether he might

have come across any coronavirus

effective patient now then if needed the

patient of course if he's got in touch

with the carnival's impacted patient and

if that is needed of course he can book

an appointment by the app to test the

corner virus and specific app functions

locates the test center where to do the

tests and also la allows to scanning the

tests so this app is very good it not

only tweezing the people that are

impacted but also cooking for the tests

and also to locate where to do the tests

then there is another company a Canadian

company that's called the Vita hub

copper that is they announced in April

the first deployment of a blockchain

base coven a virus screaming up called

the up dolls it does it helps to screen

residents for common coverage 19

symptoms so if you have the Covenant in

symptoms does it does the screening of

that now there are some applications

that we have to focus on specifically

for supply chain supply chain is one of

the most important area or blocking for

Blokland application for cover 19

and as we've seen it in the past there

were everywhere in the world critical

supplies critical issues of supply for

health systems

first of all P P and E personal

protective equipment cover 19 test kits

ventilators so all these things were

important and therefore there was an

issue of supply chain what was the issue

was aiming immediate third in demand and

the shortage of supply there was a

mismatch between demand and supply

manufacturing there were also some

medical technician protectionist

measures which is united you export

certification was required from medical

protective equipment so in fact as the

you could users couldn't explore their

day staff the medical staff aboard

because they are there to get a export

certification for me

EU and then requires 10 day lays which

probably leads to a drop in expects

ports and also some other countries

adopting the protectionist measures so

what are the blocking applications for

coverage 19 now these applications let's

start from we gonna go all around the

world but we start with China we get a

leap e Alipay is yield company in China

they together with the same young

Provincial Health Commission and the

Department of Economics and Information

Technology alipin launched the block

team based platform that allows users to

track demanded supply chains and

logistics of medical supply so

oh they suck the money supply or medical

supplies that means that the open

blocking network enables users to track

the allocation of resources and insures

the dead emissions

quick waste needed that is very

important because most of the times

there is a mismanagement of the

donations with this application

donations go whether they are needed

there is a the immutable eco system also

recalls any mishandling of supplies

because that has been the biggest

concern the mishandling of spies now we

go to United States we get the IBM as we

all know iBM is launching IBM rapid

supplier connect network which is

designed to provide support for supplier

identity using blockchain technology so

they provide supply support for supplier

in identity and the IBM network aims to

ensure aims to help enable buyers in the

United States and Canada mainly the

healthcare and government sectors

including hospitals state procurement

divisions pharmacies the state local

governments to find supplies and

services so if there is a corner in

mismatch of demand supply for these

categories government sectors hospitals

pharmacies IBM intervenes with this

network a finds a match between supplies

and edema and also knocked well health

the largest healthcare provider in the

state New York State and the worldwide

supply chain Federation are two

organizations that have grown the

network so far so as you can see iBM has

got a supply chain tracking solution but

still in the United States we have

another

in situation with his call them rapido

rapido medical parts this is a very new

company is his tunneling company

actually because they work on a device

called the EVs for that converts CP AP

machines typically you are used to treat

sleep apnea

into ventilators to treat covering 19

patients this company was quitting in

March 20 20 he's based on a block train

powered platform for buying and selling

faceball 3d printed parts and was

awarded by the government of defense a

contract in only 12 days this is amazing

only 12 days but there is a big but they

are still waiting on approval from the

Food and Drug Administration before they

can stop with using the device by

mid-may 2020 which means approximately

now they are really waiting from the FDA

to give them an answer but also in the

universities who have another company

North carolina-based

remedy it is a healthcare boxing company

and that is implementing a problem a

blocked supply chain tracking solution

is implementing a problem to improve

supply chain monitoring and quality

control while providing data for more

targeted inventory the aim is to improve

access to medications by better tracking

their movement on the blockchain later

in the past remedy created a blocking

base program with the country of

Mongolia World Bank the unofficial

to eradicate hepatitis C and track the

movements of medications from

manufacturers all the way to patients so

we can see the blockchain

is really essential in the case of

supply chain but then we come to another

another category which is donation

tracking which is quite close to supply

chain in a sense that donation is a

mechanism but the mission you don't pay

for the for the staff wire in supply

chain P basically there is a huge trust

issue

it's example is that given by China

because then we the people's confidence

in some state back to charities

organizations who was severely damaged

in the past why because there are all

I'm some videos of donated supplies

being taken by non personnel and

non-medical personnel in China so these

people really didn't really need it but

they got it all so there was a 6 1/2

quake in 2008 in China and the kind of

Red Cross got a very questionable

reputation because there were some

scandals linked to mismanagement of

donations but also recently with a

common 19 outbreak the Red Cross Society

of Hebei had some mismanagement and they

even stated they were deeply distressed

they blame themselves and even felt

guilty about problems who were with the

distribution of donated materials so the

donation tracking it

is calm production company the most

important directional tracking doctrine

company in China is Heep school the

Hippocrene is a hanzou base blockchain

start-up hepa tree and they developed

with china show group a deletion tucking

plot one called shenzhen now some song

is calling to sing because trucks what

kind of donations are given for money

and masks to medical materials how

they've been mac to heirs of needs and

when they're being delivered so they it

tracks what how and when the stuff goes

through the need the people who need it

so donors who can actually see where the

funds are most urgently needed therefore

track the donations until they are

provided with a verification that their

donations and we received so shan some

current grantees wired buckling the

artisan authenticity of the nation

information by putting in the on the

blockchain which then not then cannot be

changed or deleted the donation

recipients including some of the biggest

hospital in China

hospitals in China like she why people

hospital

Chang Tao number one People's Hospital

in hebei province always have been

treating people infected with corner

virus the

blocking application is the one that is

being used for managing medical data in

Zhang the northwest part of China there

is a province called Shanxi province and

Shan is in this province

and they developed a system for online

consultation and screening was launched

in February the first the blocking

system securely manatees health records

and ensures what is mostly imported

interoperability this is a concept when

you can't serve a very important concept

in blocking interoperability means that

with this block lane it's this blocking

is able to interact with different

infrastructures at the same time without

a needle of course it must be an upgrade

in the systems but is basically if it's

the software systems very easily there

is no compromise of security and patient

privacy as well so this application of

measuring medical data is quite

interesting

there is another boxing application I've

been looking at for quite some time

it's a blocking base open data hub

called the meet pasa it is a platform

created by the enterprise boxing firm as

saira and uses IBM blockchain platform

and IBM cloud now this is quite

interesting application but and we can

see what is the bodies first of all it

has very good sponsors World Health

Organization IBM Oracle Microsoft other

tech companies government agencies

international health organizations they

are all partnering partnering in moving

me paz' me pasa is designed to make it

possible to a verified that a hope hub

synthesized dota sources address their

inconsistent in consistencies so

basically I've been looking at me past

myself

about a month ago there were very few

data I looked at them again a couple of

days ago was full of data the database

was quite interesting that's in a month

but like what did the parties is that

data are not very well explained the

database needs to be improved if there

is got such a big sponsors I would

expect of course it's a massive come to

reconcile it upon Czech Republic from

Italy China wherever but it must be done

this work must be done for this

application to be effective

and then we get to contact tracing

contact tracing is quite an important

application because government contact

tracing apps are used in Asia and South

Korea in Singapore where trains together

works by using Bluetooth to detect all

the other users and the individual that

have been in close proximity but

European GDP our rules general data

protection regulation are very important

for contact tracing Europe they say an

application called

but actually a consortium called

pan-european privacy-preserving

proximity tracing the consortium based

in Switzerland it wants to make a KO GDP

are compliant opting location detecting

up to expedite contact tracing for those

who've been encountering

coronavirus carriers this app is been

endorsed by the German Chancellor Angela

Merkel in Italy bending spoon which is

part of the consortium created immune II

which is an app and endorsed also by the

Italian government also in the UK it's

been testing an NH as up and then

remains subject to the European GDP our

rules until the end of this year when

the transition period ends and following

the brexit

there are some apps quite interesting in

the United States employer focused

contact racing apps news of these apps

could facility employer included is

return to work but there are serious

privacy concerns which must be

considered to avoid the possible use use

basic elements for employers through the

contact tracing up our to incent how the

public works

make sure the employees understand how

the product words to use internal

policies for the use of the app to be

compliant with the National or privacy

and privacy rules and then there is a

point about the consider rule of consent

which is quite important and it is for

the consent for julia is the following

the data subject has given consent to

the processing of his own personal data

for one or more specific purposes that

means that if there is not consent

Yop is illegal it cannot be used consent

of data means any freely given specific

informed and unambiguous indication of

the data subject wishes that he wants to

use the app three DPR Russia Europe are

very strict and without this consent the

app cannot be working and then there is

a last category of insurance claims

possessing that I want to mention the

main issues of insurance claims

processing at falling-block clean

technology mitigates the risk of

infection from face to face contact as

the platform is able to process

transactions without human involvement

now there is enough with very

interesting up which is collate in China

being adopted a mutual aid insurance

platform called Shang who bow and we're

gonna see that this is a p2p platform

now the problem we deplete the p2p

platform is that they are largely

unregulated as they are not licensed by

the China Banking and Insurance

Regulation Commission so they do not

need to follow the top capital

requirements or other risk management

rules like traditional insurers but

these up has been exploding in China the

Chinese blocking base collective claims

sharing platform Chang who Bao is aimed

all I'm usually in platform now Shang

who Bao means mutual protection the

build about this app is that provides

its participants with a basic health

plan which complements other premium

health insurance offerings but it

requires no upfront payment you pay

nothing no admission fee processes

coronavirus claims it's very cheap it's

I think it's about $10 per month or so

so when a participant makes a claim the

supporting evidence must be submitted by

the LEP up and then it goes to a review

and approval process but being so cheap

it allows poor people in China to pay

for the corner virus treatment can cost

from five to ten thousand dollars just

being ten dollars a month so you can see

that this application is quite

interesting now we've been talking a lot

and now I would want you guys to give me

your feedbacks and questions I go a bit

on the question side if there's any

question otherwise I

with the focus

on some additional points that we will

be covering I don't see any question so

because the time he is finishing to wrap

up what are you saying

first of all block the blockchain is a

technology what does that mean that

means that to face the problems by given

by the cover 19 there is no technology

that can replace the human person the

behavior of the people is essential

having said that the technology can help

us in

help us in dealing with problems of the

given by covenant in with with the

efficiency and blocking is all about

organization so the organization of the

supply chain for instance all the

medical data or the contact tracing all

the other of these Bibles within the GDP

are rules for instance general data

protection regulation or you know the of

Europe all these applications can work

properly

a beautifully

if there is a behavior from the people

people behave in a correct way with the

social distancing measures with measures

that have been given by our government

and also we had to bear in mind that

this is the general complaint that is

been given and we measure before that

the economy suffers is not true in the

sense that the people in the long term

the the regions the cities that have

performed better in the past are the

ones that have been adopting stricter

lockdown measures and even in Italy one

of those regions like Veneto has been

doing many tests and these be performing

much better than another video next door

like a lumber the region where there

were lots of deaths because the approach

is essential but also the behavior of

the people is essential for the

technology to be effective now

having said that we have to take into

consideration so the side of the

national and the nation talking as we've

seen there is a song desire from the

people to know how the money spend where

the money is going and when so the

nation tracking is very important supply

chain is even more important because

governments have to intervene soon they

don't have time how do they do that if

they can do it if they have a blockchain

that has got all in it in the in the

smart contacts we've been defining all

the main variables that needs to be

supplied to the organizations that need

it like hospitals and government

agencies say procurement divisions and

also there must be smart contacts so for

each category or medical supply any

supplies needed like masks like

ventilators so the blockchain must be

effective because there is no use of

having a blockchain that doesn't cover

all the main variables so it has to be

created in a proper way

ideally the ecosystem in my opinion is

the best because the ecosystem gives you

several things at the same time we guess

one can't party but there are some other

actions that can be taken singularly

also with the blockchain single ups just

talked about the blocking solutions that

we've been dealing with as we said

tracking medical supplies managing

medical data contact racing insurance

claims processing now I will say that we

have to we all have to anticipate the

next wave and as we've seen

in this graph from the united kingdom we

have to be very careful to be safe

acting you know with social distancing

measures because of course the mortality

rate might be very high in the hope that

that doesn't happen of course but we

never know the vaccine is a big

insurance we've seen it before because

it will take time we take one year one

and a half and we and the US I hope the

big companies interact among themselves

to create a good vaccine without

thinking too much of the money but

thinking more of the people that they

can help and with this hope I leave you

all hoping that you are all safe

thank you very much

[Music]