How Will Supply Chains Be Impacted by Economic Uncertainty?

SupplyChainBrain
3 Jul 202310:05

Summary

TLDR安德烈亚·索迪博士,田纳西大学供应链管理系讲师,讨论了经济不确定性对供应链的影响。他指出,由于疫情后消费者对市场不确定性做出反应,需求激增,导致一些产品和材料短缺,价格上升。供应链规划者需要重新定义良好的规划和预测参数,以应对政治决策等多变因素。零售商正在采取措施保护业务和利润率,可能通过增加库存来应对需求波动。供应链策略正在变得更加灵活和敏捷,以适应市场的快速变化。此外,环境、社会和治理(ESG)因素现在被视为供应链决策中不可或缺的一部分,而不仅仅是附加的“锦上添花”。

Takeaways

  • 📈 **市场需求波动**:疫情后消费者对市场的不确定性反应活跃,导致需求激增,某些产品和材料出现短缺,进一步推高价格。
  • 🔄 **供应链调整**:供应链规划者正在重新设计良好的规划和预测参数,以适应过去几年的非典型市场变化。
  • 🛒 **消费者行为**:消费者在看到货架上的产品短缺时,倾向于购买更多商品,以防情况恶化,这进一步推高了需求。
  • 📊 **预测复杂性**:过去两三年的经验表明,需求和价格预测不再是几个变量的简单练习,而是一个多变量的复杂练习。
  • 📉 **经济政策影响**:政治决策对供需关系的影响变得更加显著,如中东局势和原油价格波动对供应链的影响。
  • 🔍 **风险管理**:企业现在更加重视风险管理,减少对单一供应商的依赖,多元化供应商基础成为更战略性的长期行动。
  • 💹 **零售商策略**:零售商通过保护供应链、产品供应和定价来准备应对经济不确定性,这可能会触发消费者端的更多需求。
  • 📦 **库存管理**:组织对库存的态度变得更加开放,愿意增加一些库存以应对预测的不稳定性。
  • 🌐 **地理多元化**:品牌和零售商正在考虑将生产转移至其他地区或国内,以减少对特定地区的依赖。
  • ♻️ **ESG因素**:环境、社会和治理(ESG)的可持续性因素现在被视为供应链战略的一部分,而不仅仅是附加的好处。
  • 🚀 **供应链韧性**:与三年前相比,供应链变得更加敏捷,能够更快地对市场变化做出反应并适应。

Q & A

  • 当前供应链和需求的整体情况是怎样的?

    -当前供应链和需求受到疫情后的影响,消费者对市场的不确定性反应活跃,导致需求激增,某些组件、材料和产品的短缺推高了价格,进一步加剧了需求的增长。

  • 消费者在面对产品短缺时会有什么反应?

    -面对产品短缺,消费者倾向于在情况恶化前购买更多,这会进一步推高需求,超出供应链规划者能够应对的范围。

  • 供应链规划需要考虑哪些新的参数?

    -供应链规划需要重新定义好的规划和预测应该是什么样子,需要考虑更多的变量,因为过去两年的情况已经改变了传统的规划和预测模式。

  • 政治决策如何影响供需关系?

    -政治决策,如中东的局势,会影响原油价格,进而影响供应链的成本和价格,这些政治决策几乎每周都在变化,增加了供需关系的不确定性。

  • 供应链管理中的新常态是什么?

    -新常态是供应链管理需要适应多变量的复杂性,这些变量相互交织,使得预测需求和价格变得更加困难。

  • 零售商如何应对经济不确定性和潜在的衰退?

    -零售商通过保护业务和利润率来准备应对经济不确定性,这包括保护供应链的可用性和产品的价格,这可能会在消费者端引发更多的需求。

  • 供应链中的库存管理策略有哪些变化?

    -组织对库存的态度变得更加开放,愿意增加一些库存以应对预测的不确定性,这虽然会增加成本,但也有助于保护业务。

  • 供应链来源策略有哪些永久性的改变?

    -企业更加重视风险管理,减少对单一供应商的依赖,通过多元化供应商基础来降低风险。

  • ESG(环境、社会和治理)如何融入供应链策略?

    -ESG不再是一个可选的附加项,而是需要嵌入到供应链决策和设计中,成为决策过程中的一个重要因素。

  • 供应链是否比三年前更有韧性?

    -供应链变得更加敏捷,能够更快地对市场的变化做出反应,适应市场的波动和不确定性。

  • 供应链管理中如何平衡成本和利润率?

    -供应链管理中需要在保持利润率和控制资产负债表之间找到平衡,这包括对库存的适当管理,以保护业务不受市场波动的影响。

Outlines

00:00

😀 供应链管理与经济不确定性

第一段中,田纳西大学供应链管理系讲师Andrea Sordi博士讨论了当前供应链面临的挑战。他指出,后疫情时代消费者需求的急剧上升和市场不确定性导致了某些产品和材料的短缺,进而推高了价格。消费者在看到货架上出现短缺时,会倾向于购买更多商品,进一步推高需求。此外,供应链规划者需要重新定义好的规划和预测应该是什么样子,考虑更多的变量,并从过去两年的经验中学习。政治决策对供需关系的影响日益显著,如中东问题和原油价格波动等。

05:01

😀 零售商应对策略与供应链的可持续性

第二段中,Andrea Sordi博士继续讨论了零售商如何应对当前的供应链挑战。他提到,零售商正在采取措施保护自己的业务和利润率,这可能包括增加库存和调整价格策略。这种策略可能会在消费者中引发更多的需求,如果他们预期价格将继续上涨。此外,博士还谈到了供应链的多元化和风险管理的重要性,以及如何将环境、社会和治理(ESG)因素纳入供应链策略中。他认为,供应链现在更加灵活,能够更快地适应市场变化,并且对可持续性的关注不再是一个可选的附加项,而是必须嵌入到供应链决策中。

Mindmap

Keywords

💡供应链管理

供应链管理是指对商品从原材料到成品,最终到达消费者手中的整个流程进行规划、组织、协调、控制和优化的过程。在视频中,Andrea Sordi博士作为供应链管理的讲师,讨论了经济不确定性对供应链的影响,强调了供应链的敏捷性和对市场变化的快速反应能力。

💡经济不确定性

经济不确定性指的是经济环境的不稳定性,包括市场波动、政策变化等因素,这些因素可能对企业的运营和决策产生影响。视频中提到,经济不确定性导致了消费者需求的波动,以及供应链中某些材料和产品的短缺。

💡需求预测

需求预测是指预测未来一段时间内市场对产品或服务的需求。视频中指出,由于经济不确定性和疫情后的影响,需求预测变得更加复杂,需要考虑更多变量,如政治决策、原油价格变动等。

💡库存管理

库存管理是供应链中的一个重要组成部分,涉及对库存水平的控制和优化。视频提到,企业可能需要重新考虑库存策略,以应对需求的不确定性,例如通过增加库存来保护业务和利润率。

💡供应链弹性

供应链弹性指的是供应链在面对市场变化和冲击时的适应和恢复能力。Andrea Sordi博士认为,供应链现在更加敏捷,能够更快地适应市场变化,这是供应链管理的一个重要进步。

💡供应链重设计

供应链重设计是指对现有供应链结构和流程进行调整和优化,以提高效率和响应能力。视频中提到,供应链管理者需要重新定义好的规划和预测应该是什么样子,以适应新的市场环境。

💡供应链多元化

供应链多元化是指在供应链中引入多个供应商或来源,以降低风险和提高供应链的稳定性。视频讨论了企业如何通过多元化供应商基础来管理风险,避免过度依赖单一来源。

💡ESG

ESG指的是环境(Environmental)、社会(Social)和公司治理(Governance)的缩写,是评估企业在可持续发展方面表现的标准。视频中提到,ESG不再是一个可选的附加项,而是需要嵌入到供应链决策中的重要因素。

💡风险管理

风险管理是指识别、评估和控制可能对企业产生负面影响的风险的过程。视频中强调了在供应链中进行风险管理的重要性,特别是在面对政治决策和市场波动时。

💡需求动态

需求动态指的是市场需求的变化趋势和模式。视频讨论了需求动态如何影响供应链,以及企业如何通过调整策略来应对需求的波动,例如通过增加库存或调整价格策略。

Highlights

疫情后消费者需求的急剧上升和市场不确定性导致供应链紧张。

供应链中某些组件和材料短缺,导致价格上涨和需求进一步增加。

消费者对短缺的反应导致需求激增,超出供应链规划者的能力。

供应链规划需要重新定义,考虑新的变量和参数。

政治决策和原油价格波动对供应链有显著影响。

供应链管理需要适应更加多变的供需关系。

供应链预测变得更加复杂,需要考虑更多变量。

企业可能需要接受更多的库存来应对需求的不确定性。

零售商正在采取措施保护业务和利润率,以应对经济政策的影响。

供应链中的动态需求和供应波动可能会持续一段时间。

供应链策略需要考虑环境、社会和治理(ESG)因素。

供应链的可持续性不应仅作为附加选项,而应融入决策核心。

供应链变得更加敏捷,能够更快地适应市场变化。

风险管理在供应链策略中变得更加重要。

企业趋向于多元化供应商基础,减少对单一来源的依赖。

供应链策略需要将可持续性因素纳入决策过程。

供应链的韧性在过去三年中有所增强。

Transcripts

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foreign

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how will supply chains be impacted by

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economic uncertainty Andrea sordi is a

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lecturer in the Supply Chain management

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department at the University of

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Tennessee hello Dr sorting hi nice to

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see you again yeah and good thanks for

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being with me today how do you see the

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overall supply and demand picture right

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now where are the biggest trouble spots

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in Supply chains

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well I think we are kind of a seeing the

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effect of a post pandemic is you see

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consumer account of a reacting in a very

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active way to uh Spike up demands and

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uncertainty in the market uh obviously

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there are shortage of some some um some

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components and materials and some

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products where ours pushing prices up

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and spikes demand even even further up I

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think what we are observing is uh it's

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sort of uh post effect of the pandemic

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syndrome in a way where you know that

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that syndrome of the shortage of the

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toilet papers and now when you see

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shortages on that on on the Shelf I

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think the consumers are going to go and

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buy even more before before that

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situation is getting worse which is

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going to spike the demand Beyond any any

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single any single uh provision that that

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supply chain planners can can do the

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other the other aspects is that I think

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from a planning standpoint from a supply

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chain standpoint we try to redesign the

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parameter of how good planning and

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forecasting is gonna is gonna look like

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in the last two years two or three years

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uh uh have been not the norm uh but

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definitely I've left the some

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consequences so we um we need to

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redefine what those uh new parameters of

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good planning is going to look like what

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are the variables we're going to take

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into account well the hope is that we've

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learned some lessons there I mean we

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went through a period of time when there

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was there wasn't enough product and then

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all of a sudden when everybody when the

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pandemic was relaxed and people went

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back out into the world and consumer

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products purchases went down suddenly

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there was too much and warehouses were

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full of a glut of product so right now

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what are we doing we're bouncing back

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and forth between that right now it's

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not about bouncing back I think what we

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are observing is that it is uh we are

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realizing that much more uh variable

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that impact the supply and demand

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relationship is political decision there

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are kind of a changing I wouldn't say

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every day but almost every week uh

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obviously there's a word the same so now

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have not been ending any anytime soon

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um we're saying the uh the issues in the

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Middle East keep going on

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um so does that and when the price of of

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crude oil is going down and then all of

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a sudden you're shutting down Supply and

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the price goes up so there's a lot of

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variables that are playing into the into

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the mix and I think what um to your

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point what we learned over the last two

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to three years is that forecasting and

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forecasting demand and forecasting

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prices is not a few variable exercises a

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multi-complex variable exercises and

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those variables are interweens so it's

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not that simple and that's that's the

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new Norm we try to

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um redescribe and redefine how to manage

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it do you think that means that we no

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longer feel like we need to settle on

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like one number for a forecast and maybe

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we can have a range that can be adjusted

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depending on what actually happens maybe

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there by making Supply agents a little

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more adjustable to reality when it when

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that occurs

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I feel I think the adjustments

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um needs to take into account much more

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factors than what we used to make it

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before

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and what I'm also seeing I'm also saying

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that

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organizational less

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uh adverse to inventory where possible

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this is not negative

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failing about adding a little bit too

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much inventory if that additional

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inventory can be a solution to that

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variability that we're trying to predict

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I see yeah do you believe I mean all

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this talk about whether we are in a

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recession or whether we're going to have

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a recession this year a lot of

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disagreement about that but what are

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retailers doing are they preparing for a

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recession anyway and if so how

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lots of quantum interesting interesting

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question and I'm not an economist so I

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can't tell you whether we're going to be

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in a recession or not the economists

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can't tell you either by the way yeah

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exactly no no no not very output to very

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good uh plan here

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um I think what retainers are

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preparing to do they are preparing to

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protect their business and their margin

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um in a way they're protecting their

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supply they're protecting the

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availability of of private to sell but

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also they are protecting their pricing

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in their margin which in a way could

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trigger more Demand on the consumer side

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if the consumers are perceiving the

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prices are going to keep going up

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and that's kind of a weird virtual cycle

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that is keep on you know fitting itself

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it's kind of a it's kind of that's

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Dynamic that we are that we're into

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the economic policies that the Central

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Bank are are um are trying to achieve

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gonna come everything down without

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pushing up into our session I don't know

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um but I think from a supply chain

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standpoint

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I think these

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active Dynamic of demand and Supply

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going spiking up and down is going to be

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something that we're going to keep

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saying for a little while at least in a

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number of Industries yeah one response

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to that might be as you said a little

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bit more inventory more buffer stock in

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the system that of course raises costs

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that's a drag on your balance sheet

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you're trying to control it you know

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control your as you say your profit

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margin and yet prices are having to go

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up because of inflation I it just seems

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like a a terrible puzzle for retailers

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it is but at the end of the day it's

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it's that the balance between hey it's

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your balance sheet more important than

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your uh profit margin at the end and

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what was the balance that that balancing

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thing is is sending uh what I'm saying

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is not that everybody should be creating

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more stuff what I'm saying is that

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that's less adversity or negativity to

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the fact that

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you have a little bit more to protect

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your business yeah what permanent

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changes do you think we might have seen

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or be seeing in supply chain sourcing as

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a result of what happened during the

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lockdown and a lot of overseas factories

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especially in China got shut down and

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that caused A disruption of its Supply

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um do you think that there isn't a

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really an attempt by uh by Brands and

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retailers now to diversify their their

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sourcing either other parts of the world

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or even bring some home or nearsuring

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what's going on there in the sourcing

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strategy

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I think that's definitely a serious

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concern about taking risk management

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more seriously than we did before uh

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there's definitely a less

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adversity to diversifying your supplier

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base and I'm seeing less and less

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company go into single Source because

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that's they realize that we all realized

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it was too dangerous so scale and single

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source is not always the answer to

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profit and cost Effectiveness

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specification of your supplier base

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might be a more strategic uh long-term

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movement that can provide benefit to

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your organization it does mean that

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everybody's going to near sure no there

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are things you cannot near sure even if

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you want

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um you know

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um raw materials

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I can't grow cocoa beans in my backyard

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here in Tennessee

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from somewhere else now the question is

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how I'm gonna be sourcing how I'm gonna

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be they're risk in that supply chain

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that's where I think organizational

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focusing their attention at the moment

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so in the midst of all these gigantic

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challenges that retailers and Brands and

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Supply chains are facing now we have the

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huge Wild Card of ESG environmental

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social governance sustainability how do

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they work that into the strategy how

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might that manifest itself in terms of

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supply chain strategies going forward

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well it's not nice to have anymore I

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mean if you think about consumer asking

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for that investor asking from that

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regulator asking from that so it's

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something that you need to embed in your

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sourcing strategies you know supply

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chain decision as of the design of the

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your supply chain it cannot be something

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you just simply lay on at the top of it

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you just say icing on a cake that's come

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as nice to have at the end so going to

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the example I I was making before about

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um you know the cocoa sourcing or

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whatever sourcing from China for any

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distance shorting

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factor in sustainability and ESG

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elements into that decisions

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reassuring the mass shorter newer uh

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might be a good a good solution for risk

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might be a good solution for carbon

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Footprints is this the best the best

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decision

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um I don't know uh could be but you need

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to factor in uh elements of

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sustainability into that into that

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decision decision can't be ignored

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are Supply chains more resilient now

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than they were three years ago bottom

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line

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I think supply chain is more agile and

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ready to reactive variances and

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variability in the market more quickly

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and adapt themselves to changes in the

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market

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it's good news to hear Dr Andrea sordi

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of the University of Tennessee great to

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speak with you thank you very much for

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your insights really appreciate it thank

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you Robert be a pleasure

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供应链管理经济不确定性市场变化消费者行为库存管理风险管理多元化采购供应链策略环境可持续性ESG
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