How to make a DOOM CLONE in Unity || E1M1 First Person Player

Summary

本视频教程介绍了如何从零开始在Unity中创建一个毁灭战士（Doom）风格的克隆游戏。内容涵盖了从玩家移动到添加特效和打磨的各个方面。首先设置基础场景，实现基本玩家移动。接着创建新项目，使用Unity的标准3D模板，并进行场景设置，包括调整摄像机、光源、创建材质和脚本文件夹。然后创建环境、玩家模型，并添加摄像机和角色控制器组件。随后，通过编写脚本来控制玩家的移动和视角旋转，实现玩家的键盘操作和鼠标平滑转动。最后，添加头部晃动动画和动画控制器，以增强玩家的游戏体验。视频以展示完成的可操作角色和环境结束，鼓励观众继续关注后续教程。

Takeaways

• 🎮 视频教程将从零开始在Unity中创建一个Doom克隆游戏。
• 🏗️ 教程将涵盖从玩家移动到添加效果和润色的所有内容。
• 📁 创建一个名为'doom clone'的新项目，并使用Unity内置的标准3D模板。
• 🖼️ 场景设置包括更改清除标志为深灰色，调整摄像机和定向光的设置。
• 🗂️ 创建了'materials'和'scripts'两个文件夹，用于存放游戏的材质和脚本。
• 🔨 制作了基础色、次要色和玩家色三种材质，其中玩家色使用醒目的霓虹色。
• 🏰 环境设置包括创建平面作为地板，并使用基础色材质。
• 🧩 创建了环境、玩家和玩家模型等空物体，并设置了它们的位置和属性。
• 👾 玩家模型添加了摄像机和角色控制器组件，用于控制玩家的视角和移动。
• ⌨️ 脚本编写包括玩家移动和鼠标视角控制，使用Input.GetAxisRaw获取键盘输入。
• 🔧 鼠标视角控制脚本中使用了平滑值和灵敏度设置，并通过Transform进行旋转。
• 🎨 为玩家添加了动画效果，包括静止和行走时的头部晃动。
• 🔄 动画设置包括创建动画窗口和Animator窗口，以及设置动画状态机。

Q & A

这个系列视频是关于什么的？

这个系列视频是关于如何在Unity中从零开始制作一个Doom克隆游戏。

制作Doom克隆游戏需要哪些Unity组件？

需要使用Unity的内置渲染管线、标准3D模板、场景设置、相机、方向光、材料、脚本、环境设置、玩家模型以及摄像机控制等组件。

为什么需要创建两个新文件夹，分别用于存放什么？

需要创建两个新文件夹，一个用于存放材料(Material)，另一个用于存放脚本(Script)，以便于管理和组织项目资源。

在Unity中设置场景时，如何改变相机的清除标志？

在Unity中设置场景时，可以通过选择相机，然后在相机的Clear Flags属性中选择一个固体颜色，例如深灰色。

如何调整Unity中的自由摄像机的宽高比？

可以通过选择相机，然后在Aspect属性中更改宽高比，例如设置为16x9。

在Unity中创建环境时，如何设置地面？

可以通过创建一个新的3D对象，选择平面(Plane)，然后将其命名为'floor'，并在X和Z轴上缩放至40x40，确保位置为0,0,0，并拖动基础颜色到地面上。

如何为玩家添加移动能力？

可以通过为玩家添加一个Character Controller组件，并编写脚本来控制玩家的移动。

玩家移动脚本中需要哪些变量？

玩家移动脚本中需要一个float类型的player speed变量来控制玩家移动速度，还需要一个Character Controller组件的引用。

如何实现玩家的旋转移动？

可以通过添加一个Mouse Look组件来实现玩家的旋转移动，并通过脚本来平滑处理鼠标输入。

如何锁定鼠标并隐藏光标？

可以通过设置Cursor.lockState为CursorLockMode.Locked，并设置Cursor.visible为false来锁定鼠标并隐藏光标。

如何为玩家添加头部晃动(head bop)动画？

可以通过创建动画窗口和Animator窗口，为相机创建'cam idle'和'cam walk'两个动画状态，并在脚本中根据玩家是否移动来切换动画状态。

如何将动画状态与玩家移动状态同步？

可以通过在玩家移动脚本中添加一个Animator组件的引用，并使用布尔值来跟踪玩家是否在移动，然后通过Animator组件的SetBool方法来控制动画状态的切换。

Outlines

00:00

🎮 Unity中创建基础场景与玩家移动

本段介绍了在Unity中创建一个名为'doom clone'的新项目，并使用标准3D模板来设置基本场景。首先更改场景名称，调整摄像机的清除标志为深灰色，并设置为16:9的宽高比。接着创建两个新文件夹分别用于存放材料和脚本。在材料文件夹中创建了三种材料：基础颜色、次要颜色和玩家颜色。然后设置环境，创建了一个平面作为地板，并添加了几个立方体作为参考点。最后，创建了玩家对象，添加了摄像机和角色控制器组件，并为玩家添加了一个胶囊形状的模型，用于表示玩家的身体。

05:01

📝 编写玩家移动脚本

在Unity中创建玩家移动脚本，首先定义了玩家速度和获取角色控制器组件的变量。在Start函数中初始化角色控制器组件。Update函数中，创建了input和movePlayer函数来处理玩家的输入和移动。使用Vector3来组合玩家的水平和垂直移动，并添加重力影响。通过TransformDirection函数确保玩家面向移动方向。最后，将输入向量与玩家速度和重力向量结合，并通过CharacterController的move函数实现玩家移动，确保移动与帧速率无关。

10:03

🐭 添加鼠标视角控制

为了添加鼠标视角控制，创建了MouseLook脚本，定义了x鼠标位置、平滑鼠标位置、灵敏度和平滑变量。使用lerp函数对鼠标输入进行平滑处理，并通过Transform的localRotation和Quaternion的angleAxis函数实现玩家的视角旋转。在Start方法中锁定光标并隐藏它，以提供沉浸式体验。调整了脚本中的灵敏度和平滑值，并通过Unity的Animator窗口为摄像机添加了idle和walk两种动画状态，以实现头部晃动效果。

15:04

🏃 实现行走动画与动画状态控制

为了根据玩家的移动状态播放相应的动画，定义了一个Animator组件变量camAnim，并在脚本中添加了一个布尔变量isWalking来跟踪玩家是否在移动。通过检测角色控制器的velocity的magnitude来判断玩家是否在行走，并设置Animator的布尔参数'isWalking'来控制动画播放。在Animator窗口中设置了从默认动画到cam walk的过渡，并在isWalking为false时返回到cam idle状态。最后，将主摄像机拖拽到camAnim字段中，完成行走动画和动画状态控制的设置。

Keywords

💡Unity

Unity是一个跨平台的游戏开发引擎，广泛用于创建二维和三维游戏。在视频中，Unity被用来从头开始制作一个'Doom'克隆游戏，涉及到玩家移动、场景设置、效果添加等多个方面。

💡Doom克隆

Doom克隆指的是模仿经典游戏《Doom》的游戏。在本视频中，制作者计划创建一个类似的游戏，包括基本的场景设置和玩家控制，这是视频教学的核心内容。

💡玩家移动

玩家移动是游戏中的一个基本功能，允许玩家在游戏世界中导航。视频中，制作者通过设置摄像机、添加角色控制器组件以及编写脚本来实现玩家在基本场景中的移动。

💡摄像机

摄像机在Unity中用于确定游戏世界中玩家的视角。视频中，制作者将默认摄像机的清除标志设置为纯色，并调整了摄像机的位置，以模拟玩家头部的位置。

💡材质

在Unity中，材质用于给游戏对象表面添加颜色、纹理和视觉效果。视频中提到了创建不同的材质，如基础颜色、次要颜色和玩家颜色，以区分游戏中的不同元素。

💡环境设置

环境设置是游戏开发中用于构建游戏世界的过程。视频脚本中描述了如何创建一个平面作为地板，并使用材质来装饰它，以及如何散布立方体作为参考点。

💡角色控制器

角色控制器是Unity中的一个组件，它提供了一种简单的方式来控制玩家角色的移动和交互。在视频中，角色控制器被添加到玩家对象上，以实现基本的移动功能。

💡脚本

脚本在Unity中用于编写代码，控制游戏对象的行为。视频中，制作者编写了'Player Move'和'Mouse Look'脚本来控制玩家的移动和视角旋转。

💡动画

动画是游戏中用于创建动态效果的技术。视频中，制作者为摄像机创建了'cam idle'和'cam walk'两种动画状态，以模拟玩家移动时头部的上下摆动。

💡Animator

Animator是Unity中的一个组件，用于控制和播放动画。在视频中，Animator组件被用来根据玩家的移动状态在'cam idle'和'cam walk'动画之间切换。

Highlights

创建Doom克隆游戏系列教程，涵盖从玩家移动到添加特效和打磨的各个方面。

设置基本场景，实现基础玩家移动。

使用Unity内置的标准3D模板创建新项目。

更改场景名称，设置摄像机清除标志为深灰色。

调整摄像机宽高比为16x9，修改定向光颜色为白色并降低强度。

创建materials和scripts文件夹，制作基础色、次要色和玩家色材质。

设置环境，创建平面作为地板，调整位置和缩放。

创建立方体作为参考点，确保不阻碍玩家移动。

创建玩家对象，添加摄像机和角色控制器组件。

为玩家添加胶囊形状的模型，并分配玩家材质。

编写玩家移动脚本，实现键盘控制的横向移动和鼠标控制的旋转移动。

使用TransformDirection函数修正玩家面向移动方向的问题。

添加MouseLook脚本，实现平滑的鼠标视角控制。

锁定鼠标光标并隐藏，以增强沉浸感。

为玩家添加头部晃动动画，提升游戏真实感。

使用Animator窗口创建和配置玩家行走和静止时的动画。

在PlayerMove脚本中添加逻辑，根据玩家是否移动来切换动画状态。

将摄像机的Animator组件链接到脚本，实现动画控制。

完成Doom克隆游戏的基础构建，并提供了后续开发的方向。

Transcripts

in this series we're going to be making

a doom clone in unity from scratch

we'll be covering a little bit of

everything from player movement to

polishing and adding effects

in this video we're going to set up a

basic scene and have a basic player move

around it we're going to start with a

new project named doom clone and for

this project we'll be using the built-in

render pipeline just by selecting the

standard 3d template

so we're going to start with a fresh

project and this has the default layout

the first thing we want to do is go into

our scene

folder and rename our scene

so let's do some basic scene setup we're

going to expand our scene

we're going to go to our main camera

first let's change the clear flags to a

solid color

and here we're just going to use a dark

gray

now we can go over here and drag our

game window down here to the corner

right

rearrange my windows a bit on the free

aspect we want to change that to 16x9

go back to our directional light we're

going to change

this from the pale yellow to a white and

we're going to drop the intensity just a

bit so it's not so blinding

so back in the project window we're

going to go to our asset root folder

and we're going to create two new

folders we're going to make one for

materials and we're going to make one

for scripts

so straight to our material folder we're

going to make one new material

called base color we're going to

duplicate this

and hit f2 to rename the others we're

going to have a secondary color and

we're going to have

a player color we're going to keep the

tone and for the base and secondary

colors we're going to use

a gray shade and for our player we want

him to stand out so let's use something

like a

neon color so now we need to set up our

environment

so to do this we can go back to our

hierarchy we're going to create a new

empty

we can rename this guy to environment so

after we do that we need to go and make

sure our position on our transform is

set to zero zero zero

so now we can go back to the root we're

going to create a new 3d object

we're going to make a plane and we're

going to call this floor

and we're going to scale it to 40 by 40

on the x and z

make sure that our position is still 0 0

0 and then we'll just drag our base

color

onto the floor

what i like to do is to create a few

cubes we're going to

move this cube above the floor we're

going to scatter this cube around a

little bit to give us some reference

points and then make sure to drag it

forward on the z so it's not in the way

of our player

so finally it's time to make our player

in the hierarchy we're going to create

another

empty game object we'll call this one

player and we'll check once more that

his position is zeroed out

now our player needs the ability to see

so let's grab the main camera

drag that straight onto the player let's

zero that camera out

let's go back on the root of the player

and in the inspector we're going to add

a character controller component

so now that we have something to look at

let's hover over the scene window and

hit

f to focus and we'll see that we need to

pull this guy out of the ground a bit

you'll also see that the camera is not

positioned where the player's head would

be so let's select it

and drag to where we think it should be

we can make this easier by giving our

player a body

that we can see so go to the root again

we're going to create a new capsule

we'll rename this guy player model and

then we're going to give it our player

material

so let's make sure to remove its mesh

collider since the character controller

already has one

and we should be ready to start

scripting

before i hop into code i like to

brainstorm so on this character we're

going to need two types of movement

we're going to need a lateral movement

for our x and z

and that's going to be controlled by our

keyboard and then we want a rotational

movement

that's going to be controlled by our

mouse so i think the first script we're

going to tackle is player movement

so let's go to our player we're going to

add a component

we're going to call this player move

we're going to hit

enter twice let it compile and then

we'll double click it to open it in your

text editor of choice

so we'll clean this up a bit by getting

rid of these comments

let's make some room here at the top so

two variables i know i need

is a float the player speed for us to be

able to control the player and we're

going to default that to 20 because it's

a good value

and we also need the character

controller component

so we'll type in private character

controller and then we'll just call this

my character controller so in the start

we're going to say my cc equals and this

is the component that we're grabbing

and we're going to say get component and

it's just going to be character

controller

so now we can go into the update and

we're going to lay out the script a

little bit

so we're going to create a few calls for

some functions

we're going to say we need to get input

and then we need to

move player by using that input

so we can go down below the update

method and actually make these functions

so we can just say void input and void

move player

so now let's think about this input

earlier i was saying we only need two

coordinates the x and the y

but for this we're going to use some

vector three so we're going to take

the player movement with no y

we're going to make a new vector for

gravity with only a y

we'll combine those and pass the final

vector to our character controller

so let's start by making a few of these

vectors we're going to need

one for our input vector and then we

need another one

to pass into our player controller this

is going to be called movement vector

and then we need a float for our gravity

and we're going to set this guy to

negative 10.

all right i think that's all the

variables that we need

so now let's go into our first function

and start using these variables so for

the first thing

we want to take our first vector our

input vector

and we're going to set this to a new

vector 3 and that's because we need to

assemble this vector we need the

x to be input dot get axis raw

so we want this to be between zero and

one

this axis is going to be the horizontal

axis

so if we go into unity and go to our

project settings

and open the input manager we can see

that there's

multiple axes one is horizontal

there's also a vertical and that's what

we're going to use for our z

component so we're just going to copy

this

paste under our z and we're going to

call this vertical

and for our y-coordinate this is where

we're going to add gravity so we're

going to leave this at

0 for now on the next line we need to

compensate for diagonal movement

player player is going forward and left

at the same time now if he was only

moving one direction

he'd be fine but you can see if you

combine the two inputs players actually

farther than one unit to fix this we can

normalize these values to return

something in this circle so the speed is

constant to do this we'll just take the

variable and we'll add dot

normalize to the end if we were to run

the code like this you'll see that we

have a problem where our player

doesn't actually move the direction that

it's facing

to fix that issue we can pass it through

a

unity function called transform

direction

now that we have our input vector set up

and built the way we want it

it's time to take that input vector

and we're going to modify it and put it

in a variable called movement vector

so to begin we're just going to say our

input vector

times our player speed and that'll give

us our first vector

then we're going to combine this with a

gravity vector that we make so we're

just going to say

vector 3 dot up which is unity's y-axis

we're going to multiply this times my

gravity which was negative 10.

now we're done with our input so we can

go on to our

player move and we can say mycc

which is referenced in the character

controller it has a function

called move and it takes in a vector 3.

so we're just going to pass in this

final vector 3 that we made

and we're going to multiply it by time

dot delta time to make it frame

independent so we're not running faster

on faster pcs

so here's what we got so far it's

looking pretty good

but you can see that we don't have any

mouse movement so let's go

back into our project and fix that so

now we're going to add another component

to our player

called mouse look

once this opens we can clean it up a bit

by deleting the comments

and we'll also delete the start function

that i definitely need later

so on this script we're going to be

using floats for our variables since we

only have one

axis to deal with so our first

input is going to be our x mouse

position

then we're going to take this x mouse

input and we're going to smooth it so we

need another float called smooth mouse

position

and since we know we're going to be

modifying it let's go up here

we're going to create two floats that we

can modify in the inspector

one's going to be called sensitivity and

we're going to set that to

[Music]

1.5

and the other float is going to be

called smoothing

and we're going to set that to 10

and lastly we need a variable to

actually rotate our player

and we're going to calculate that by

adding our rotation onto

a variable called current look position

so let's lay out our script a little bit

in our update we're going to need a few

functions to call

get input we're going to modify input

and rotate player then we'll go below

the update and we're going to create

these

so firstly we're going to store our

input in x mouse position

and we're going to use another get axis

raw because we want to apply our own

smoothing

and this time we're going to use our

mouse x

axis

[Music]

so now we go straight to modifying our

input

first thing we're going to do is we're

going to add sensitivity

to our new input we're going to do that

simply by saying

times equals sensitivity and we also

want smoothing to affect this

so next we want our main smoothing to be

applied

so we're going to say smooth mouth

position and we're going to use

a lerp which just literally interpolates

one value to another

for our a value we're going to use

smooth mouse position

our b value we'll use x mouse position

and then for the time we use smoothing

but since this takes a value

between 0 and 1 we're just gonna put one

over smoothing we've modified our input

now it's time to actually rotate our

player

here's where we need to use our current

looking position to store our rotation

and then every frame we're going to add

on to it our smooth mouse position so

we'll say

plus equals now it's time for our actual

rotation

we're going to say transform dot local

rotation because we want this rotate

in local space then we're going to set

this equal to a quaternion and we're

going to use this handy function of

quaternion

called angle axis it's going to rotate

us around a certain axis current looking

position

as our rotation and then the axis that

we want to rotate around

is the transform dot up or our y axis

so it's almost time to save and test but

before we do that we need to lock and

remove our cursors from the screen

so let's resurrect the start method that

i killed earlier

and inside here we're going to lock

these cursors and it's pretty simple

the first thing we need to do is say

cursor dot lock state

and we're going to use cursor lock mode

dot

locked

and then we need to actually hide the

cursor by saying

cursor.visible equals false

back in unity i know the smoothing is

set to 10. let's change that in the

inspector to 1.5 and also go into the

script and change it

here now we can quickly save and go back

in play mode you can see now we have a

decent character controller

walking and moving around our scene one

final thing we can do to spice this up

is to add head bop the way our players

set up

is the camera is inside the player so

the player moves and the camera follows

we can add animation to the camera that

animation will take place within the

parent

to begin we're gonna need two windows

we're gonna need

a animation window

i like to dock it down by the console

and then we also need an animator window

so after we have those open we can go to

our main camera

and we're going to go down and create a

new animation

we're going to need two animations the

first animation is just going to be

static

so we're going to call this cam idle and

we only need one keyframe

so i'm just going to hit the record

button and since we're animating the

y-axis we'll change it

and all you simply need to do is delete

the value

and re-paste it so we can stop the

recording

we'll go here and we're going to create

the next animation

and it's going to be called cam walk

we'll hit the record button once again

and we're going to go about

half a second and we're going to move

the camera

up above the player this creates a

keyframe at half a second but also one

at the beginning so we'll go down here

and highlight these keyframes hit ctrl c

to copy

and then we'll go over to about one and

paste to make this a loop

so before we stop recording we can check

a preview

so we hit this little play button and

it'll give us a preview

and we can see that it's a little too

slow

half a sec it's a little too fast so

we'll go three quarters of a second

and then we can stop the recording and

stop the preview

now we go back to the root of our player

and open our

player move script once more now we need

another variable

and this one's going to be a animator

and we'll just call this cam anim

and we'll also make it public so we can

assign it in the inspector

so now we need a boolean so this script

can keep track of whether we're moving

we're going to call this boolean is

walking

figure this out we're going to check for

head bob

we're going to do that at the very

bottom of our update

so we can go below our move player and

create this function

and the character controller in unity

has a

default variable called velocity

we'll use that velocity to determine

whether our player is actually moving or

not

so we'll say my cc dot velocity

and then we're going to get the

magnitude or the length of that vector

then we can just wrap this up in an if

statement and we're basically just going

to say

if our magnitude is greater than a very

small number

[Music]

then we're walking

[Music]

and if we're not

then that means we must be standing

still

so now that our script has a bull that

tells us whether or not we're walking

let's use that to get our animator to

play the animation that we want

we're going to say canada.set bool

and the first one is a string for the

boolean of the animator

we haven't made that yet but we're going

to call it is walking

and the second parameter is just a true

or false

and we're going to pass in our bull that

we just created here

to set the animator's bull now we say we

go back to unity

so now we need to go to the main camera

or whatever object that our animator is

on

we need to select the animator window

we're going to tidy this up a bit

and now the top left we need to go and

make a parameter

and this is the bull that we just

referenced in our script

and when you make these remember that

the spelling must be exact

to the string that you referenced let's

make a transition from our default

animation by

right clicking over to cam walk we're

going to select that transition

we're going to untick exit time and down

in conditions we're going to

add our boolean set this to true so

when we are walking our cam walk will

play

now we can do the same and make a

transition back to cam

idle as exit time is unticked

and this transition will occur when is

walking is false

in our final step we'll go into our

player and drag our main camera

into the new cam anim field

so now we can hit ctrl s to save or hit

play

and we can see our finished product

and that was it on our first episode i

hope you join us on the next ones

and help me build this into a fleshed

out doom clone spawn camp

out