Biorisiko Bagian 3 : Engineering Control Lab, Peralatan

Summary

This training session covers key aspects of biosafety, including engineering controls like Biological Safety Cabinets (BSC) and laboratory safety levels (BSL). It explains the importance of primary and secondary containment in protecting workers from biological hazards. The session explores various BSC classes (I, II, III) and the required safety protocols for each BSL (1-4), focusing on handling biohazardous materials, using proper PPE, and maintaining a safe laboratory environment. It also highlights the importance of correct centrifuge usage and decontamination methods to ensure lab safety and prevent cross-contamination.

Takeaways

• 😀 The importance of engineering controls in biosafety, including lab and equipment management.
• 😀 Primary containment refers to biological safety cabinets (BSC), which are designed to protect workers from biological hazards.
• 😀 Secondary containment includes labs or rooms that further protect workers, containing hazards within a controlled space.
• 😀 BSCs are categorized into three classes, with Class 1 being the simplest and Class 3 being the most complex and protective.
• 😀 Class 2 BSCs are the most commonly used for biological safety, with two subtypes (A1 and A2) based on airflow principles.
• 😀 Class 2B BSCs are connected to external ducts and feature HEPA filters for exhaust air, adding an extra layer of safety.
• 😀 Biological Safety Cabinets (BSCs) should be selected based on a risk assessment, considering the type of biological material being handled.
• 😀 Biosafety levels range from 1 to 4, with each level requiring different safety measures depending on the risk of handling biological materials.
• 😀 At Biosafety Level 2 (BSL-2), protective gear (PPE) like lab coats and gloves is essential, along with proper waste disposal and decontamination procedures.
• 😀 At BSL-3, negative pressure is maintained, and the use of airlocks and specialized PPE, including changing clothes before entry and exit, is mandatory for safety.

Q & A

What is the main focus of the training in the script?

The training focuses on biosafety, specifically engineering controls, biosafety cabinets (BSC), and different biosafety levels (BSL) in laboratory environments. It aims to educate individuals about safety measures when handling biological materials and hazardous substances.

What is the purpose of primary and secondary containment in biosafety?

Primary containment refers to equipment like biological safety cabinets (BSC), which protect users from direct exposure to biological hazards. Secondary containment refers to the laboratory environment itself, designed to contain any potential spills or airborne pathogens.

What are the different types of Biological Safety Cabinets (BSC) mentioned in the script?

The script mentions three classes of BSC: Class 1 (the simplest), Class 2 (used for handling biological materials), and Class 3 (providing the highest level of containment). Class 2 BSCs are further divided into A1, A2, B1, and B2, based on airflow and exhaust principles.

What is the difference between BSC Class 2 A1 and A2?

The difference between BSC Class 2 A1 and A2 lies in their airflow design. A1 recirculates 70% of air within the cabinet, while A2 exhausts 30% of air outside the laboratory, offering a more robust containment method.

How does BSC Class 3 ensure the highest level of safety?

BSC Class 3 ensures the highest level of safety by isolating users from biological materials entirely, using rubber gloves to handle materials. It also has dedicated exhaust systems that filter air through HEPA filters, ensuring no contamination with the external environment.

What are the key safety measures for handling materials in a BSL-2 laboratory?

In a BSL-2 laboratory, safety measures include wearing appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), such as lab coats, gloves, and closed shoes. There are also air pressure controls to prevent biological materials from spreading outside the lab, and contaminated materials must be decontaminated before leaving the lab.

What makes BSL-3 laboratories different from BSL-2 laboratories in terms of safety protocols?

BSL-3 laboratories have more stringent safety protocols than BSL-2. The air pressure is more negative to prevent pathogens from escaping, and a more elaborate change of clothing process is required. There are also strict interlock systems in place to ensure that only one door can be opened at a time, preventing contamination.

What are the key differences in air pressure between BSL-2 and BSL-3 laboratories?

BSL-3 laboratories have a greater negative pressure compared to BSL-2 laboratories. This ensures that air flows into the laboratory, minimizing the risk of airborne pathogens escaping into the environment.

What does the term 'primary containment' refer to in laboratory safety?

Primary containment refers to equipment like biological safety cabinets (BSC) that directly protect the worker from biological hazards by isolating them from the potentially harmful materials.

What role does a centrifuge play in laboratory safety, as mentioned in the script?

A centrifuge is a common laboratory tool used for separating substances. The script emphasizes the importance of using the centrifuge correctly to avoid potential hazards, although further details are provided in a video demonstration.