Fakta Data | Intoleransi Tumbuh Subur di Indonesia

Summary

This video highlights the growing issue of intolerance globally, particularly in Indonesia, in relation to the celebration of the International Day for Tolerance. It discusses the persistence of violence, terrorism, and religious intolerance despite global efforts to combat them. The speech emphasizes the lack of significant progress in reducing violence and discrimination, especially in countries like El Salvador and Afghanistan, and the concerning trends in Indonesia. Despite efforts, intolerance is still pervasive, with surveys revealing a troubling number of students displaying intolerant attitudes. The video calls for heightened awareness and action to address these issues.

Takeaways

• 😀 Tolerance is a vital value for a plural society, as stated in Indonesia's national motto 'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika', but intolerance has been on the rise, especially during the pandemic.
• 😀 November 16th is observed as International Tolerance Day, a day established in 1995 by UNESCO to highlight the importance of tolerance worldwide.
• 😀 Despite global efforts since the declaration of International Tolerance Day, there has been no significant decline in intolerance, as evidenced by continued violence and terrorism in various regions.
• 😀 Countries like El Salvador and Afghanistan have high levels of violence and terrorism, with El Salvador showing a sharp rise in murder rates from 1995 to 2010, and Afghanistan experiencing increasing terrorist attacks from 2001 to 2021.
• 😀 Indonesia has shown some positive trends, including a decrease in murder cases and terrorist-related deaths between 2004 and 2021, though challenges remain.
• 😀 From 2004 to 2008, Indonesia saw a reduction in murder rates from 8.9 to 8.1 per 100,000 people annually.
• 😀 Terrorism-related deaths in Indonesia have also decreased since the Bali bombings of 2002, with a significant drop in terrorist-related deaths to less than 0.01% annually after 2017.
• 😀 Despite these positive trends, Indonesia still faces religious freedom violations, with 422 incidents recorded in 2020, showing an increase compared to the previous year.
• 😀 The majority of these violations were committed by state actors (e.g., local governments and police) and non-state actors (e.g., religious groups and communities).
• 😀 A 2020 survey revealed that 30.16% of university students in Indonesia exhibited intolerant attitudes, highlighting that intolerance is not correlated with education level, as many educated individuals still hold low tolerance for religious diversity.

Q & A

What is the significance of November 16 in the context of global tolerance?

November 16 is observed as International Tolerance Day, commemorating the UNESCO declaration in 1995 to promote tolerance worldwide. The day marks the anniversary of the release of the Declaration of Principles on Tolerance in 1995 and is linked to the 125th anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi's birth.

How did the international community respond to growing intolerance and violence?

In response to the rise of intolerance, violence, terrorism, xenophobia, racism, and discrimination, the UN General Assembly adopted a resolution in 1996 calling for International Tolerance Day to be observed annually. This effort highlights the need to combat these issues globally.

What challenges exist in reducing violence and terrorism despite the observance of International Tolerance Day?

Despite the annual observance, violence and terrorism have remained significant issues. For example, countries like El Salvador continue to experience high murder rates, and Afghanistan has seen escalating terrorist attacks, particularly during the 2001-2021 war between the US and the Taliban.

Has there been any noticeable change in the rate of violence in Indonesia?

In Indonesia, there has been a decline in both murder rates and deaths from terrorist attacks. Between 2004 and 2008, murder rates dropped, and terrorist-related fatalities decreased significantly after the peak of the 2002 Bali bombings, with rates continuing to remain low in subsequent years.

What does the decrease in murder rates in Indonesia signify about the country's tolerance?

The decrease in murder rates suggests that, in some respects, Indonesia may have become more tolerant over time. However, this alone doesn't necessarily indicate a fully tolerant society, as other forms of violence and intolerance may still persist.

What role do government and non-government actors play in religious freedom violations in Indonesia?

In Indonesia, both government and non-government actors contribute to violations of religious freedom. In 2020, 238 violations were committed by state actors, such as local governments and police, while 184 violations were carried out by non-state actors, including community groups and religious organizations.

Which regions in Indonesia saw the most violations of religious freedom in 2020?

In 2020, the regions with the highest number of religious freedom violations in Indonesia were West Java (39 violations), East Java (23 violations), Aceh (18 violations), Jakarta (13 violations), Central Java (12 violations), and North Sumatra (29 violations).

How does education correlate with intolerance in Indonesia?

A survey conducted by the Center for Islamic and Social Studies in Jakarta found that 30.16% of students exhibited intolerant behavior. This suggests that even among educated individuals, there is a significant proportion who demonstrate intolerance, challenging the assumption that higher education automatically fosters tolerance.

What does the survey of students' intolerance suggest about the overall tolerance in Indonesia?

The survey highlights that despite efforts to promote tolerance, a significant portion of Indonesia’s educated population still exhibits low levels of religious tolerance, with nearly one-third of students displaying either low or very low levels of religious tolerance.

What is the main takeaway regarding the impact of International Tolerance Day on global issues?

The main takeaway is that while International Tolerance Day brings attention to issues of intolerance, violence, and discrimination, there has not been a significant global reduction in these problems. The persistent challenges suggest that more targeted and effective actions are needed to address intolerance on a deeper level.