Gregg Shorthand: OA1 LESSON 5 Shorthand Phrases

Summary

This video lesson explores shorthand writing, focusing on symbols and blends for sounds like 's', 'f', and 'v'. It explains the use of brief forms to combine common words into single outlines, which speeds up shorthand writing. The lesson covers examples of shorthand phrases like 'I will', 'it will', and 'I would', as well as symbols for the sounds of 's', 'f', and 'v', with attention to their size and stroke direction. It also introduces blends like 'fr' and 'fl', which further enhance writing speed, and discusses short and soft 'o' sounds.

Takeaways

• ✍️ Lesson 5 introduces shorthand phrases and symbols for the sounds of 's', 'f', and 'v'.
• 🖋️ Shorthand blends for 'fr' and 'fl' are introduced to improve writing speed.
• 🧠 The concept of combining brief forms into a single outline, called a phrase, helps increase shorthand efficiency.
• 📄 Example phrases: 'I will' is written as 'a' and 'will' using shorthand strokes.
• 🔡 Symbols for 's', 'f', and 'v' differ in size and direction, with 's' being the smallest and 'v' the largest.
• 📚 The 's' symbol is always used for the sound of 'z' in shorthand, even when it's represented as 's' in longhand.
• 📝 Example words using the 's', 'f', and 'v' sounds include 'say', 'seen', 'face', 'laugh', 'vote', and 'Dave'.
• 🎯 The 'fr' and 'fl' blends eliminate pen stops to improve writing speed in common combinations like 'frame' and 'fry'.
• 🔤 The 'o' symbol in shorthand represents the short and soft sounds of 'o', no matter the spelling in longhand.
• 🧐 Proper nouns like 'Stephen' and 'Dave' are marked with capitalization in shorthand.

Q & A

What is the primary purpose of shorthand phrases and symbols?

Shorthand phrases and symbols are used to increase writing speed by condensing common words or sounds into brief, singular outlines.

How do brief forms contribute to shorthand speed?

Brief forms contribute to shorthand speed by allowing writers to combine common words into single outlines or strokes, reducing the need for multiple pen stops.

What is an example of combining brief forms into a phrase?

An example is combining 'I will' into one outline, where 'I' is written as a single stroke and 'will' is represented by a short form, making it one fluid motion.

How are the sounds of 'S', 'F', and 'V' represented in shorthand?

The sounds of 'S', 'F', and 'V' are represented by downward curves of different sizes. The 'S' is a short downward curve, 'F' is a medium-sized curve, and 'V' is a long downward curve.

Why is the 'S' symbol in shorthand referred to as 'comma S'?

The 'S' symbol is called 'comma S' because of its short, downward curve which resembles a comma.

How does shorthand handle the 'Z' sound?

In shorthand, the 'S' symbol is used for both the 'S' and 'Z' sounds, even if the word has a 'Z' sound in longhand.

What is an example of a shorthand outline for the word 'scene'?

In shorthand, 'scene' is written as 'S-E-N', eliminating the silent letters and using the same symbol for 'S' and 'Z' sounds.

What is the significance of blends like 'FR' and 'FL' in shorthand?

Blends like 'FR' and 'FL' are frequently used shorthand symbols that eliminate pen stops, increasing writing speed by allowing these common combinations to be written as one stroke.

How are capitalization marks used in shorthand for proper nouns?

In shorthand, a capitalization mark is placed above proper nouns, such as 'Stephen' and 'Dave', to indicate that they are names.

What is the shorthand representation for short and soft 'O' sounds?

In shorthand, the 'O' symbol represents both short and soft sounds of 'O', regardless of the word's spelling in longhand. Examples include 'lot' and 'small'.

Outlines

00:00

✏️ Introduction to Shorthand Phrases and Symbols

This paragraph introduces the concept of shorthand phrases and symbols, specifically focusing on the sounds of 's', 'f', and 'v'. It highlights how combining shorthand symbols, like 'f r' and 'f l', allows for faster writing. Special attention is given to brief forms for common words, which are often combined into single outlines, or phrases, to increase writing speed. Examples include 'I will' and 'I will not', where shorthand strokes for these words reduce pen movement. The paragraph also covers how the shorthand symbols for 's', 'f', and 'v' differ in size and direction to represent different sounds.

05:02

📈 Blends and Speed Gains in Shorthand Writing

This paragraph explores how shorthand writing speed is enhanced through the use of blends, specifically focusing on 'f r' and 'f l' blends. By eliminating pen stops between frequently occurring letters, writing becomes more fluid. The paragraph offers examples of words like 'frame', 'free', 'fry', 'flame', and 'flying', demonstrating the application of these blends. Additionally, it covers the shorthand symbol for the short and soft sounds of 'o', which is used consistently regardless of the word’s spelling in longhand. Words such as 'lot', 'small', and 'you' illustrate the use of this 'o' symbol in shorthand.

Keywords

💡Shorthand

Shorthand is a system of writing that uses symbols to represent sounds, words, or phrases quickly. In this video, shorthand is used to teach efficient writing techniques by reducing common words and phrases to simpler, abbreviated forms. For example, 'I will' is written as 'I' plus 'L,' demonstrating how shorthand speeds up writing.

💡Brief Forms

Brief forms are shorthand abbreviations for frequently used words. These forms help increase writing speed by combining multiple words into single strokes. The video gives examples like 'I will' and 'I would,' which are simplified using brief forms to reduce writing time in shorthand.

💡Phrasing

Phrasing in shorthand refers to combining brief forms of common words into one continuous outline. This technique eliminates pen lifts, allowing for faster writing. For example, 'I will not' is written as 'I-L' plus a stroke for 'not,' merging three words into one fluid motion.

💡S Symbol

The 'S' symbol in shorthand represents the sound of 'S' or 'Z,' depicted as a short downward curve called the 'comma S.' It is always used for these sounds, regardless of spelling, as seen in words like 'say' (S-A) and 'seen' (S-E-N), where the letter S is used to represent the sound, even if it is spelled differently.

💡F Symbol

The 'F' symbol in shorthand is a medium-sized downward curve representing the sound of 'F.' The video shows examples like 'fee' and 'face,' where the symbol is used to simplify the representation of words that contain the F sound. It is larger than the S symbol to indicate a stronger sound.

💡V Symbol

The 'V' symbol is a long downward curve used to represent the sound of 'V' in shorthand. The video uses examples like 'vote' and 'Dave' to show how this symbol is applied. Its larger size compared to 'S' and 'F' indicates the strength and pronunciation of the V sound.

💡Blends

Blends in shorthand are combinations of common sounds, such as 'FR' (F + R) and 'FL' (F + L), which are written as single strokes. This technique improves writing speed by reducing the need for separate strokes. The video provides examples like 'frame' and 'flame' to demonstrate the use of these blends.

💡Short and Soft O

The short and soft 'O' sound is represented by the same symbol in shorthand, regardless of how it is spelled in longhand. This simplifies the writing process for words like 'lot' and 'small,' where the sound of the letter 'O' might vary in spelling but remains consistent in its shorthand representation.

💡Alignment and Proportion

Alignment and proportion are important in shorthand to maintain clarity and accuracy. The video highlights how the sizes of the S, F, and V symbols differ to show their respective sounds, with 'S' being the smallest, 'F' larger, and 'V' the largest. These proportions help in differentiating between sounds.

💡Proper Nouns

Proper nouns in shorthand are marked with capitalization to indicate names of people or places. The video uses 'Stephen' and 'Dave' as examples, demonstrating how shorthand differentiates these words from regular nouns by including capitalization marks, ensuring they are easily identifiable in written form.

Highlights

Introduction to shorthand phrases and symbols for sounds like s, f, and v.

Explanation of shorthand blends for f r and f l sounds.

Recap of abbreviations called brief forms for common words introduced in lesson 4.

Combining brief forms into a single outline to increase shorthand writing speed.

Examples of shorthand phrases: 'I will' and 'I will not' using strokes for brief forms.

Introduction to shorthand symbols for s, f, and v with specific stroke sizes.

Explanation of the 'comma s,' used for the sound of s and z in shorthand.

Examples of words using the s symbol: 'say,' 'seen,' 'stay.'

Introduction to the f symbol and examples: 'fee,' 'face,' 'laugh.'

Explanation of the v symbol for long downward strokes with examples: 'vote,' 'Stephen,' 'Dave.'

Proportion and alignment tips for writing s, f, and v strokes in shorthand.

Introduction to blends for writing speed, like the f r and f l blends.

Examples of f r and f l blend words: 'frame,' 'free,' 'fry,' 'flame,' 'flying.'

Discussion of short and soft o sounds, and how they are represented in shorthand.

Examples of short o words: 'lot,' 'small.'

Transcripts

[Music]

lesson

five we have the following concepts

shorthand

phrases symbols for the sounds of s

f and v shorthand blends

for f r and

f l short and soft sound

of o in lesson 4 you

learned special abbreviations

called brief forms for some very common

words

very often these occur together

much of the writing speed of shorthand

comes from combining these brief forms

into a single outline called a phrase

for example we have in

last hour so we have in hour

so it is put together and it forms

one stroke only let us have

the following phrases i will

written as a and will

i will will not l

for will and stroke for the word not

i will not

for i l stroke for real

and stroke for naught in hour

and stroke for in our stroke for

our are in are not

r stroke for r and stroke for

in and not i am

a stroke for i am stroke for arm

in it in stroke for

in t stroke for it it

will t stroke for it l stroke for real

it will not we just simply add an

n stroke for not i would ah for i

d stroke for would i would not

we simply add an n stroke for not at the

end of the outline

of our o for of r

for our sounds of s

f and v the symbols

for s f and v

are downward right curves differentiated

by lamp the sound of s

the s symbol is a short

downward curve because of its size

slope and direction it is

often called the comma s the letter

s often has the

z sound in longhand in

shorthand the s is always used

for the sound of z as

words say

written as s a say

seen as in s-e-e-n seen as in

s-c-e-n-e written

as s-e-n

scene stay written

as s t a stay

sound of f the f symbol

is a medium size downward curve

f words we have f

e fee

next face it is written as f

a s face

laugh

sound of v the v

symbol is a long downward

curve v words vote

v o t vote

stephen s t e

v and stephen with capitalization mark

because it is a proper noun or a name of

a person

dave d a v

dave with capitalization mark also

same with stephen

please take note of the alignment

proportion

of the following outline for s f

and v the s is smaller than

f f is double the size of an s

stroke and v is the full

length size stroke f

r f l blend

another way in which greg shorthand

provides writing speed is through

several blends

of symbols that frequently occur

together writing speed

is gained by eliminating pen stop

so when we say blend fr

f plus r stroke when we say

f l blend f plus

l stroke

f r f l words

frame written as f

r a m frame

free f r e

free fry f

r i fry flame

f l a m

flame flying f

l i in

short and soft sounds of o

the o symbol represents the short and

soft

sounds of o no matter how the word

is spelled in longhand short and soft

o words lot

l o

o l small

you