Video Pembelajaran AKM II Bab 21. Sewa Guna Usaha

Summary

This video lesson covers the topic of leasing and its accounting treatment. Leasing is described as a contractual agreement between a lessor and a lessee, allowing the lessee to use a property owned by the lessor for a specific period. The video outlines the advantages of leasing for both parties, explains key accounting concepts such as lease capitalization, present value calculations, and depreciation, and provides detailed examples for both lessee and lessor accounting. It concludes by encouraging further practice to better understand the complexities of lease accounting.

Takeaways

• 📘 Leasing (sewa guna) is a contractual agreement where the lessor grants the lessee the right to use certain property for a specific time period.
• 💼 The benefits for the lessee include fixed payments, protection from obsolescence, flexibility, and lower financing costs.
• 💰 The benefits for the lessor include earning interest margins, stimulating product sales, tax benefits, and retaining high residual value.
• 📊 IASB requires lessees to capitalize leases unless the lease term is very short (less than a year) or involves a low-value asset.
• 📑 Lease accounting involves recording the present value of lease payments as a Right of Use Asset and Lease Liability on the lessee’s balance sheet.
• 📅 Depreciation for the leased asset is recorded on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
• 💵 Interest expenses are recognized based on the lease amortization schedule, reducing the lease liability over time.
• 🔧 At the end of the lease term, if the lessee buys the asset, it is recorded as Equipment with corresponding cash payments.
• 🏦 Lessor accounting for finance leases involves recording the present value of lease payments as Lease Receivable and Sales Revenue, along with Cost of Goods Sold.
• 📉 The value of the leased asset is adjusted based on the guaranteed or unguaranteed residual value, impacting the recognition of costs and revenue.

Q & A

What is the definition of leasing in the context of accounting?

Leasing is a contractual agreement between a lessor and a lessee, where the lessee is given the right to use specific property owned by the lessor for a certain period of time.

What are the main benefits of leasing for the lessee?

The benefits for the lessee include fixed payments, protection against asset obsolescence, flexibility, and lower financing costs.

What are the advantages of leasing for the lessor?

The lessor benefits from higher interest margins, stimulation of product sales, tax advantages, and the potential for high residual values.

How does the IASB require lessees to account for leasing?

The IASB requires lessees to capitalize all leases unless the lease term is short (less than one year) or involves assets of low value.

What is the process of lease accounting from the lessee's perspective?

The lessee records the present value of lease payments as a right-of-use asset and a lease liability. Depreciation and interest expenses are recognized over the lease term.

How is the present value of lease payments calculated in lease accounting?

The present value is calculated using the lessor's implicit interest rate if known by the lessee. If not, the lessee uses their own incremental borrowing rate.

What is the difference between a finance lease and an operating lease for the lessor?

A finance lease transfers substantial risks and rewards of ownership to the lessee, while an operating lease does not. A finance lease is non-cancellable and meets certain criteria, such as transfer of ownership or lease term equal to the asset's useful life.

How does a lessor recognize revenue and costs in a finance lease?

The lessor recognizes a receivable for the present value of lease payments and derecognizes the asset, recording cost of goods sold and any profit on the sale.

What happens at the end of the lease term if the lessee purchases the equipment?

If the lessee purchases the equipment, they record the asset at the purchase price and derecognize the lease liability, with the difference recognized as cash paid.

What is the significance of the guaranteed residual value in lease accounting?

The guaranteed residual value affects how the lessor recognizes revenue and cost of goods sold. If guaranteed, the lessor records the full cost of goods sold; if not, the cost is reduced by the present value of the residual value.