Krashen's Input hypothesis | Comprehensible input | Part 4 Ep #7

Hajar Laiboud

3 Dec 202004:10

Summary

The video is abnormal, and we are working hard to fix it.
Please replace the link and try again.

Outlines

The video is abnormal, and we are working hard to fix it.
Please replace the link and try again.

Mindmap

The video is abnormal, and we are working hard to fix it.
Please replace the link and try again.

Keywords

💡Input Hypothesis

The Input Hypothesis is a theory proposed by Stephen Krashen, which suggests that second language acquisition occurs when learners receive messages that are slightly beyond their current linguistic competence, often referred to as 'i + 1'. It is central to the video's theme as it provides the framework for understanding how language learning happens naturally. The script mentions that 'the input hypothesis states that we acquire by going from meaning first,' highlighting the importance of comprehensible input for language acquisition.

💡Second Language Acquisition

Second Language Acquisition refers to the process by which people learn a language after their first language. The video discusses this concept in the context of the Input Hypothesis, explaining how the process unfolds. It is mentioned that 'the input hypothesis is Krashen's attempt to explain how the learner acquires a second language,' which situates it as a core aspect of the video's discussion.

💡Comprehensible Input

Comprehensible Input is the idea that learners need to be exposed to language that is understandable yet slightly challenging to facilitate language acquisition. The video emphasizes that 'the comprehensible input is the crucial and necessary ingredient for the acquisition of any language.' It is exemplified in the script by stating that learners acquire language when they understand it, which contains structure a little beyond their current level.

💡I + 1

I + 1 is a concept introduced by Krashen, where 'I' represents the current level of language competence of the learner, and '+1' signifies the next level of complexity that the learner should be exposed to for effective language acquisition. The video script uses this term to illustrate the optimal level of challenge for learners, stating that 'comprehensible input that is I plus 1 should be provided.'

💡Natural Order Hypothesis

The Natural Order Hypothesis posits that language acquisition follows a predictable sequence, regardless of the language being learned. The video connects this hypothesis to the Input Hypothesis by stating that 'the natural order hypothesis claims that we move along the developmental continuum by receiving the comprehensible input.' It implies that language learning is a gradual and structured process.

💡Fluency

Fluency in the context of the video refers to the smooth and effortless use of language. The script mentions that 'speaking fluency cannot be taught directly but it emerges over time on its own,' suggesting that fluency is a byproduct of continuous exposure to comprehensible input rather than a direct teaching goal.

💡Exposure

Exposure in language learning refers to the amount of contact a learner has with the target language. The video uses the term to explain the necessity of being in contact with the language to learn it, as indicated by 'the exposure here means the contact that the learners have with the target language.' It is a fundamental aspect of the Input Hypothesis.

💡Acquisition vs. Learning

The video distinguishes between 'acquisition' and 'learning' by stating that 'the input hypothesis is only concerned with acquisition, not learning.' Acquisition refers to the subconscious development of language skills through exposure, whereas learning refers to the more conscious study of language rules and structures. The video emphasizes the importance of acquisition through comprehensible input.

💡Message

In the context of the Input Hypothesis, a 'message' refers to the content of the language that learners are exposed to. The video stresses the importance of understanding the message for language acquisition, as indicated by 'the focus is not on the structure but on understanding the message.' It implies that the meaning conveyed is more important than the grammatical structure.

💡Production Ability

Production Ability refers to the capacity to use language effectively in speech or writing. The video mentions that 'production ability emerges over time, and it's not taught directly,' suggesting that the ability to produce language is an outcome of language acquisition rather than a skill that is directly taught.

Highlights

The video is abnormal, and we are working hard to fix it.
Please replace the link and try again.