History of the National Drafting Council or Dewan Perancang Nasional (DePerNas)

Summary

In this video, Zulfa Wati Dzulhijjah, a 12th-grade student from SMA Negeri 1 Kota Bogor, discusses the development of Indonesia's economy during the Guided Democracy era, focusing on the National Planning Council (Depernas). She explains the council's formation in response to economic challenges caused by political chaos during the Liberal Democracy period. Depernas aimed to accelerate national development but was replaced by Bappenas in 1963 due to failed projects. Zulfa concludes by highlighting the importance of historical awareness in shaping the country's future.

Takeaways

• 👋 Introduction by Zulfa Wati Dzulhijjah, a 12th-grade student at SMA Negeri 1 Kota Bogor.
• 📜 The topic of the video is the economic development policies during the Guided Democracy era, focusing on the formation of the National Planning Council (Depernas).
• 🏛️ The Merdeka Building was used for National Planning Council activities at that time.
• 📊 The formation of Depernas was motivated by economic problems during the Guided Democracy era, including inflation and declining welfare, caused by the chaotic political situation in the Liberal Democracy period before 1959.
• 🏗️ Depernas was established on August 15, 1959, under President Sukarno's cabinet, with the goal of accelerating national development.
• 📅 Depernas created an eight-year development plan called the 'Pola Pembangunan Semesta Berencana' (Comprehensive Planned Development Pattern), covering 1961 to 1969.
• 🛠️ The plan focused on industrial and infrastructure development, but it failed due to poor preparation, insufficient surveys, and financial strain from military efforts and the conflict with Malaysia.
• 📉 Bappenas (National Development Planning Agency) replaced Depernas in 1963 to oversee long-term and annual development plans.
• 📑 Bappenas was responsible for monitoring development progress and preparing reports for MPRS (the Provisional People's Consultative Assembly).
• 🙏 The speaker ends the video by emphasizing the importance of learning from history and acknowledging potential mistakes in the explanation.

Q & A

What is the main topic discussed in the video?

The main topic discussed in the video is the development of the Indonesian economy during the guided democracy era, specifically focusing on the establishment of the National Planning Board (Dewan Perancang Nasional or DEPERNAS).

What is the significance of Gedung Merdeka mentioned in the script?

Gedung Merdeka is significant as it was the location where the National Planning Board conducted its activities during that time.

What economic issues during the guided democracy era led to the formation of DEPERNAS?

The economic issues that led to the formation of DEPERNAS included economic chaos, political instability before 1959, and inflation, which resulted in the deterioration of the people's welfare.

When was DEPERNAS established and what was its purpose?

DEPERNAS was established on August 15, 1959, with the purpose of accelerating national development.

Who led DEPERNAS and how many members did it have?

DEPERNAS was led by Muhammad Yamin and consisted of 80 members.

What was the role of DEPERNAS in national development?

DEPERNAS was responsible for preparing development plans and evaluating the implementation of national development.

What was the 'Pola Pembangunan Semesta Berencana' and what did it entail?

The 'Pola Pembangunan Semesta Berencana' was an eight-year development plan announced by DEPERNAS, which included a blueprint for national development projects, explanations, and funding plans.

When was the 'Pola Pembangunan Semesta Berencana' approved and implemented?

The plan was approved by MPRS through TAP MPRS Number 1/4 RS on July 26, 1960, and its implementation was officially started by President Soekarno on January 1, 1961.

What were the main areas of focus for the 'Pola Pembangunan Semesta Berencana'?

The plan focused mainly on the industrial sector and infrastructure development.

Why did the implementation of the 'Pola Pembangunan Semesta Berencana' fail?

The implementation failed due to several factors, including suboptimal field surveys, excessive government spending to reclaim West Irian, and military campaigns for the confrontation with Malaysia in 1963.

What was the role of Bappenas, which replaced DEPERNAS?

Bappenas was established to replace DEPERNAS and its roles included formulating long-term and annual development plans for the nation and regions, supervising and evaluating the implementation of development, and preparing and evaluating the work of executives for MPRS.