Paris, the city of love, lights and... traffic jams

FRANCE 24 English
20 Oct 201712:36

Summary

TLDR这段视频讲述了巴黎交通拥堵的问题及其历史背景,探讨了市长安妮·伊达尔戈为减少污染和拥堵所采取的措施。自2017年起,巴黎实施了严格的限行政策,禁止高污染车辆在白天进入市区。视频中还展示了自行车和步行对城市交通的影响,以及一些居民对此的不同看法。尽管伊达尔戈的政策面临反对,尤其是来自郊区的司机,然而整体空气污染有所减少。视频最后以一场骑车与开车的竞赛作为趣味收尾,强调了自行车作为环保交通工具的优势。

Takeaways

  • 🚗 巴黎被称为“光之城”,但对许多居民而言,它也是交通拥堵的代名词。
  • 🚕 20世纪20年代,随着私人汽车拥有量的激增,汽车成为巴黎城市景观的一部分。
  • 🚦 到了60年代,由于交通管理不善,巴黎许多标志性景点变得像巨大的停车场。
  • 🚶‍♀️ 尽管巴黎圣母院前不再有大量汽车堵塞,但巴黎仍然是一个汽车城市。
  • 🚦 2015年,巴黎司机在交通拥堵中浪费了45小时,这是他们长期面临的问题。
  • 🛣️ 1973年,巴黎市长为了缓解交通拥堵,建立了一条35公里长的环形道路,但第一天就出现了交通堵塞。
  • 🌿 市长安妮·伊达尔戈希望将巴黎改造成一个对行人和骑自行车者更友好的城市。
  • 🚲 2017年1月15日,巴黎成为限制交通区域,引入了根据污染水平对汽车进行分类的标签系统。
  • 🛴 市长还计划通过增加自行车道、设立电动电车巴士和将某些区域变为仅限行人通行的区域来减少污染。
  • 🤔 尽管许多人认为减少污染是好事,但一些巴黎人认为市长的计划实际上会使交通拥堵恶化。

Q & A

  • 巴黎为何被称为“光之城”却也面临交通拥堵问题?

    -巴黎被称为“光之城”,象征其历史文化和美丽的城市景观。然而,由于大量车辆的使用,特别是自20世纪20年代以来,私人汽车的激增使得交通拥堵成为一个长期困扰的问题。

  • 巴黎在20世纪60年代的交通状况如何?

    -20世纪60年代,巴黎的交通管理不善,许多标志性的景点几乎变成了大型停车场,导致交通问题非常严重。

  • 2015年,巴黎的司机在交通拥堵中平均浪费了多少时间?

    -2015年,巴黎的司机平均在交通堵塞中浪费了45个小时。

  • 巴黎市长安娜·伊达尔戈(Anne Hidalgo)为减少污染采取了哪些措施?

    -安娜·伊达尔戈推出了一系列反污染措施,包括在2017年将巴黎设为限制交通区,要求车辆使用空气质量标签(Crit'Air sticker),并且限制污染较重的车辆在平日8点至20点行驶。此外,她还减少了塞纳河沿岸的车辆通行,并扩大了自行车道的长度。

  • 巴黎的自行车道扩展计划的目标是什么?

    -巴黎的目标是将自行车道的总长度从2015年的700公里增加到2020年的1400公里,以鼓励市民更多地使用自行车出行。

  • 一些巴黎市民为何反对伊达尔戈的交通改革?

    -一些巴黎市民认为,减少交通车道反而会加剧交通拥堵,特别是在市中心车道减少的情况下,周边郊区的交通压力可能增加。

  • 根据经济学家的说法,巴黎减少汽车使用可能对经济造成哪些影响?

    -经济学家认为,如果巴黎减少汽车使用,尤其是公共交通在夜间服务不足的情况下,市民可能难以返回郊区,这可能导致经济损失,尤其是在演出等活动结束后。

  • 未来巴黎可能完全禁止汽车吗?

    -虽然巴黎未来可能会减少汽车数量,但完全禁止汽车是不现实的,因为一些职业如出租车司机、应急服务人员以及居民仍然需要汽车。

  • 巴黎的自行车复兴现象是如何体现的?

    -过去25年里,巴黎的骑自行车人数增长了十倍,自行车逐渐成为缓解交通压力、减少污染的一种重要交通工具。

  • 骑自行车在巴黎有何特别之处?

    -骑自行车让人可以以独特的视角欣赏巴黎的美丽景观,就像电影“宽银幕”效果一样,没有任何盲点,这使得骑行者可以充分感受世界上最美丽的城市。

Outlines

00:00

🚗 巴黎交通:汽车与拥堵的历史

巴黎自1920年代以来,汽车成为城市生活的重要部分,私人汽车的拥有量在20世纪60年代急剧增加,导致了严重的交通堵塞。尽管巴黎不再像从前那样被大量汽车淹没,交通问题依然存在。2015年,巴黎司机每年浪费45小时在交通堵塞中,许多居民不愿放弃汽车。巴黎市长安妮·伊达尔戈推动反污染措施,包括减少私家车和增加行人、自行车道。然而,许多人认为这些措施可能会适得其反,进一步加剧交通问题。

05:04

🚴 环保与交通的拉锯战

巴黎市长伊达尔戈致力于减少污染,推出了将部分道路改为自行车道的计划,受到了骑行者的欢迎,但引发了司机的不满。部分居民认为这些改变加剧了郊区的交通拥堵和污染,虽然监测显示部分区域污染有所减少,但整体影响存在争议。此外,伊达尔戈计划在2020年禁止柴油车进入巴黎,这将影响旅游业。尽管有反对声,市长坚定推行环保措施,强调巴黎不会完全拒绝汽车,而是要减少城市内的污染。

10:13

🚴‍♀️ 自行车:巴黎未来的出行方式?

巴黎的自行车使用量在过去25年里增长了10倍,正在经历一场“自行车复兴”。专家认为减少汽车交通能让骑行更舒适,并提升巴黎的城市生活质量。自行车道的增加不仅能减少汽车的数量,还能让市民更好地体验巴黎的美丽。尽管巴黎永远不会完全无车化,但未来可能会看到车辆的大幅减少。自行车在巴黎被誉为一种让人充分享受城市美景的出行方式。

🚴‍♂️ 骑行与步行:一场与汽车的竞赛

节目最后,一位主持人选择骑自行车,另一位则开车,两人展开了一场竞赛,看看谁能更快到达目的地。最终骑行者享受了巴黎美丽的风景,虽然迟到了几分钟,但她强调了骑自行车的环保和健康优势。这场比赛展示了自行车在拥堵的城市交通中可能比汽车更高效,同时也传递了对骑行的积极态度。

Mindmap

Keywords

💡交通堵塞

交通堵塞指的是由于车辆过多或道路设计不当,导致车辆无法正常通行的现象。在视频中,巴黎被称为欧洲最拥堵的城市之一,市民每天花费数小时在车流中,这反映了交通拥堵长期困扰巴黎的问题。

💡巴黎环城公路

巴黎环城公路是一条围绕巴黎的高速公路,旨在缓解市内的交通压力。虽然其初衷是减少市区内的交通拥堵,但从开放的第一天起,它就经历了拥堵,表明解决交通问题的复杂性。

💡反污染措施

反污染措施指的是巴黎市长安妮·伊达尔戈推出的一系列减少城市污染的政策。这些措施包括限制高污染车辆进入市区、增加自行车道以及推广电动公交。这些举措的目的在于改善空气质量,但也引发了部分居民的反对,认为可能加重交通问题。

💡自行车复兴

自行车复兴是指巴黎近年来推动自行车交通的趋势。视频提到,巴黎的自行车数量在过去25年内增长了10倍,城市正在通过扩展自行车道和减少汽车车道来鼓励更多人骑行。这一趋势与巴黎市长的环保政策紧密相关。

💡限行区

限行区是指为了减少城市污染和交通压力,限制特定车辆进入的区域。在巴黎,市区内的一些道路实行了限行政策,特别是针对高污染车辆,规定这些车在特定时段不得进入。这一政策是伊达尔戈政府减少城市污染的重要措施之一。

💡步行区

步行区是指为行人专门设置的城市区域,禁止机动车辆通行。巴黎市长的计划之一是将一些道路改为步行区,例如视频中提到的塞纳河沿岸,原本是车流密集的区域,现在已经变成了步行和骑行的区域,旨在改善市民的生活质量并减少污染。

💡柴油车禁令

柴油车禁令是巴黎计划在2020年实施的一项政策,旨在禁止柴油车辆进入市区,以减少污染。这项政策虽然得到了环保人士的支持,但旅游业者担心会对旅游造成影响,尤其是对于依赖柴油巴士的旅行团。

💡电动公交

电动公交是巴黎市长安妮·伊达尔戈倡导的一种环保交通工具。她计划在城市中推出电动公交车,尤其是在东西方向的线路上,替代传统的燃油车辆,以减少交通污染,推动巴黎向可持续发展转型。

💡郊区通勤问题

郊区通勤问题指的是巴黎市区与周边郊区之间交通连接不畅的问题。视频中提到,由于公共交通服务的不足,尤其是深夜服务的匮乏,居住在郊区的人们不得不依赖私家车通勤,这在交通限制政策下引发了较大的争议。

💡经济影响

经济影响指的是巴黎交通政策对城市经济的潜在负面影响。视频提到,交通拥堵和政策限制可能会导致城市经济活力下降,尤其是对于夜间活动或依赖私家车通勤的工人来说,交通政策的变化可能会带来严重的经济后果。

Highlights

巴黎的交通拥堵问题由来已久,1920年代私家车的爆炸性增长使其成为城市景观的一部分。

1960年代,巴黎许多标志性景点变成了巨大的停车场,导致城市交通管理问题。

巴黎市长安妮·伊达尔戈通过一系列反污染措施,试图减少城市内污染车辆的数量。

2017年1月,巴黎成为限制交通区域,最污染的车辆在工作日白天被禁止进入市区。

2016年,伊达尔戈关闭了塞纳河右岸超过三公里的车道,转为步行区,这是减少城市交通的重要举措。

巴黎计划在2020年前将自行车道的长度从700公里增加到1400公里,以支持绿色出行。

伊达尔戈还计划将城市的某些区域转换为仅供步行的区域,并将其他区域的限速从50公里降低到30公里。

巴黎许多市民认为,减少车道将导致更多的交通堵塞,而不是缓解污染问题。

巴黎正经历着一个重要的自行车复兴期,过去25年自行车骑行者的数量增加了10倍。

与其他世界大城市相比,巴黎的自行车基础设施依然有待改进,但减少汽车流量是鼓励骑行的关键。

虽然市民对减少污染表示赞同,但他们担心这一系列措施将影响市内与郊区的经济联系。

巴黎的拥堵问题不仅影响市区,还扩散到周边郊区,引发居民的不满。

专家认为,巴黎可能永远无法完全消除汽车,但减少汽车数量至关重要。

自行车爱好者认为骑行是体验巴黎美景的最佳方式,能够全面感受这座世界上最美丽的城市。

报道最后通过一场自行车与汽车的竞赛,展示了自行车在巴黎交通中的优势。

Transcripts

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hello and welcome to this week's edition

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of France InFocus I'm hak-soo Meyers

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belkin Paris may be known as the City of

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Light

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but for many who live here is also the

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city of on booty urge or traffic jams

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and that's nothing new cars became an

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integral part of the prison landscape in

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the 1920s with the explosion of private

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car ownership by the 1960s traffic was

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so badly managed the many of Paris's

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most iconic sights ended up looking like

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giant car parks but while there are no

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longer masses of cars clogging up the

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forecourt of nacho dom cathedral paris

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is still as you can see very much a city

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of motorists Parisians love their cars

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they also love driving along their

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city's beautiful avenues there are less

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keen however on kilometres of traffic

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jams Paris is one of the most congested

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cities in Europe in 2015 drivers here

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wasted 45 hours in traffic jams a

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problem they've been facing for a long

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time

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in the early 1950s the car boom led to

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kilometers of congestion and streets not

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adapted to modern traffic keeps going

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we'll start walking they'll be faster

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what should we do that get rid of all

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cars and give everyone rollerskates that

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would be better in my opinion believe me

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there's no way to get around Paris we

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drive those don't know what will happen

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to it

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are you moving at all no not at all in

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barely two days it's completely

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saturated some things never change

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like grumpy drivers especially in the

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60s when driving seen as a man's job

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women have their own way of driving yes

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how not always very well driving I

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believe so how with a lot less intention

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than men too many cars on the road but

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don't even think about asking Parisians

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to take the bus at a time when the car

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is king I could never get rid of my car

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the fight against traffic jams has long

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been a priority in 1973 a ring road

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around the Capitol was inaugurated 35

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kilometers without a traffic light 12

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years in the making with a cost of over

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2 billion francs journalists from this

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news program tested the new highway at

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rush hour

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and guess what on its first day the

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brand-new Ring Road experienced its

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first ever traffic jam

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the mayor of Paris and Hidalgo has said

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that she wants to recon curb like for

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pedestrians and cyclists she wants to

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have the number of private polluting

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vehicles in the capital and she's

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putting her money where her mouth is for

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the comprehensive series of

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anti-pollution measures On January 15

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2017 Paris became a restricted traffic

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zone while cars must carry acrid air

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sticker which classifies cars according

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to their level of pollution the most

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polluting vehicles are not allowed to

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drive in the city between 8 a.m. and 8

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p.m. during the week and drivers that

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don't carry the sticker risk a fine of

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68 euros a need algo has already

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drastically reduced the amount of

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traffic along the banks of the Sun in

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October 2016

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more than three kilometers of the city's

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right bank was closed to cars three

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years after the pedestrianisation of

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parts of the left bank on October 1st

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the first expressed by clean opened a

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four kilometre track along George

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Pompidou the measure is part of a bike

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plan voted on in 2015 the goal doubled

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the length of bike lanes from 700

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kilometers to 1400 kilometers by 2020

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but the mayor wants to take things even

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further by setting up an electric tram

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bus that will move east to west across

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the capital starting in 2018

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mayor Eid algo also wants to convert

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certain parts of the city into

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pedestrian-only zones while reducing the

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speed limit from 50 to 30 kilometers an

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hour in other areas as you can see we're

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on the pedestrianised banks of the seine

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which only a few years ago were filled

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with traffic now while everyone does

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think that lowering levels of pollution

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is a good idea many Parisians think that

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del goes plans will in fact have the

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opposite effect they think that removing

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traffic lanes will only make traffic

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jams worse cyclists and pedestrians on

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the other hand think Hidalgo is onto the

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right track

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Paris mayor Anne Hidalgo is on a mission

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to get rid of pollution in the French

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capital but not everyone is seeing eye

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to eye on her approach to achieving a

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smoke-free city take her decision to

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convert several driving lanes along the

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Sun into bike lanes while the move was a

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hit among cyclists motorists say the

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measure has severely disrupted traffic

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somewhat it's really irritating because

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I use my car for so many things like

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getting to work every day or visiting

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friends and family I think this is a big

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moment for Paris we're making the

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streets more accessible for Parisians

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bringing the banks of the Seine back to

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the people

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lissa Dee says the plan will reduce

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pollution but those that oppose the

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measure say it will have the opposite

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effect

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Valerie poklis president of the ill de

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France region says lane closures in the

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city centre have simply spread

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congestion on pollution to the

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surrounding suburbs but pollution

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monitors still say they've seen an

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overall decrease in certain areas

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there's been a five percent increase in

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pollution and in other areas we're

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seeing as much as a 10 percent increase

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so the pollution has moved more or less

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but it has nevertheless decreased over

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the zone as a whole commuters also

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complain about the lack of public

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transport options in the evening which

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is why some economists say Paris could

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suffer an economic loss if a show ends

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around 11:00 p.m. or midnight there is

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no way to get back to the suburbs except

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by car if you get rid of cars in Paris

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you cut Paris from the suburbs and that

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would be suicide the mayor also plans to

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ban diesel-powered vehicles in the

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capital as early as 2020 no diesel cars

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means there will be no more tourist

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coaches and then 12 and a half million

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tourists are going to have trouble

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getting around the city despite the

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backlash and hidalgo insists her plans

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will continue this of course there'll

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always be a need for cars

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we're not anti cars we anti-pollution

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urban highways in the heart of the city

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that we cannot have it

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Hidalgo says she wants to be on the

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right side of history starting with a

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little less small

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[Music]

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while joining me now to discuss Paris's

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cycling renascence in a little more

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detail is like air ho who is an

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economist and an urbanist thank you very

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much for speaking to us how big a role

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do you think bikes can play in reducing

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the number of cars on the streets of

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Paris actually Paris like all the other

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great cities of the Western world is

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going through an important a bike

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renaissance because in the last 25 years

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the number of cyclists in Paris has been

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multiplied by 10 do you think Paris will

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ever be car free Josephine mapa

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definitely not for going towards cities

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with fewer cars maybe three or four

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times fewer cars but never without cars

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why is that because some people do need

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them taxi drivers professionals

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emergency services as well as residents

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who need to have access to their garage

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and how does Paris compared to other

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major world city as far as cycling

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infrastructure is concerned we offer two

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key infrastructure is not the first

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thing that allows cycling to happen the

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first thing is that there needs to be

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less car traffic it's when there are

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fewer cars that it's more pleasant to

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ride your bike if bike lanes take over

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space from cars then we win on both

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fronts and tell me what do you like

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about cycling in the city the collodion

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say a famous comic book writer and

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novelist here in France said when you're

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on your bike you see Paris in

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CinemaScope CinemaScope you don't have a

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single blind spot you enjoy the city and

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its beauty to the fullest and you enjoy

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being in the most beautiful city in the

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world of course they do believe in you

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more near sue

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[Music]

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so you've heard from people who think

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that bikes are the future and you've

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also heard from people who are a little

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more skeptical but I think one thing

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that everyone can agree on is at the

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prospect of Shaving even a few minutes

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of your daily commute is very exciting

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indeed so there's only one thing for it

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I'm joined here by my colleague for

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today hi all today I exceed all today is

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about to get into her car I'm about to

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get on my bike for a race from here

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Sammy Shale in central Paris back to the

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newsroom in ICI Lin Willie know so may

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the best woman win

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[Music]

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can overtake this guy

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[Music]

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now surely I know a bit of a shortcut

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[Music]

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Oh

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it's not going to it

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landed on the red light let's go Taylor

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Audrey it's also how you can tell of

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these

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come on come on

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[Music]

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Victoria's cups I can taste it

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Satomi

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now this is really the home straight for

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me I met my husband

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okay okay are you gonna be there okay

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ESCA

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[Music]

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I've been waiting for five minutes so

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disappointed but it must be said I have

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had a lovely half an hour of cycle

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through Paris it's been beautiful I've

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done my sport for the day and of course

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I'm like cured they I didn't pollute at

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all thank you very much for watching

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this edition of frauds in focus so next

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time

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you

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[Music]

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