Rangkuman Materi PKN Kelas 7 Bab 3 | Perumusan dan Pengesahan UUD 1945

Summary

In this educational video, the topic of the 1945 Indonesian Constitution (UUD 1945) is explored. The presenter covers the history and importance of constitutions, explaining the difference between written and unwritten constitutions. The video highlights key moments during the BPUPKI sessions in July 1945, which led to the creation and ratification of the UUD 1945. It also discusses the significant changes made to the Constitution, such as the replacement of certain terms and the shift in religious stipulations. The video wraps up with an invitation to viewers to engage with the content through likes, comments, and subscriptions.

Takeaways

• 😀 The topic of the video is a summary of Citizenship Education for 7th grade, Chapter 3, focusing on the formulation and ratification of the 1945 Constitution of Indonesia.
• 😀 The term 'constitution' comes from multiple languages including English, Dutch, German, and Latin, and refers to the basic laws or fundamental laws of a country.
• 😀 There are two types of constitutions: written and unwritten. A written constitution includes fundamental rules for a country’s governance, while unwritten constitutions are based on conventions or traditions.
• 😀 The 1945 Constitution of Indonesia was formed to regulate the power of the government and prevent arbitrary governance.
• 😀 Indonesia follows the concept of constitutionalism, as stated in Article 1, Section 2 of the 1945 Constitution, which asserts that sovereignty belongs to the people and is exercised according to the Constitution.
• 😀 Important dates in the BPUPKI sessions include: July 14, 1945, discussing the declaration of independence; July 15, 1945, discussing the draft constitution; and July 16, 1945, when the Constitution draft was unanimously accepted.
• 😀 After Indonesia's independence, the PPKI held a session on August 18, 1945, which ratified the 1945 Constitution, appointed Sukarno and Hatta as president and vice president, and formed the Indonesian National Committee.
• 😀 The 1945 Constitution has undergone several amendments, with key changes including the replacement of 'mukadimah' with 'preamble' and changes to the first and second principles of Pancasila.
• 😀 One significant amendment was to Article 6 of the 1945 Constitution, which previously required the president to be a native Indonesian Muslim, now changed to a native Indonesian without specifying religion.
• 😀 Another important change was to Article 28, which originally established the state based on the obligation to practice Islamic law, and was revised to emphasize the belief in One God (Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa).

Q & A

What is the meaning of 'Constitution' in the context of the script?

In the script, 'Constitution' refers to the fundamental law or legal framework of a country, which determines the structure of government and the rights of its citizens.

What are the two types of constitutions mentioned in the video?

The two types of constitutions discussed are written constitutions and unwritten constitutions. A written constitution consists of formal, codified laws, while an unwritten constitution is based on conventions and practices.

What is the significance of the 1945 Constitution in Indonesia?

The 1945 Constitution of Indonesia is important as it outlines the framework for the government, the distribution of power, and the rights and responsibilities of citizens. It also defines the sovereignty of the people, as seen in Article 1, which states that sovereignty lies with the people.

What does 'Constitutionalism' refer to in the context of Indonesia's system?

In the context of Indonesia, constitutionalism refers to the principle that the government must operate within the bounds of the Constitution, ensuring that power is not exercised arbitrarily or oppressively.

Which key dates are mentioned regarding the drafting and approval of the Indonesian Constitution?

The key dates mentioned are July 14, 1945 (discussion on the Declaration of Independence), July 15, 1945 (agenda on the draft constitution), and July 16, 1945 (the approval of the draft constitution).

What happened during the August 18, 1945 meeting of the PPKI?

During the August 18, 1945 meeting of the PPKI (Indonesian Independence Preparatory Committee), the 1945 Constitution was ratified, Sukarno and Hatta were appointed as President and Vice President, and the Indonesian National Committee (KNI) was formed.

What were some significant changes made to the 1945 Constitution?

Notable changes included altering the preamble (Mukadimah) to 'Pembukaan' and replacing references to the obligation to follow Islamic law with 'Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa' (Belief in One God). Additionally, the original article about the President being an Indonesian native who must be Muslim was amended.

What does the term 'Pembukaan' in the context of the Constitution refer to?

'Pembukaan' refers to the 'Preamble' of the 1945 Constitution of Indonesia, which was revised to remove specific references to Islamic obligations and instead emphasized the belief in one God for all religions.

What was the original clause in the Constitution about the President's religion, and what is the current clause?

The original clause in the 1945 Constitution stated that the President must be an Indonesian native who practices Islam. This was later revised to state that the President must be an Indonesian native without specifying a particular religion.

What is the role of 'Komite Nasional Indonesia' (KNI)?

The Komite Nasional Indonesia (KNI), or the Indonesian National Committee, was established to assist in governing the country during its transition to independence and to support the newly formed Indonesian government.