Materi Kuliah Bahasa Indonesia Pertemuan ke-2 Sejarah Perkembangan & Memartabatkan Bahasa Indonesia

Summary

This transcript discusses the history and evolution of the Indonesian language, starting from its roots in Malay. It traces the spread of Malay throughout the Nusantara region, its role as a lingua franca for communication and trade, and its later adoption as Bahasa Indonesia after the 1928 Youth Pledge. The video highlights key milestones in the development of the language, including official recognition post-independence, significant spelling reforms, and various language congresses. It also explores the role of institutions like Balai Pustaka and Pusat Bahasa in standardizing and promoting Bahasa Indonesia as a unifying national language.

Takeaways

• 😀 The Indonesian language originated from Malay, which spread across the archipelago alongside the spread of Islam.
• 😀 The historical evidence of Malay's usage includes ancient inscriptions found in Palembang, Jambi, and other parts of Southeast Asia dating back to the 7th century.
• 😀 Malay became the lingua franca of Indonesia, used for communication between various ethnic groups and islands.
• 😀 The decision to adopt Malay as the language of unity was officially declared in the Sumpah Pemuda (Youth Pledge) on October 28, 1928.
• 😀 Bahasa Indonesia was formally recognized as the national language following Indonesia’s independence, with its legal acknowledgment on August 18, 1945.
• 😀 The adoption of Malay as Bahasa Indonesia was influenced by its simplicity compared to languages like Javanese and Sundanese, which had more complex social layers.
• 😀 Bahasa Indonesia’s cultural and literary significance grew with early works of literature, especially those written in Malay, which contributed to its national status.
• 😀 The introduction of official language reforms included the **Ejaan Van Ophuijsen** in 1901 and later changes, such as the **Ejaan Republik** in 1947.
• 😀 Key events like the 1938 language congress in Solo and the establishment of **Balai Pustaka** promoted the development and formalization of Bahasa Indonesia.
• 😀 The ongoing development of Bahasa Indonesia is reflected in conferences, language reforms, and the establishment of important institutions like the **Pusat Pembinaan Bahasa**.

Q & A

What is the origin of the Indonesian language?

The Indonesian language originated from the Malay language, which spread across the archipelago with the introduction of Islam.

How did the Malay language influence the development of Bahasa Indonesia?

The Malay language, already a lingua franca in Southeast Asia, became the foundation for the development of Bahasa Indonesia, especially as it was widely used for communication between various ethnic groups in Indonesia.

What role did the Sumpah Pemuda in 1928 play in the development of Bahasa Indonesia?

The Sumpah Pemuda (Youth Pledge) in 1928 was pivotal in declaring Bahasa Indonesia as the unifying language of the Indonesian people, affirming its importance for national unity.

What are some of the key factors that led to the adoption of Malay as the national language of Indonesia?

The four key factors included: 1) Malay's role as a lingua franca, 2) its simple grammar and structure, 3) its capacity to represent the nation's culture, and 4) its widespread acceptance by various ethnic groups in Indonesia.

What were the significant historical events that influenced the evolution of Bahasa Indonesia?

Key events included the establishment of the Malay language as the official language for administration and culture, the Sumpah Pemuda in 1928, the recognition of Bahasa Indonesia after independence in 1945, and various language congresses throughout the 20th century that standardized and promoted its use.

How did the Dutch influence the development of Bahasa Indonesia?

Under Dutch colonial rule, Bahasa Indonesia was influenced by Dutch, particularly in the fields of administration, governance, and literature. The Dutch also contributed to the formalization of Malay, which later became Bahasa Indonesia.

What is the significance of the Balai Pustaka in the history of Bahasa Indonesia?

Balai Pustaka, established by the Dutch in the early 20th century, played a significant role in the development of Bahasa Indonesia by publishing literary works in Malay, which were later used to further the standardization of the language.

When did Bahasa Indonesia officially become the state language of Indonesia?

Bahasa Indonesia was officially recognized as the state language of Indonesia on August 18, 1945, just one day after the country's declaration of independence.

What was the role of language congresses in the development of Bahasa Indonesia?

The language congresses, starting from the first in 1938, played a key role in the development of Bahasa Indonesia by discussing its role in society, establishing language norms, and advocating for the continued development and use of the language in all spheres of public life.

What is the Ejaan Republik, and how did it contribute to Bahasa Indonesia?

The Ejaan Republik, introduced in 1947, was a standardized spelling system for Bahasa Indonesia, which improved the consistency and accessibility of the language, making it easier for people across the nation to learn and use.