ARTS Grade 9 (1st Quarter MAPEH)-Western Classical Art Sculptures of Medieval, Renaissance & Baroque

Summary

This art history module delves into ancient to medieval sculptures, covering prehistoric, Egyptian, Greek, Roman, Byzantine, Romanesque, and Gothic periods. It highlights key sculptures like the Queen and Fertitti, Pharaoh Menkaure, Venus of Willendorf, and the Discobulus by Myron. The module explores materials, symbolism, and techniques, emphasizing the evolution from religious to more humanistic themes and the transition from simple to elaborate carvings, reflecting cultural shifts over time.

Takeaways

• 🎨 **Art Module 2 Overview**: This module continues the exploration of arts, focusing on sculptures from ancient classical and medieval periods, specifically lessons 4 to 6.
• 🗓️ **Timeline of Art Periods**: The module covers art from the Prehistoric and Egyptian era (1.5 million BC to 2000 BC), Greek and Roman art (2000 BC to 400 BC), and Byzantine, Romanesque, and Gothic periods (400 BC to 1480 AD).
• 🗿 **Lesson 4 - Early Age Sculptures**: Discusses the use of symbolic elements in prehistoric and Egyptian sculptures, with materials varying by region and a belief that some sculptures are results of natural erosion.
• 📜 **Egyptian Hieroglyphics**: Egyptian sculptures heavily used symbolism, including hieroglyphics, to represent gods and communicate, as exemplified by the carvings in caves.
• 👑 **Sculptures of Royal Figures**: Examples include the sculpture of Queen Nefertiti and Pharaoh Menkaure, highlighting the use of limestone and the portrayal of power and authority.
• 🌱 **Prehistoric Symbolism**: The Venus of Willendorf and the Venus of Brassempouy represent early symbolic sculptures, often linked to fertility and the human form.
• 🏛️ **Lesson 5 - Classical Period Sculptures**: Greek sculptures emphasized the perfection and proportion of the human body, while Roman sculptures focused on religious art and realistic individual characteristics.
• 🏺 **Greek and Roman Masterpieces**: Notable sculptures include Myron's Discobolus and the Puerto Natural Sarcophagus, showcasing the dramatic representation of movement and battle scenes.
• ⛪ **Lesson 6 - Medieval Period Sculptures**: Byzantine, Romanesque, and Gothic sculptures were predominantly religious and architectural, with a focus on cathedral sculptures.
• 🗝️ **Techniques and Materials**: Byzantine sculptures often used carved ivory, Romanesque employed sunken relief, and Gothic sculptures reflected the power of barons through cathedral art.
• 📝 **Module Activities**: Students are encouraged to engage with the material through online activities or answer sheets, facilitating a deeper understanding of the art periods discussed.

Q & A

What is the focus of the second module in arts?

The focus of the second module in arts is on different sculptures made during the ancient classical and medieval art periods, continuing from module 1.

What is the timeline of the art periods discussed in the second module?

The timeline includes Prehistoric and Egyptian art from 1.5 million BC to 2000 BC, Greek and Roman art from 2000 BC to 400 BC, and Byzantine, Romanesque, and Gothic art from 400 BC to 1480.

What are the key elements of Egyptian sculpture according to the script?

Egyptian sculpture heavily used symbolic elements such as forms, hieroglyphics, relative size, location, materials, color, actions, and gestures to represent gods.

What is the significance of the sculpture of Queen Nefertiti?

The sculpture of Queen Nefertiti is significant for its realistic depiction with heavy leaded eyes, slender neck, determined chin, and peer profile. It is made of limestone from the 18th dynasty, 1375 to 1357 BC.

How are the materials used in prehistoric sculptures described in the script?

Prehistoric sculptures used materials that varied according to region and locality, and it is believed that some of these sculptures are a result of natural erosion rather than human artistry.

What is the Hellenistic style in Greek sculpture?

The Hellenistic style in Greek sculpture is characterized by a preference for more elaborate patterns and an emphasis on the representation of movement for dramatic effects.

What was the primary material used by Greek sculptors during the classical period?

Marble was the principal material used by Greek sculptors during the classical period.

How did Roman sculpture differ from Greek sculpture in terms of subject matter?

Roman sculpture placed extreme importance on religious art, often depicting deities or gods, and was frequently copied from Greek sculpture, though with an emphasis on realistic individual characteristics.

What is the significance of the 'Discobulus' by Myron?

The 'Discobulus' by Myron is significant as it shows an attitude of maximum tension, full of compressed energy, representing the dynamic nature of Greek sculpture.

What techniques did Romanesque sculptors use to carve figures?

Romanesque sculptors used sunken relief and undercutting techniques to carve figures, often for portal sculptures on cathedrals.

How did Gothic sculptures reflect the society of the time?

Gothic sculptures reflected the society's belief in honoring powerful barons who controlled the cities, often depicted in cathedral sculptures.