Four Abdominal Quadrants and Nine Abdominal Regions - Anatomy and Physiology
Summary
TLDRThis educational transcript outlines the division of the abdomen into four quadrants and nine regions, crucial for healthcare professionals. It details the anatomical landmarks, such as the navel and midclavicular planes, and the organs located in each quadrant and region, including the liver, stomach, kidneys, and intestines. The script also offers mnemonics to aid in memorization, emphasizing the importance of this knowledge for abdominal assessments and documentation in medical practice.
Takeaways
- 📏 The abdomen can be divided into four quadrants by a transumbilical plane and a median plane.
- 📍 The four quadrants are the left upper, left lower, right upper, and right lower quadrants.
- 🧭 The navel is a key landmark for determining the location of the quadrants as it's where the dividing planes intersect.
- 👁️🗨 The terms 'right' and 'left' refer to the anatomical position, not the observer's perspective.
- 📚 Major organs in the right upper quadrant include the liver, stomach, gallbladder, duodenum, right kidney, pancreas, and right adrenal gland.
- 📚 The left upper quadrant contains the liver, stomach, pancreas, left kidney, spleen, and left adrenal gland.
- 📚 The right lower quadrant has the appendix, reproductive organs, and the right ureter.
- 📚 The left lower quadrant includes the left ureter and reproductive organs.
- 🔍 The abdomen can also be divided into nine regions using additional parasagittal and transverse planes.
- 📖 The nine regions include the epigastric, umbilical, and hypogastric regions in the center, and left and right hypochondriac, lumbar, and iliac regions on the sides.
Q & A
How many quadrants are created by dividing the abdomen?
-The abdomen is divided into four quadrants.
What are the two planes that intersect to create the four abdominal quadrants?
-The two planes that intersect to create the four abdominal quadrants are the transumbilical plane and the median plane.
What is the significance of the navel in abdominal quadrants?
-The navel is a major landmark in determining the location of the four quadrants, as it is the point where the two intersecting planes meet.
What is meant by the 'anatomical position' when referring to the right and left quadrants?
-The 'anatomical position' refers to the body standing with the palms facing forward and feet together, which is the perspective from which right and left are determined in the quadrants.
Which organs are located in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen?
-In the right upper quadrant, organs such as the liver, stomach, gallbladder, duodenum, right kidney, pancreas, and right adrenal gland are found.
What are the nine regions into which the abdomen can be further divided?
-The nine regions are the right and left hypochondriac, right and left lumbar, right and left iliac, epigastric, umbilical, and hypogastric regions.
What are the two parasagittal planes used to divide the abdomen into nine regions?
-The two parasagittal planes used to divide the abdomen into nine regions are the midclavicular planes.
What are the two horizontal planes used in the division of the abdomen into nine regions?
-The two horizontal planes used are the subcostal plane, which is superior, and the intertubercular plane, which is inferior.
What organs are typically found in the left hypochondriac region?
-In the left hypochondriac region, organs such as the spleen, large and small intestines, left kidney, pancreas, and tip of the liver are found.
What is a memory trick for remembering the nine abdominal regions?
-A memory trick is to remember the sentence 'Hector loves Isabel every unceasing hour I love a good love story' for the regions: Hypochondriac, Lumbar, Iliac, Epigastric, Umbilical, and Hypogastric.
Outlines
📚 Understanding Abdominal Quadrants
This paragraph introduces the concept of dividing the abdomen into four quadrants, which is essential for healthcare professionals like nurses when performing abdominal assessments. The abdomen is divided by a transumbilical plane and a median plane, creating a left upper quadrant (LUQ), left lower quadrant (LLQ), right upper quadrant (RUQ), and right lower quadrant (RLQ). The navel is a key landmark as it's where the planes intersect. The perspective for right and left is from the anatomical position, which can appear reversed when viewed from the front. Major organs in each quadrant are also mentioned, such as the liver, stomach, gallbladder, duodenum, kidneys, pancreas, and adrenal glands in the upper quadrants, and reproductive organs, ureters, and intestines in the lower quadrants.
🔍 Exploring Nine Abdominal Regions
The second paragraph delves into the nine abdominal regions, which are further divisions of the abdomen using parasagittal and transverse planes. These regions include the right and left hypochondriac, lumbar, and iliac regions, each named after their proximity to specific anatomical structures. The central column regions, epigastric, umbilical, and hypogastric, are named relative to the stomach's position. A memory trick is provided to help remember the order of these regions. The paragraph also briefly mentions the organs found in each region, emphasizing the importance of having a general understanding of organ locations for basic anatomy courses.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Anatomy
💡Physiology
💡Quadrants
💡Transumbilical Plane
💡Navel
💡Anatomical Position
💡Organs
💡Non-Abdominal Regions
💡Midclavicular Planes
💡Memory Tricks
Highlights
Anatomy and physiology teach how to divide the abdomen into nine different regions or four quadrants.
The abdomen is divided using a transumbilical plane and a median plane.
The four quadrants are the left upper, right upper, left lower, and right lower quadrant.
The navel is a major landmark in determining the location of the quadrants.
Right and left are determined from the perspective of the anatomical position.
Major organs in the right upper quadrant include the liver, stomach, gallbladder, duodenum, right kidney, pancreas, and right adrenal gland.
The left upper quadrant contains the liver, stomach, pancreas, left kidney, spleen, and left adrenal gland.
The right lower quadrant includes the appendix, reproductive organs, and right ureter.
The left lower quadrant contains the left ureter, reproductive organs, and parts of the small and large intestines.
Non-abdominal regions are divided using parasagittal and transverse planes.
The subcostal plane and intertubercular plane are used to define non-abdominal regions.
The left and right hypochondriac regions are under the ribs.
The left and right lumbar regions are between the ribs and the pelvis.
The left and right iliac regions are closest to the iliac crest of the hip bone.
The epigastric region is above the stomach, the umbilical region contains the navel, and the hypogastric region is below the stomach.
A memory trick for the regions is 'Hector loves Isabel every unceasing hour I love a good love story'.
The right hypochondriac region contains organs like the liver, gallbladder, and right kidney.
The epigastric region includes portions of the liver, stomach, pancreas, duodenum, spleen, and adrenal glands.
The left hypochondriac region has the spleen, large and small intestines, left kidney, pancreas, and stomach.
The right lumbar region contains parts of the ascending colon, small intestine, and right kidney.
The umbilical region includes the duodenum, small intestine, and transverse colon.
The left lumbar region has parts of the descending colon, small intestine, and left kidney.
The right iliac region contains the appendix, cecum, ascending colon, and small intestine.
The hypogastric region includes the bladder, sigmoid colon, small intestine, and reproductive organs.
The left iliac region has parts of the sigmoid colon, descending colon, and small intestine.
Transcripts
in anatomy and physiology you'll learn
how to divide the abdomen into non
different regions or four different
quadrants if you plan to enter a
healthcare profession such as nursing
this is something you'll use on the job
when performing abdominal assessments
and while documenting first let's take a
look at the four quadrants which are
created by an intersecting horizontal
plane also called the trans umbilical
plane and a median plane the four
quadrants are easy to remember because
they consist of a left upper quadrant
less lower quadrant right upper quadrant
and right lower quadrant now there are
two important things you'll want to
remember when dealing with the four
quadrants the first thing is that the
navel or belly button is the major
landmark in determining where the four
quadrants are located because again this
is the point where those two planes
intersect which create the four
quadrants the second thing you'll want
to remember is that right and left are
from the perspective of the person in
the anatomical position so when you're
looking at it a lot of times it'll look
flip or backwards and that will throw a
lot of people off so always remember
this will be the right upper quadrant
this will be the right lower quadrant
this will be the left upper quadrant and
this will be the left lower quadrant
from the anatomical position now let's
take a look at some of the major organs
in the four quadrants in the right upper
quadrant we see the liver the stomach
the gallbladder the duodenum the right
kidney the pancreas and the right
adrenal gland in the left upper quadrant
we have the liver stomach pancreas left
kidney spleen and the left adrenal gland
the right lower quadrant contains the
appendix reproductive organs and the
right ureter and the left lower quadrant
contains the left ureter reproductive
organs and all four quadrants as you can
see here contain portions of the small
and large intestines now let's talk
about the non abdominal regions and
these regions divide the abdomen into
even smaller sections by using two
parasagittal planes that run down the
middle of the clavicle bone also called
midclavicular planes and two horizontal
or transverse planes the superior
transverse plane is called the sub
costal plane and in this located just
below the ribs the intertubercular plane
is the inferior transverse plane
and it intersects the tubercles of the
pelvis running just inferior to the
navel now it is important for you to
know the names and locations of these
non abdominal regions so here are some
tips for remembering them first let's
cover the right and the left columns
because they have the same exact name
it's just that one will be a left side
and one will be a right side and these
are unique because the regions on the
side are named after the bones that they
are closest to so first let's talk about
the left and right hypochondriac region
the prefix hypo means below or under and
the word Condor react means cartilage
which is referring to the cartilage of
the ribs so when we put the name
together we have the abdominal region
that is under the ribs easy next we have
the left and right lumbar regions and
the word lumbar is referring of course
to the lumbar vertebra and your lower
back kind of between the ribs and the
pelvis and this is going to be nearest
that side portion right there so that's
why they call it the lumbar region next
we have the left and right iliac region
and the top of the hip bone has what's
called the iliac crest and that's what
this region is closest to it's closest
to the hip bone where the iliac crest is
and so they call it the iliac region now
that's pretty simple and that takes care
of the left and right columns but now
let's look at the abdominal regions in
the center column and unlock the regions
on the side these center column regions
are named after their location relative
to the stomach
not the bones so first we have the
epigastric region and the prefix epi
means above or over and gastric means
stomach or belly therefore when you put
the name together this is the region
over and above the belly next we have
the umbilical region and this is really
easy to remember because this contains
your navel which is also called the
umbilicus and again when you think about
the four quadrants the navel is the
point where those two planes intersect
well in the nine abdominal regions the
navel is going to be located within that
center region so that will help you
remember the umbilical region and then
finally we have the hypogastric region
and we've already learned that hypo
means below or under and gastric refers
to the stomach or belly so when we put
the word together we know that the hypo
gastric region is below the belly now if
you need a quick memory trick to keep
these reasons straight in your mind
remember that for either of the side
columns we have hypochondriac then
lumbar then iliac so we have an H and L
and an eye and then in the middle region
we have epigastric umbilical and
hypogastric so we have an e au and an H
and I just remember this sentence Hector
loves Isabel every unceasing hour I love
a good love story now let's take a look
at some of the major organs that you'll
find in each of the nine regions and in
most basic anatomy courses professors
probably don't expect you to memorize a
whole list of organs that you'll find in
each region but you do need to have a
general understanding of where these
major organs are located in the grand
scheme of things so for the right
hypochondriac region you'll find organs
such as the liver gall bladder right
kidney and portions of the small and
large intestine in the epigastric region
you'll find portions of the liver as
well as the stomach pancreas duodenum
spleen and adrenal glands in the left
hypochondriac region you'll find the
spleen the large and small intestines
the left kidney pancreas stomach and tip
of the liver in the right lumbar region
you'll find portions of the ascending
colon small intestine and the right
kidney and the umbilical region you'll
find the duodenum the small intestine as
well as the transverse colon in the left
lumbar region you'll find parts of the
descending colon the small intestine and
the left kidney in the right iliac
region you'll find the appendix the
cecum the ascending colon and the small
intestine in the hypogastric region
you'll find the bladder portions of the
sigmoid colon the small intestine and
reproductive organs and in the left
iliac region you'll find parts of the
sigmoid colon the descending colon and
the small intestine now you can take our
free quiz to test your knowledge over
this subject by clicking the link in the
description below in addition we have a
whole anatomy and physiology playlist
here on youtube so you might want to
check that out for more videos thank you
so much for watching and please
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