Skill - PEMERIKSAAN FISIK GINEKOLOGI

Summary

This video script outlines a detailed guide for performing a gynecological physical examination. It covers various aspects, including patient preparation, history taking, and the physical examination of the abdomen, external genitalia, and pelvis. The process includes specific steps such as inspecting and palpating the abdomen, performing a bimanual examination, and using a speculum to assess the cervix. Additionally, it provides detailed instructions for assessing potential issues like infections, masses, and abnormalities, ensuring the patient's comfort and proper hygiene throughout the procedure. The video aims to educate healthcare professionals on conducting a comprehensive and thorough gynecological exam.

Takeaways

• 😀 A gynecological physical examination involves inspecting the abdomen and pelvic organs to assess reproductive health.
• 😀 The examination is performed when a woman presents complaints related to her reproductive organs, such as pain, unusual discharge, or concerns about sexual health.
• 😀 Before beginning the examination, the doctor introduces themselves, explains the purpose and process, and gathers the patient's medical history, including menstruation and contraception details.
• 😀 Preparation involves explaining the procedure to the patient, ensuring they empty their bladder, clean the genital area, and position themselves correctly on the examination table.
• 😀 Proper hand hygiene, including washing with soap and water, is emphasized before performing any physical examination.
• 😀 The abdominal examination includes inspecting the abdomen for masses, scars, or distension, and palpating for tenderness or abnormal growths.
• 😀 Pelvic examinations involve inspecting the external genitalia, palpating the labia, and assessing for signs of swelling, discharge, or ulcers.
• 😀 A speculum is used to examine the internal genitalia. The cervix is evaluated for color, consistency, and signs of infection or abnormalities.
• 😀 A bimanual examination is conducted by inserting two fingers into the vagina while applying pressure to the abdomen, allowing the doctor to assess the cervix, uterus, and ovaries for any abnormalities or masses.
• 😀 The rectovaginal examination involves inserting fingers into both the rectum and vagina to assess the posterior pelvic structures, such as the uterus, for abnormalities like rigidity or masses.
• 😀 After the examination, proper disposal of used gloves and materials is performed, and the patient is encouraged to dress and discuss the results with the doctor.

Q & A

What is the primary purpose of a gynecological physical examination?

The primary purpose is to assess the health of the female reproductive organs, including the abdomen, pelvis, vulva, vagina, and cervix, especially when the patient has complaints related to these areas.

What should a doctor do before starting a gynecological examination?

The doctor should introduce themselves, explain the purpose and techniques of the examination, and inquire about the patient’s reproductive health history, including menstruation, contraception, past Pap smears, and any sexual health concerns.

What are some common indications for performing a gynecological physical examination?

Indications include complaints related to the vulva, vagina, or reproductive organs, such as pain, abnormal discharge, suspected pregnancy, or a history of sexually transmitted diseases.

What steps are involved in preparing the patient for a gynecological exam?

The patient should be asked to empty their bladder, clean their abdominal and genital areas, and be positioned properly on the examination table. The doctor should also ensure proper hand hygiene and prepare necessary tools.

What is the first part of the examination after preparation?

The first part involves an abdominal inspection where the doctor observes the contour, mass, scars, stretch marks, and any signs of distension or tenderness in the abdomen.

How is the pelvic examination conducted?

The pelvic examination includes inspection and palpation of the external genitalia, followed by the use of a speculum to examine the internal genitalia, and a bimanual exam to assess the uterus and ovaries.

What does a speculum examination involve?

The speculum is inserted into the vagina to visualize the cervix. The doctor checks for abnormalities such as discharge, bleeding, or signs of infection and may take samples for further testing like a Pap smear or STD screening.

What is the purpose of the bimanual examination?

The bimanual examination is performed to assess the size, shape, consistency, and mobility of the uterus and ovaries. It involves inserting two fingers into the vagina while pressing on the abdomen with the other hand.

What does the rektovaginal examination evaluate?

The rectovaginal examination involves inserting fingers into both the rectum and vagina to assess the uterus and surrounding structures for abnormalities like tenderness or masses.

How should the doctor handle contamination after the examination?

After the examination, the doctor should carefully dispose of gloves, sterilize instruments, and wash their hands to prevent contamination. All items used should be disinfected, and the patient should be assisted to dress and discuss the next steps in care.