CARA BERPIKIR DIAKRONIK & SINKRONIK (KONSEP DASAR SEJARAH)

Summary

This educational script delves into the fundamental elements of historical study: people, space, and time. It emphasizes the role of humans as subjects in historical events, such as hunting and gathering before the advent of writing. The script also explains the importance of space in defining the location of events, like the Proclamation of Independence in Jakarta, and the concept of time in understanding the continuity and sequence of historical occurrences. Furthermore, it introduces three ways of historical thinking: chronological, which follows the order of events; diachronic, which crosses time to examine long-term events or comparisons; and synchronic, which focuses on in-depth analysis of events at a specific time, often used in social sciences.

Takeaways

• 😀 The script discusses three key elements in the study of history: human beings, space, and time.
• 🔍 Humans play a determining role in historical events, with their actions being the subject of historical study, unlike prehistoric events where humans were not present.
• 📍 The concept of space in history is crucial for understanding where events occurred, providing clarity that an event indeed took place.
• 🗓️ Time is essential in history to mark when events occurred, and it is intertwined with human history, not existing independently of it.
• 🕰️ The script introduces three ways of thinking about history: chronological, diachronical, and synchronic.
• 📅 Chronological thinking is about arranging events in the order they occurred, which helps in reconstructing past events and avoiding anachronisms.
• 🔄 Diachronical thinking involves examining events across time, focusing on their duration and characteristics, and comparing events from different times.
• 🌐 Synchronic thinking is about studying events in depth, considering all aspects such as patterns and characteristics, and is often used in social sciences.
• 📚 The script provides examples of historical events, such as the Proclamation of Independence and the Diponegoro War, to illustrate the different ways of thinking about history.
• 🤔 It emphasizes the importance of understanding the spatial and temporal dimensions of historical events to gain a comprehensive view.
• 📝 The script encourages subscribing to the channel, leaving likes and constructive comments to support the creation of educational content.

Q & A

What are the three essential elements in historical studies according to the script?

The three essential elements in historical studies are human beings, space, and time. Human beings are the actors or subjects of events, space refers to the location where an event occurs, and time is used to mark when an event occurs.

Why is the role of humans significant in historical events?

The role of humans is significant because they are the ones who perform actions that constitute historical events. Their actions, such as hunting and gathering food in prehistoric times, are what we study in history, not events like the time of the dinosaurs when humans did not exist.

Can you explain the concept of 'space' in historical events mentioned in the script?

In historical events, 'space' refers to the specific location where an event takes place. It provides clarity that the event indeed happened and was real. For example, the Proclamation of Independence in Indonesia occurred at Bung Karno's house on Jalan Pegangsaan Timur No. 56, Jakarta.

What is the importance of the concept of 'time' in history?

The concept of 'time' in history is important as it helps to denote when events occurred. It includes the continuity of time within specific boundaries and the unity of time across the past, present, and future, which is essential for understanding the sequence and duration of historical events.

What are the three ways of thinking in historical studies mentioned in the script?

The three ways of thinking in historical studies mentioned are chronological thinking, diachronic thinking, and synchronic thinking. Chronological thinking follows the order of events in time, diachronic thinking crosses time to examine events, and synchronic thinking focuses on understanding events in depth at a particular time.

What does 'chronological thinking' mean in the context of historical studies?

Chronological thinking, derived from the Greek words 'chronos' meaning time and 'logos' meaning explanation or science, refers to thinking in a sequence according to the order of events as they occurred in time.

Can you provide an example of 'diachronic thinking' from the script?

An example of 'diachronic thinking' from the script is the study of the Diponegoro War, which lasted from 1825 to 1830. It involves examining the event in its time sequence without delving into the details of each year, focusing on the broad outline of the event.

What is 'synchronic thinking' and how does it differ from 'diachronic thinking'?

Synchronic thinking, derived from the Greek words 'syn' meaning with and 'chronos' meaning time, focuses on understanding events in all their aspects at a particular time, such as patterns, symptoms, and characteristics. It differs from diachronic thinking, which is more focused on the time and period of events and their long-term nature.

Why is 'synchronic thinking' often used in social sciences?

Synchronic thinking is often used in social sciences because it allows for a deeper understanding of events by examining all aspects of them at a particular time, which is essential for disciplines like political science, economics, sociology, and anthropology.

What is the script's purpose in discussing the different ways of thinking in historical studies?

The script's purpose in discussing the different ways of thinking is to enhance the understanding of historical events by providing insights into how to approach them from various perspectives, such as sequence, time crossing, and in-depth analysis at a particular time.