DI TII ACEH | MATERI SEJARAH INDONESIA KELAS 12

Summary

Welcome to the Grade 12 Indonesian History class! In this video, we explore the DI/TII rebellion in Aceh. Starting with the dissatisfaction of Daud Beureueh over Aceh's reduced status from province to residency, the video delves into the events leading to the rebellion, the significant actions taken, and the eventual peaceful resolution. Key highlights include the 1953 proclamation of the Islamic State of Indonesia in Aceh and the eventual peace through the Aceh Reconciliation Council in 1962. Join us as we journey through this crucial historical episode.

Takeaways

• 📜 The video discusses the DI/TII Aceh rebellion, which started with Kartosuwiryo's proclamation in West Java in August.
• 🗺️ The movement to establish an Islamic state spread throughout Indonesia, including Aceh.
• 🗣️ Daud Beureueh, a charismatic leader in Aceh, played a central role in the rebellion due to his dissatisfaction with Aceh's reduced status from a province to a residency.
• 📉 The discontent arose when Aceh's status as a province was revoked without central government approval, following Sjafruddin Prawiranegara's unauthorized actions.
• ✈️ During Soekarno's 1948 visit, Aceh supported Indonesia's war efforts against the Dutch with the expectation of autonomy to implement Islamic law, a promise that went unfulfilled.
• 📃 Daud Beureueh's frustration grew after rumors of a secret document ordering the killing of 300 Acehnese leaders, including ulama, in 1953.
• 💣 The rebellion began on December 20, 1953, with the proclamation of the Islamic State of Indonesia by Daud Beureueh and the takeover of towns in Aceh.
• 🌲 The DI/TII Aceh operated from the forests, continuing guerrilla warfare until 1962.
• 🕊️ Efforts for a peaceful resolution included the 1957 Lamteh declaration and a 1959 promise of special autonomy for Aceh, but Daud Beureueh initially rejected these.
• 🏵️ Peace was finally achieved in December 1962 with the Musyawarah Kerukunan Rakyat Aceh, leading to Aceh's recognition as a special region with the right to implement Islamic law.

Q & A

What is the main topic of the video script?

The main topic of the video script is the uprising of DI TII Aceh, discussing its background, the course of the rebellion, and its conclusion.

Who is Daud Beureueh and what role did he play in the DI TII Aceh uprising?

Daud Beureueh is a charismatic figure who served as a civil, religious, and military leader in maintaining the independence of Aceh. He became the central figure of the DI TII Aceh uprising, leading to the proclamation of the Islamic State of Indonesia.

What was the initial cause of Daud Beureueh's dissatisfaction that led to the uprising?

Daud Beureueh's dissatisfaction initially stemmed from Aceh's status being downgraded to a special region of North Sumatra and the unfulfilled promises made by President Soekarno during his visit to Aceh in 1948.

What was the 'Konversi Bundar' and how did it affect the status of Aceh?

The 'Konversi Bundar' refers to the Round Table Conference agreement between Indonesia and the Netherlands. It led to the formation of the United States of Indonesia, which did not recognize Aceh's status as a province, eventually integrating it into North Sumatra as a special region.

What were the two conditions set by Daud Beureueh for supporting the war against the Dutch?

The two conditions were that the war against the Dutch should be a holy war to uphold Islam, and that Aceh should be free to implement Islamic law (sharia).

What was the significance of the 'Ikrar Lamteh' agreement?

The 'Ikrar Lamteh' was an agreement that included a ceasefire and a search for the best solution for Aceh. However, it led to a split as Daud Beureueh remained unwilling to make peace with the government.

How did the government attempt to resolve the DI TII Aceh rebellion?

The government attempted to resolve the rebellion through a more persuasive approach known as 'Jalan Damai', which involved negotiations and the promise of special region status for Aceh.

What was the outcome of the 'Musyawarah Kerukunan Rakyat Aceh' initiated by Pangdam 1 Iskandar Muda, M Jasin?

The 'Musyawarah Kerukunan Rakyat Aceh' resulted in Daud Beureueh accepting peace with the government, and Aceh was granted autonomy as a special region, allowing the implementation of Islamic law as a regional regulation.

What was the impact of the DI TII Aceh rebellion on the region's autonomy and religious law?

The rebellion led to Aceh being recognized as a special region with autonomy, allowing it to implement Islamic law as a regional regulation, setting it apart from other provinces in Indonesia.

What can be inferred about the relationship between the central government and Aceh during the period of the DI TII Aceh rebellion?

The relationship between the central government and Aceh was strained, marked by unfulfilled promises, disagreements over Aceh's status, and a struggle for autonomy and the implementation of Islamic law.