Gonadotropins | Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
Summary
TLDRIn this educational video, Dr. Mike explains the crucial role of gonadotropins, hormones produced by the brain, in both male and female reproductive systems. He describes how the hypothalamus and pituitary gland regulate the production of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). For females, these hormones stimulate the maturation of eggs and ovulation, leading to the production of estrogen and progesterone, which prepare the uterus for implantation. In males, FSH and LH stimulate the production of androgen binding protein and testosterone, respectively, essential for sperm production. The video provides a clear understanding of the complex hormonal interactions that drive human reproduction.
Takeaways
- 🧠 The hypothalamus and pituitary gland, particularly the anterior lobe, are crucial for producing gonadotropins.
- 🚼 'Gonado' in gonadotropins refers to the reproductive organs, while 'tropins' indicates these hormones travel to the gonads to stimulate hormone release.
- 🌟 There are two main gonadotropins: Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH), named for their roles in the female reproductive system.
- 🌿 FSH's role is to stimulate the maturation of primary follicles into secondary follicles, which then produce estrogen.
- 🥚 LH triggers ovulation, where a mature egg is released from the ovary into the fallopian tubes for potential fertilization.
- 🟡 After ovulation, the remaining cells form the corpus luteum, which produces progesterone.
- 🤰 Both estrogen and progesterone are essential for preparing the uterine lining for implantation of a fertilized egg or blastocyst.
- 🧬 In the male reproductive system, FSH stimulates Sertoli cells to produce Androgen Binding Protein (ABP).
- 🏋️♂️ LH stimulates Leydig cells (interstitial cells) to produce testosterone, the male sex hormone.
- 🔗 ABP binds with testosterone to facilitate sperm production.
- 🔄 Gonadotropins play a vital role in both the male and female reproductive systems, with FSH and LH influencing hormone production and reproductive processes.
Q & A
What is the role of gonadotropins in the reproductive system?
-Gonadotropins are hormones produced by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland that play a crucial role in both the male and female reproductive systems by stimulating the gonads to release hormones.
Which part of the brain is responsible for producing gonadotropins?
-The anterior lobe of the pituitary gland, which is a projection of the hypothalamus, is responsible for producing gonadotropins.
What are the two main types of gonadotropins mentioned in the script?
-The two main types of gonadotropins are Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH).
How does FSH affect the female reproductive system?
-FSH stimulates the primary follicle to become a secondary follicle, which then produces estrogen and eventually leads to the maturation of the follicle for ovulation.
What is the primary function of LH in the female reproductive system?
-LH stimulates ovulation, causing the mature egg to be released from the ovary into the fallopian tubes for potential fertilization.
What happens after LH triggers ovulation in the female reproductive system?
-After ovulation, the remaining cells form the corpus luteum, which produces progesterone to prepare the uterine lining for implantation.
How do estrogen and progesterone contribute to pregnancy in the female reproductive system?
-Estrogen and progesterone are responsible for endometrial thickening, which prepares the uterus for the implantation of a fertilized egg or blastocyst.
What is the role of FSH in the male reproductive system?
-FSH stimulates Sertoli cells in the seminiferous tubules of the testes to produce Androgen Binding Protein (ABP), which is involved in sperm production.
What does LH stimulate in the male reproductive system?
-LH stimulates Leydig cells (also known as interstitial cells) in the testes to produce testosterone, which is essential for sperm production.
How do ABP and testosterone work together in the male reproductive system?
-ABP binds to testosterone, and together they facilitate the production of sperm in the seminiferous tubules of the testes.
Can you summarize the overall function of gonadotropins in both male and female reproductive systems?
-In the female reproductive system, gonadotropins stimulate the maturation of the follicle and ovulation, and prepare the uterus for implantation. In the male reproductive system, they stimulate the production of ABP and testosterone, which are essential for sperm production.
Outlines
🧠 Hormonal Control of Reproduction
Dr. Mike introduces the concept of gonadotropins, hormones produced by the brain that play a crucial role in the reproductive systems of both males and females. The hypothalamus and pituitary gland are highlighted as key structures, with a focus on the anterior lobe of the pituitary where gonadotropins are produced. The two primary gonadotropins, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), are explained in the context of their functions in the female reproductive system, including the maturation of eggs and the preparation for ovulation.
🌟 The Role of Gonadotropins in Female Reproduction
This paragraph delves into the specifics of how FSH and LH influence the female reproductive system. FSH is described as stimulating the development of primary to secondary follicles in the ovaries, which in turn produce estrogen. LH is then highlighted for its role in triggering ovulation and the formation of the corpus luteum, which produces progesterone. The paragraph explains how estrogen and progesterone work together to prepare the uterine lining for potential fertilization and implantation.
🚹🚺 Gonadotropins in Male and Female Reproductive Systems
The final paragraph synthesizes the information on gonadotropins' roles in both male and female reproductive systems. In females, LH is associated with ovulation and the production of progesterone by the corpus luteum, which prepares the uterus for implantation. In males, FSH stimulates Sertoli cells to produce androgen binding protein (ABP), while LH stimulates Leydig cells to produce testosterone. The combination of ABP and testosterone leads to sperm production. The paragraph concludes by summarizing the协同 functions of these hormones in preparing the reproductive environments for successful fertilization and the beginning of life.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Gonadotropins
💡Hypothalamus
💡Pituitary Gland
💡Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
💡Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
💡Ovary
💡Estrogen
💡Progesterone
💡Testes
💡Seminiferous Tubules
💡Androgen Binding Protein (ABP)
💡Testosterone
Highlights
Dr. Mike discusses the crucial role of gonadotropins in the male and female reproductive systems.
Gonadotropins are produced by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland.
Gonadotropins include Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH).
FSH and LH are named for their roles in the female reproductive system.
FSH stimulates the maturation of primordial follicles into primary follicles in the ovary.
Secondary follicles develop from primary follicles under the influence of FSH, producing estrogen.
LH triggers ovulation, releasing the mature egg into the fallopian tubes.
After ovulation, the remaining cells form the corpus luteum, which produces progesterone.
Progesterone and estrogen prepare the uterine lining for potential fertilization and implantation.
In the male reproductive system, FSH stimulates Sertoli cells to produce ABP, an androgen binding protein.
LH stimulates Leydig cells to produce testosterone, the male sex hormone.
The combination of ABP and testosterone in the male reproductive system facilitates sperm production.
Gonadotropins play a pivotal role in both the preparation of the uterus and sperm production.
The video provides a clear distinction between the functions of FSH and LH in both male and female systems.
The process of ovulation and the formation of the corpus luteum are key to understanding the menstrual cycle.
The video simplifies complex hormonal interactions with visual aids and clear explanations.
Understanding gonadotropins is essential for grasping the basics of human reproduction.
Transcripts
hi everybody dr mike here in this video
i want to discuss the really important
role
that the gonadotropins a set of hormones
produced by the brain
what role they play in both the male and
female reproductive systems
so to begin with we know that there is a
part of the brain called the
hypothalamus and there is a projection
of the hypothalamus called the pituitary
gland
and it has an anterior and posterior
lobe
we're going to focus on the anterior
lobe of the pituitary gland because that
is where
the gonadotropins are produced so
the gonadotropins
gonado tropins firstly
gonad is referring to the male and
female
reproductive organs so for the males
testes females ovaries
tropins tells you that this hormone or
these hormones
are going to travel to these tissues the
gonads and tell them to release more
hormones
all right now what are the
gernadotropins the gonadotropins are
follicle stimulating hormone
so it's follicle
stimulating
hormone
also known as fsh and
luteinizing hormone also known as
lh now
these two gonadotropins follicle
stimulating hormone luteinizing hormone
they're named after what they do in the
female reproductive system
so let's focus on that one first so what
do they do all right
firstly let's look at follicle
stimulating hormone and we know they
play their role at the
ovary so let's draw an ovary up here
and what we need to know is that every
month
through the menstrual cycle the
reproductive cycle what's happening
is that there are these primordial
follicles
so there's a whole number of eggs and
they need to begin to mature
now what you're going to find is that
around about 14 days of this cycle
an egg will be ovulated this egg will be
taking up
into the uterine tubes or the fallopian
tubes
and we'll be waiting for fertilization
for a sperm to come along
now in order for this process to happen
you're going to have a number
of primordial oocytes
that will turn into something called a
primary follicle so this is a primary
follicle
right here now the primary follicle will
be frozen it's stuck there until
follicle stimulating hormone comes along
that's unsurprising right
it's named after what it does it
stimulates the follicle so follicle
stimulating hormone comes along
and stimulates the primary follicle to
turn into something called a
secondary follicle and this secondary
follicle
will start to grow and develop a number
of different cells
around it now these cells
are going to produce a hormone called
estrogen really important estrogen
that's the first thing the second thing
is that this secondary
follicle is going to begin to turn into
a more mature or graphene follicle
and this more mature follicle
is going to really start to thicken up
these cells
now these cells are called granular
cells or thicker cells they're going to
start to thicken up
really pump out that estrogen but now
we're at around about day 14
and something needs to happen that egg
inside needs to be ovulated
this is where luteinizing hormone comes
along luteinizing hormone
stimulates ovulation this egg
then becomes then gets ovulated and it's
going to ovulate into the fallopian
tubes
right now the thing is this once
luteinizing hormones told that egg to
ovulate
these cells remain now we said that
follicle stimulating hormone
stimulates the follicles what does
luteinizing hormone do
so lutein means yellow luteinizing means
to make something yellow
what happens is these cells that are now
remaining so there's a little
group of cells that are now remaining
they start to
become yellow and they are called the
corpus
luteum corpus meaning body lutein
meaning
yellow now haven't drawn it up as yellow
but it is and what these cells
do is they start to produce progesterone
so what have we found we've found that
follicle stimulating hormones stimulate
a primary follicle to go to a secondary
follicle
and that produces estrogen luteinizing
hormone
tells the egg to ovulate and
the remaining cells called the corpus
luteum
produce progesterone what does both
estrogen and progesterone do
they prepare the uterine lining for
implantation so
uterus preparation endometrial
thickening
starts to become more vascular starts to
thicken and this is going to obviously
be
beneficial for egg implantation or some
fertilized blastocyst implantation let's
now focus on what's happening in d
so again let's just label this because
this is the ovary this is going to be
female
let's now have a look at what's
happening in the male reproductive
system
so we're going to have a testy not an
ovary we're going to have a testing
and in the testy we're going to have
something called seminiferous tubules
this is where sperm is produced and
that's going to give you an indication
as to
what these two particular hormones are
going to do so what we're going to find
is in the test
we're going to look inside the test is
we're going to have a look inside the
seminiferous tubules and it's going to
be a hollow
tube like this what you're going to find
is there's a couple of different
types of cells all right first type of
cell
is going to be a group of cells that sit
inside this
tube like this these cells are called
sustentacular sustain
tacular cells also known as sertoli
cells
really important then there's going to
be a group of cells that sit outside
the tubules they're called interstitial
cells
into cells also known as
lady cells all right what happens
follicle stimulating hormone
gets released what does follicle
stimulating hormone do
follicle stimulating hormone stimulates
the setoli cells all right
what does it stimulate the setoli cells
to do stimulates them to produce
something
what does it stimulate them to produce
something called
a b p abp
is androgen binding protein androgen
binding protein all right what does
luteinizing hormone do i'll tell you
what it does in a sec
luteinizing hormone stimulates the
leydig cell so
think of the l in luteinizing
stimulating the lady
cells and what do they produce they
produce testosterone
testosterone all right here's the thing
androgen an androgen is a male sex
hormone testosterone is the male
sex hormone antigen binding protein so
it must bind to testosterone and that's
exactly what it does
abp and testosterone bind together
and what do they do together they start
to produce
sperm so what do we have we've got
estrogen and progesterone
preparing the endometrium or the uterus
for implantation
and abp and testosterone producing sperm
so luteinizing hormone stimulates latex
cells to produce testosterone
follicle stimulating hormones stimulates
setoly cells to produce
abp there's going to be a quick and easy
way to present this now
let's have a look what we can now do
is take this information that we've
learnt
we can say all right here's
male reproductive system his female
reproductive system follicle stimulating
hormone
for the male reproductive system
follicle stimulating hormone
for the female reproductive system what
did it do let's start with female
stimulated primary
to secondary follicle
then what did that secondary follicle do
it produced
estrogen
what about in the male reproductive
system follicle stimulating hormone
stimulated what cell type was it it was
the
was it interstitial was it certainly it
was cetoli
stimulated the setoli cells
and these setoli cells produced do you
remember what it was androgen
binding protein a
b p luteinizing hormone
luteinizing hormone stimulated ovulation
in the female reproductive system
and that corpus luteum that was
remaining what did that
so led to a corpus luteum
what did that corpus luteum do it
produced
progesterone
what about in the male reproductive
system luteinizing hormone
latex cells what did the lady cells do
testosterone
testosterone and
together what did these two do
sperm production
and what did these two do in the female
reproductive system
prepare the uterus
so there we go this is the role that the
gonadotropins
fsh and lh play in the male and female
reproductive systems
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