MODAL AUXILIARY - CAN, COULD, WILL, SHOULD, MAY, MUST (ABILITY, ADVICE) - MATERI KELAS 8

Summary

This English lesson focuses on the use of modal verbs, which are auxiliary verbs that express ability, permission, obligation, and possibility. Key modals such as 'can', 'may', 'must', 'will', and 'should' are explained with practical examples of their usage in sentences. The lesson covers the rules of modal verbs, including their consistency across subjects, their requirement to be followed by the base verb, and how to form questions and negations. Learners are introduced to various ways to express permission, possibility, advice, and obligation in everyday English.

Takeaways

• 😀 Modal verbs are auxiliary verbs that add meaning to the main verb in a sentence.
• 😀 Common modal verbs include 'can', 'will', 'must', 'may', 'should', and others.
• 😀 'Can' expresses ability, permission, or possibility, e.g., 'I can speak English.'
• 😀 'May' and 'might' express possibility or permission, e.g., 'May I borrow your book?'
• 😀 'Must' and 'have to' express obligation, but 'must' is a self-imposed obligation, while 'have to' is an external obligation.
• 😀 'Will' expresses future intent or prediction, e.g., 'I will go to school tomorrow.'
• 😀 'Should' suggests advice or expectation, e.g., 'You should rest.'
• 😀 Modal verbs are always followed by the base form of the verb, not conjugated forms.
• 😀 Modal verbs do not change according to the subject; they remain the same regardless of whether the subject is singular or plural.
• 😀 Negative forms of modal verbs are created by adding 'not' (e.g., 'cannot', 'must not').
• 😀 Modal verbs cannot be combined with other modal verbs in a single sentence. Instead, certain modal combinations need rephrasing, such as 'will be able to' instead of 'will can'.

Q & A

What are modal verbs in English?

Modal verbs are auxiliary verbs that provide additional meaning or function in a sentence, such as expressing ability, permission, obligation, possibility, and willingness.

How does the modal verb 'can' function in a sentence?

'Can' expresses ability (e.g., 'I can swim'), permission (e.g., 'Can I borrow your book?'), and possibility (e.g., 'It can rain tomorrow'). The negative form 'cannot' expresses inability (e.g., 'I cannot lift this box').

What is the difference between 'must' and 'have to'?

'Must' indicates an obligation from the speaker's perspective (e.g., 'You must finish your homework'), while 'have to' refers to an obligation imposed by an external source (e.g., 'You have to attend the meeting').

What does the modal verb 'may' express?

'May' expresses permission (e.g., 'May I leave now?') and possibility (e.g., 'It may snow tomorrow'). The negative form 'may not' indicates prohibition (e.g., 'You may not use your phone here').

What is the structure for forming positive sentences with modal verbs?

In positive sentences, the structure is: Subject + Modal Verb + Base Verb (e.g., 'She can sing').

What is the role of 'will' in English?

'Will' is used to express future actions (e.g., 'I will help you'), willingness (e.g., 'I will do it for you'), and predictions (e.g., 'It will rain soon'). The negative form 'won't' is used to indicate refusal or future negation (e.g., 'I won't go').

How do 'should' and 'must' differ in expressing obligation?

'Should' expresses a suggestion or mild obligation (e.g., 'You should rest'), while 'must' indicates a stronger or more urgent obligation (e.g., 'You must complete the task').

Can modal verbs be combined in a sentence?

No, modal verbs cannot be combined in a sentence. For example, 'I will can help' is incorrect; the correct form would be 'I will be able to help.'

What is the rule regarding modals and the base verb form?

After a modal verb, the main verb should always be in its base form (e.g., 'She can sing'), without any added suffixes like 'ing' or 'ed'.

What is the structure for asking questions using modal verbs?

In question sentences with modals, the structure is: Modal Verb + Subject + Base Verb (e.g., 'Can you help me?').