Autocatalytic Production of Ethylene
Summary
TLDRThis video explores the autocatalytic production of ethylene, a gaseous plant hormone crucial for fruit ripening and plant growth. Ethylene, a colorless and odorless hydrocarbon, has both beneficial and harmful effects on plants, promoting growth while also making fruits more susceptible to pathogens. It regulates physiological processes, aids in fruit ripening, induces feminization, and stimulates sprouting in tubers and seeds. The video also discusses ethylene's functions, including growth stimulation, gravity reduction, and abscission, as well as the ripening patterns of climacteric and nonclimacteric fruits. Finally, it highlights the impact of ethylene on plant growth, fruit ripening, and shelf life, emphasizing its significance in agricultural practices.
Takeaways
- 🌱 Ethylene is a gaseous plant hormone that plays a crucial role in the ripening process of fruits and the production of flowers.
- 🍎 Ethylene is known for its dual role, being beneficial in promoting plant growth and harmful as it makes fruits more susceptible to pathogens during ripening.
- 🔬 Ethylene is a colorless and odorless hydrocarbon with various applications in the agricultural industry, both as a promoter and inhibitor of plant growth.
- 🌼 Ethylene regulates physiological processes and is used as a plant growth regulator, affecting the growth and other functions of plants.
- 🍌 Ethylene is used for color development and ripening of fruits like bananas, mangoes, and apples.
- 🌺 It induces the production of female flowers and the feminizing effect in plants, as well as early sprouting in tubers and seeds.
- 🌳 Ethylene stimulates horizontal growth and inhibits vertical growth, reducing the sensitivity to gravity and causing stems to become positively geotropic.
- 🥀 It speeds up senescence, which is the loss of cells' power of division and growth, leading to the natural detachment of flowers and leaves from the plant.
- 🍍 Ethylene induces flowering in plants like pineapple and mango, and also causes fading of flowers.
- 🍏 It induces artificial ripening of climacteric fruits such as bananas, mangoes, and apples, and breaks the dormancy of seeds, promoting the growth of buds and storage organs.
- 🌳 Ethylene affects apical dominance by prolonging dormancy of lateral buds and promoting the main stem to dominate over side stems, as seen in pine trees and sunflowers.
Q & A
What is ethylene and what role does it play in plants and fruits?
-Ethylene is a gaseous plant hormone that is crucial for inducing the ripening process of many fruits and the production of flowers and fruits. It works alongside other hormones and signals to regulate plant growth and fruit ripening.
What are the beneficial and harmful effects of ethylene on plants?
-The beneficial effect of ethylene is that it induces plant growth, while its harmful effect is that it can make fruits more susceptible to pathogens as they ripen.
What are some of the important uses of ethylene in agriculture?
-Ethylene is used as a plant growth regulator, for color development and ripening of fruits like bananas and mangoes, and to induce the feminizing effect in plants, such as the production of female flowers and inducing fruits. It's also applied to tubers and seeds to induce early sprouting.
How does ethylene affect the growth and development of plants?
-Ethylene stimulates horizontal growth and the swelling of the plant axis while inhibiting growth in the longitudinal direction. It also reduces sensitivity to gravity, causing stems to become positively geotropic and leaves and flowers to droop towards the ground.
What is the autocatalytic process and how is it related to ethylene production?
-An autocatalytic process is a chemical reaction where the product acts as a catalyst for the process, producing more of itself. In the case of ethylene, it reacts with other substances to produce more ethylene, which is known as autocatalytic production.
What are the two patterns of fruit ripening and how do they differ in terms of ethylene production?
-Fruits are divided into climacteric and nonclimacteric. Climacteric fruits can ripen after harvest and have an increased rate of ethylene production during ripening. Nonclimacteric fruits cannot ripen after harvest and do not have a peak in ethylene production or respiration during ripening.
How does ethylene impact the shelf life and storage capacity of fruits?
-Ethylene increases the ripening process of fruits, making them more susceptible to pathogens and reducing their shelf life. As fruits ripen, their flesh becomes softer, which also decreases their storage capacity.
What is the significance of ethylene in the ripening of climacteric fruits?
-In climacteric fruits, ethylene triggers a burst of biosynthesis and an increased rate of respiration during ripening. The production of ethylene in these fruits is autocatalytic, meaning an initial concentration of ethylene causes an increase in its own production.
How does ethylene influence the natural detachment of flowers and leaves from plants?
-Ethylene stimulates abscission, which is the natural detachment of flowers, leaves, and other parts of the plant. This process is also known as thinning flowering and helps to promote the growth of other fruits.
What are some examples of climacteric and nonclimacteric fruits?
-Climacteric fruits include bananas, mangoes, and apples, which can ripen after harvest and have a peak in ethylene production. Nonclimacteric fruits such as raspberries, oranges, strawberries, grapes, cherries, lemons, peppers, and cashews cannot ripen after harvest and do not have a peak in ethylene production.
How does ethylene affect the ripening process of climacteric fruits?
-In climacteric fruits, once ethylene is produced, it induces the ripening process and promotes biosynthesis. The production of ethylene grows faster once it is produced, leading to a rapid ripening process.
Outlines
🍏 Ethylene: The Dual Role in Plant and Fruit Development
This paragraph delves into the role of ethylene, a gaseous plant hormone, in the growth and ripening of plants and fruits. Ethylene is described as a hydrocarbon that is colorless and odorless, with significant applications in the agricultural industry. It can both promote and inhibit plant growth, being best known for its ripening effect on fruits. The paragraph outlines the beneficial and harmful effects of ethylene, such as inducing plant growth and making fruits more susceptible to pathogens. It also lists the important uses of ethylene, including its role as a plant growth regulator, in color development and ripening of fruits like bananas and mangoes, and in inducing the production of female flowers and early sprouting in tubers and seeds. Additionally, it discusses ethylene's functions in plant growth, gravity response, cell division, and the natural detachment of flowers and leaves.
🔁 Autocatalytic Ethylene Production and Its Impact on Fruit Ripening
The second paragraph explores the concept of autocatalytic processes, particularly focusing on the autocatalytic production of ethylene. It explains that autocatalysis involves a reaction where the product acts as a catalyst, leading to the production of more of the same product. In the context of ethylene, this means that ethylene itself can trigger further production. The paragraph differentiates between climacteric and nonclimacteric fruits, with climacteric fruits being able to ripen after harvest due to an increase in ethylene production and respiration rates, while nonclimacteric fruits do not show this peak and must be harvested ripe. The autocatalytic nature of ethylene in climacteric fruits is highlighted, where an initial concentration of ethylene leads to an increased production. The paragraph concludes by discussing the impact of ethylene on fruits, including increased susceptibility to pathogens, the induction of ripening, and the reduction in shelf life and storage capacity as fruits ripen and soften.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡ethylene
💡autocatalytic production
💡climacteric fruits
💡nonclimacteric fruits
💡plant growth regulator
💡color development
💡feminizing effect
💡absis
💡apical dominance
💡shelf life
💡storage capacity
Highlights
Ethylene is a gaseous plant hormone crucial for ripening fruits and promoting flower and fruit production.
Ethylene C2H4 is a colorless, odorless hydrocarbon with various applications in agriculture.
It can have both beneficial and harmful effects on plant growth and development.
Ethylene is best known for its ripening effect on fruits.
It regulates physiological processes and is used as a plant growth regulator.
Ethylene is used for color development and ripening of fruits like bananas and mangoes.
It induces feminizing effects, such as the production of female flowers and fruit induction.
Ethylene is applied to tubers and seeds to induce early sprouting.
Ethylene stimulates horizontal growth and inhibits longitudinal growth.
It reduces sensitivity to gravity, causing stems to become positively geotropic and leaves to droop.
Ethylene speeds up senescence, the loss of cells' power to divide and grow.
It stimulates abscission, the natural detachment of flowers and leaves from the plant.
Ethylene induces flowering in plants like pineapple and mango.
It causes fading of flowers and promotes ripening in climacteric fruits like bananas and apples.
Ethylene breaks dormancy in seeds, inducing the growth of buds and storage organs.
Apical dominance is prolonged by ethylene, promoting the main stem to dominate over side stems.
Autocatalytic process involves the product acting as a catalyst for its own production.
Autocatalytic production of ethylene is where ethylene reacts to produce more ethylene.
Fruits are divided into climacteric and nonclimacteric based on their ripening patterns.
Climacteric fruits can ripen after harvest and show an increase in ethylene production.
Nonclimacteric fruits do not show a peak in ethylene production or respiration during ripeening.
Ethylene impacts plant growth by making fruits more susceptible to pathogen attacks.
It induces the ripening process in climacteric fruits, promoting faster biosynthesis.
Ethylene decreases the shelf life and storage capacity of fruits as they ripen and soften.
Transcripts
[Applause]
[Music]
in this video we're going to talk about
autocatalytic production of ethylene
specifically on plants and
fruits what is ethylene ethylene is a
gaseous plant hormone that plays an
important role in inducing the ripening
process of many fruits and for the
production of more flowers and fruit
together with other hormones and signals
so ethylene plays an important role in
the growth of plants and the ripening of
its fruits including the production of
flowers ethylene c24 is a small
hydrocarbon which is colorless and
odorless it this gaseous phyto hormone
that is produced by plants has various
valuable applic ation in the
agricultural
industry it can be both beneficial and
harmful because it promotes an an
inhibit plant growth and development at
various stages in a plant's life it is
however best known for its ripening
effect on fruit so it can be harmful or
beneficial for example The Beneficial
effect of ethylene is it induces the
plant growth whereas its harmful effect
is that it makes the fruit to become
more susceptible to pathogens at as it
ripens the following are some of the
important uses of
ethylene number one it regulates a
number of physiological processes and
hence is used as a plant growth
regulator so it has a f it is a factor
in the growth of plants that's why it's
used to regulate its growth and other
physiological functions of
plants number two ethylene Lambs are
used for color development and ripening
of fruits such as bananas and mango and
also Apple ETC number three it induces
the feminizing effect in Plants
feminizing effects such as the
production of female flowers in plant
and inducing of fruits
it is also applied to ryms tubers and
seeds to induce early sprouting in them
so as what I have said ethylene induces
the plant growth of plants so it is used
to as an inducer to sprout the ryom
tubers and other
seeds it is used also for thining excess
flowers and young fruits such as walnuts
Cher cherry and cotton so thinning of
excess flowers is the natural Detachment
of flowers and also young fruits in
order to permit other fruits to grow
more
rapidly so what are the functions of
ethylene number one is growth ethylene
stimulates horizontal growth and the
swelling of the axis it inhibits the
growth in the longit longitudinal
Direction
number two is gravity it reduces the
sensitivity to gravity the stems become
positively geotropic and the leaves and
flowers undergo drooping or the bending
or the bending of stems towards towards
the ground due to
gravity number three is cense it speeds
up the sense of flowers and leaves
or
what do we call the loss of cells power
of division and growth so if the cells
undergo cense it l it losses its ability
to reproduce because it does not have
more power to grow anymore and absis
ethylin stimulates the absis of flowers
leaves and other parts of
plant obis means the natural ual
Detachment of flowers and leaves from
the plant this is what we call the
process of
thinning flowering ethylin induces
flowering in plants like pineapple mango
in some plants it also causes fading of
flowers next is the ripening of
fruit ripening induces ethylin induces
artificial ripening of climacteric
fruits such as banana mango Apple Etc
breaking
dorcy it breaks the dorcy of seeds or it
breaks the inactive state of seeds
inducing plant inducing the growth of
the buds and sto and storage
organs and lastly the appical dominance
which is which it prolongs dorcy of
lateral Buds and promotes opical
dominance or in other words it permits
the main stem
to dominate over the appical or the side
Twigs or side Twigs or side stems of the
plant example of this is the pine pine
trees and
sunflower what is autocatalytic
process it is a chemical reaction
process in which the product becomes a
catalyst for the process this means that
the product of the reaction reacts on
its own to produce the same same
reaction autocatalytic production of
ethylene is a production in which the
ethylene reacts to produce another
ethylene it it means that when an
ethylene production it reacts to another
to other substance in order to produce
another
ethylene fruit rening patterns so we
have two we have two patterns
in
fruits we have climacteric and
nonclimacteric
fruits are generally divided into two in
general terms climacteric fruits can
ripen after harvest whereas
nonclimacteric fruits cannot ripen after
harvest we can see on the graph shown
that the ethylin amount of
nonclimacteric fruits doesn't increase
after harvest therefore therefore it
does not have the capability to ripen
after harvest whereas we can observe in
the non in the clima teric fruits rather
that the ethylin amount after harvest
increases resulting to in to the indu in
the ripening process of the
fruit climacteric fruit ripening is
characterized by an increased rate of
respiration and then a burst of ethylin
biosynthesis during ripening the
production of ethylene in climacteric
fluit is also shown in the
autocatalytic is also known as
autocatalytic which means an initial
concentration of ethylene causes an
increase in production of
ethylene and nonclimacteric
fruits it that fruits these are fruits
that have a different ripening pattern
they do not have a peak of eelin
production or respiration during
ripening thus they need to be harvested
when they are fully ripe some examples
are raspberries oranges strawberries
grapes cherries lemons peppers and
cashews impact of ethylene on fruits
there are three main impact of etheline
and
fruits number one plant growth fruits
become more susceptible to pathogen
attacks as the amount of ethylene
increases number two the ripening of
fruit it induces the ripening process
and promotes biosynthesis in climacteric
fruits once the eulin is produced the
ripening process starts
and the production of ethylin grows
faster once it is
produced and number three shelf life and
storage
capacity decrease it decreases the shelf
life of fruits and decrease the storage
capacity of fruit fruits so as the fruit
ripens it becomes more susceptible to
pathogens therefore decreasing the shelf
life of the fruit and also as the fruit
ripens its flesh becomes softer
therefore you cannot store it on high
levels that's why it decreases the
storage capacity of
fruits that's all thank
you
hola
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