Smooth Operator: Streamlining North American Supply Chains
Summary
TLDR本次讨论会以'Smooth Operator: Streamlining North American Supply Chains'为主题,旨在探讨如何加强北美供应链的韧性并促进投资。来自不同领域的专家,包括制造业、物流、政府和研究机构的代表,就如何利用《美墨加协定》(USMCA)和近岸外包现象来深化三国间的合作进行了深入讨论。讨论涉及了墨西哥吸引外国直接投资的成功经验、供应链的区域整合、劳动力培训、基础设施建设、能源获取、边境管理和交通物流等多个方面。专家们强调了政府与私营部门合作的重要性,并提出了一系列旨在提升墨西哥竞争力和吸引外资的策略和建议。
Takeaways
- 🌐 **供应链安全**:北美经济的供应链安全是至关重要的,美国、加拿大和墨西哥都在积极推动议程,以促进投资并增强关键领域的供应链弹性。
- 🤝 **合作机遇**:探讨如何加强北美三国之间的合作,利用近海外包现象,深化合作,以利用国际贸易提供的机遇。
- 🇲🇽 **墨西哥的优势**:墨西哥拥有与50个国家的自由贸易协定,以及与美国的区域供应链整合,使其在供应链中占有独特地位。
- 📈 **外国直接投资**:墨西哥的外国直接投资稳定性强,自2018年以来新投资显著增长,显示出对墨西哥的长期信任和合作。
- 🛠️ **制造业的重要性**:墨西哥在制造业方面具有比较优势,其地理位置、市场接近性和劳动力质量对外国投资者具有吸引力。
- 🚧 **基础设施建设**:墨西哥需要继续投资基础设施,包括交通、能源、水资源和住房,以支持经济增长和吸引更多的外国直接投资。
- 💼 **劳动力发展**:提高劳动力培训和参与度,尤其是女性劳动力的参与,是墨西哥提高竞争力和吸引投资的关键领域。
- 🛃 **边境效率**:改善边境基础设施和通关流程,减少货物运输的延误,对提高供应链效率至关重要。
- 🚚 **物流挑战**:物流行业面临的挑战包括司机短缺和运输能力限制,需要公私部门合作解决。
- 🌿 **环境可持续性**:随着对环境、社会和治理(ESG)的重视日益增加,墨西哥需要发展可再生能源,以支持新投资并满足国际公司的环保目标。
Q & A
如何加强北美供应链的安全性和弹性?
-北美供应链的安全性和弹性可以通过促进美国、加拿大和墨西哥之间的投资和合作来加强。关键部门的供应链复原力对北美经济至关重要,三国都在积极追求议程以增强这一点。
墨西哥在吸引外国直接投资方面有哪些优势?
-墨西哥拥有与50个国家的自由贸易协定,包括北美以及其他多边和双边协议,这使得墨西哥与贸易伙伴的供应链高度整合。此外,墨西哥的外国直接投资稳定性和新股权投资的增长也是其吸引外资的优势。
新莱昂州如何继续吸引外国直接投资并加强区域供应链?
-新莱昂州通过制定新宪法提供明确的规则和法治,与私营部门合作制定2040年总体规划,以及建设高速公路和提升人力资本等措施来吸引外国直接投资并加强区域供应链。
墨西哥的哪些政策可能会削弱其吸引外国投资的能力?
-墨西哥在能源和矿业等领域的某些国内政策可能会与创造积极商业环境的目标背道而驰,从而削弱其吸引外国投资的能力。
如何提高墨西哥的竞争力并吸引更多的外国直接投资?
-墨西哥可以通过投资于人民的教育、提高劳动力参与度,特别是女性劳动力,以及改善基础设施和减少繁文缛节来提高其竞争力并吸引更多的外国直接投资。
新莱昂州如何平衡大量外国直接投资带来的结构性压力?
-新莱昂州通过投资基础设施,如高速公路、住房、学校和医院,以及与联邦政府合作解决水资源和能源问题,来平衡大量外国直接投资带来的结构性压力。
美国近期的政策,如通胀减少法案和芯片法案,将如何促进北美的生产?
-这些激励措施将鼓励美国公司在墨西哥进行更多的投资,利用近岸外包的趋势,从而加强北美的生产能力和供应链。
墨西哥在提高运输和物流行业的效率方面面临哪些挑战?
-墨西哥在提高运输和物流行业的效率方面面临的挑战包括改善边境基础设施和通关流程,以及解决司机短缺和吸引和留住人才的问题。
如何通过政策改进来促进墨西哥的商业环境?
-通过减少不必要的监管和繁文缛节,提高司法系统的效率,以及挑战和改进那些阻碍商业发展的法规,可以促进墨西哥的商业环境。
墨西哥如何成为发展中国家中外国直接投资的首选目的地?
-墨西哥需要在全球范围内推广自己,利用地缘政治优势,团结一致,抓住近岸外包的机遇,并通过教育和培训提高劳动力的技能,同时改善基础设施和商业环境。
Outlines
😀 供应链优化讨论
本段落介绍了一个名为'Smooth Operator'的专题讨论会,旨在探讨如何优化北美供应链。讨论会由来自不同领域的专家组成,包括政府代表、研究智库、制造业和物流行业的专业人士。他们将共同讨论如何利用USMCA和近海外包的优势,加强供应链的安全性和韧性,促进北美经济的投资和增长。
🌟 新莱昂州的投资吸引力
新莱昂州州长Samuel Garcia讨论了该州如何成功吸引外国直接投资(FDI),并分享了其他墨西哥地区可以复制的成功经验。他强调了确立明确的法规、与私营部门合作制定长期规划、发展经济集群、重视教育和技术发展等方面的重要性。此外,州长还提到了新莱昂州在基础设施建设、人才培养和推广墨西哥方面所做的努力。
🚀 墨西哥的供应链竞争力
来自Milin Institute的Maggie Shreek讨论了墨西哥在供应链和竞争力方面的研究。她指出墨西哥拥有比美国更多的自由贸易协定,这使得墨西哥能够与贸易伙伴紧密整合供应链。此外,墨西哥的外国直接投资稳定性和增长,尤其是在新投资和股本投资方面,显示出墨西哥对美国关键贸易伙伴的吸引力。
🛠️ 近海外包趋势与挑战
Luis L.,美国工业集团的联合总裁,分享了墨西哥作为近海外包目的地的优势,以及目前墨西哥正在经历的投资热潮。他提到,由于中美关系和疫情的影响,墨西哥正在迎来新的投资浪潮。他还强调了墨西哥在地理位置、市场规模和劳动力素质方面的优势。
💼 企业视角下的墨西哥投资环境
Emerson Automation Solutions的副总裁Anoir Baraki从企业角度讨论了墨西哥作为生产和供应基地的优势。他提到,墨西哥的战略重要性不仅因为其庞大的自动化市场,还因为其在疫情期间和地缘政治危机中表现出的韧性。他还强调了墨西哥在本地供应链发展、成本竞争力和环境、社会和治理(ESG)方面的机遇。
🚚 物流行业的挑战与机遇
Schneider National的副总裁Bernardo Rodarte讨论了物流行业在墨西哥面临的挑战,尤其是在贸易增长和新制造业务增加的背景下。他提到了北行和南行流量之间的差距,以及如何通过多式联运和提高运输效率来解决这些挑战。此外,他还强调了改善边境基础设施和促进公私合作的重要性。
🏭 投资增长与基础设施需求
讨论转向了墨西哥如何继续吸引和处理外国直接投资的增长,特别是新莱昂州如何准备迎接这一挑战。州长强调了基础设施的重要性,包括安全、高速公路、住房、仓库和生活质量。他还提到了联邦政府在水和能源方面的支持,以及对可再生能源的需求。
📈 美国政策对北美竞争力的影响
Maggie Shreek分析了美国最近通过的法律,如通胀减少法案和芯片法案,将如何促进北美的生产和供应链。她强调了劳动力培训和女性劳动力参与的重要性,并指出这些政策将为美国公司在墨西哥的投资创造激励。
🛑 墨西哥国内政策对投资的影响
Luis L.讨论了墨西哥的国内政策,特别是能源和矿业领域的政策,可能对吸引投资和提高国家竞争力产生的负面影响。他强调了墨西哥在人员投资、地理位置和制造能力方面的优势,并呼吁共同努力改善商业环境和减少国家风险。
🔍 运输物流行业的未来挑战
Bernardo Rodarte讨论了运输和物流行业面临的挑战,以及他们需要从政府那里获得的支持。他提出了简化海关程序、改善边境基础设施和提高司机职业尊严的建议。他还强调了使用铁路运输作为一种更环保和可持续的运输方式的重要性。
🌐 墨西哥成为顶级投资目的地的策略
最后,小组成员总结了墨西哥需要采取的行动,以成为发展中国家中外国直接投资的首选地。建议包括减少监管、提高司法效率、投资教育和培训、改善基础设施、促进可再生能源的使用,以及改善边境和物流效率。
Mindmap
Keywords
💡供应链
💡近岸外包
💡外国直接投资
💡区域经济
💡物流
💡竞争力
💡可再生能源
💡劳动力
💡基础设施
💡跨境贸易
Highlights
讨论北美洲供应链的强化,特别是近岸外包现象在墨西哥的发展。
新莱昂州州长Samuel Garcia强调了该州吸引外国直接投资的成功经验。
Milin Institute的Maggie Sivitk提到墨西哥与美国贸易伙伴的独特性,包括经济开放度和外国直接投资的稳定性。
American Industries集团的Luis L讨论了墨西哥在吸引外国投资方面的现状和未来趋势。
Emerson Automation Solutions的Anoir Baraki分享了墨西哥作为生产和供应地的优势。
Schneider National的Bernardo Rodarte强调了物流和运输行业在促进贸易中的关键作用。
讨论了墨西哥如何通过改善基础设施、安全性、能源获取和劳动力质量来吸引更多的外国直接投资。
提出了墨西哥需要解决的主要挑战,包括水资源、能源、安全和劳动力发展。
强调了政府和私营部门之间的合作对于提高供应链的韧性和吸引投资的重要性。
讨论了美国最近的政策,如通胀减少法案和芯片法案,对北美洲生产能力的影响。
提出了减少墨西哥国家风险和提高投资者信心的方法。
讨论了墨西哥在能源和采矿等关键领域的政策,以及这些政策对商业环境的影响。
提出了改善交通基础设施和边境通关流程的建议,以适应不断增长的贸易需求。
讨论了劳动力短缺问题,以及如何通过教育和培训提高劳动力的质量和可用性。
提出了通过使用更多铁路运输来提高物流行业的可持续性。
总结了墨西哥为了成为发展中国家中外国直接投资的首选地,需要采取的措施。
Transcripts
[Music]
[Applause]
and it's a real honor for me to moderate
this panel entitled Smooth Operator as
you heard the song of course
streamlining North American Supply
chains the idea for us here is to have
an exciting panel for you we have
representatives from goland from
research and think tanks from people who
are on the ground of in manufacturing
our country and that live the day-today
reality of what it is like to produce to
source and to export and we have
representation from the uh logistic
sector and as well transportation and
the companies that help bringing firms
into Mexico to take advantage of the
opportunities by the usmca and uh near
Shoring so the idea basically is to have
a discussion on how we can strengthen
Supply chains in North America Supply
chains security is a critical factor for
the North American economy the us.
Canada and Mexico all three countries in
the usmca are actively pursuing agendas
to promote investment and enhance supply
chain resilience in key sectors and the
main objective or the messages that we
should come out of in in this panel is
how to explore opportunities for
collaboration to deepen cooperation
between the three countries to take
advantage of the phenomenon of near
Shoring or Ally Shoring and to really uh
take advantage of the opportunities that
International Trade offers of course for
Mexico but for all three countries so I
will quickly introduce our panelist as I
said we have a a First Rate group of
Representatives that are really moving
uh the Mexican economy and analyzing it
of course first and foremost we have
Governor Samuel Garcia from the state of
noo Leon thank you welome Governor good
afternoon
thanks we have Luis l the co-president
of American Industries group that excels
in facilitating foreign investments into
Mexico welcome
L we also have with us Maggie shriek of
The milin Institute she is the director
of regional economics in the milen
institute's research Department welcome
joining us as well is anoir baraki vice
president for Mexico and Northern Latin
Latin American Northern Latin American
for Emerson automation
Solutions
welcome and last but not least my good
friend Bernardo Rodarte who is the VP
and general manager in Mexico for
Schneider
National so the dynamic for today's
panel will be the following we will have
two rounds of questions one each
question directed at each one of the
panelists who will have between three
and five minutes to answer we will do
two rounds of questions and then a
conclusion where we can try to bring
together the ideas as to how to
strengthen supply chain resilience and
promote uh further uh investment into
our region so I would like to start with
Governor Garcia uh it is clear that noon
has been extreme ex successful in
attracting foreign direct investment for
many years and even more so today so
Governor what does your state need to do
to continue attracting FDI and
strengthening Regional Supply chains and
what are the lessons for other regions
of Mexico can this successful noo Leon
formula be replicated in other regions
of our country thank
you for sure it can be replied in all
Mexico I think there are many topics
many key topics that foreign investors
want to have
certainty what we did first was a new
constitution so we have a
very specific rules and rule of law for
investors to have certainty their money
is going to be
safe then with the private Society we
call it
conon we have a master plan to until
2040 that has a guide of what the
government is going to do with the
universities and with the private sector
for implementing a cluster for
economy very very well dep in near
Shoring climate
change and
technology and obviously what
governments are mean to to do safety
connectivity lots of Highways we're
making six more highways to connect
Monteray with
Texas and human labor I think that's the
Clue the most important asset of nevon
is that we are
graduating 50,000 Engineers with good
English and they're willing to work in
these kind of companies like Tesla
foxcon quanta so now everything arranged
together it's a perfect scenario for
these big companies to to settle but at
last and not least is to promote our
state and our country it's amazing
how many times Mexicans talk bad or make
so much noise about our country even
than
foreigners once foreigners come and
visit our cities our country and take
for sure the opportunities we have
there's a
100% U certainty that are going to to
invest in Mexico we we have everything
we are the closest country to the
biggest Market the US market we have
NAFTA that's for the next 30
Years in in law in in bger and so I
think that the opportunities are now
worldwide and it's necessary for
governments to go for them they're not
going to come alone to our country to
our state so I think many states
they can reply the noons model and with
some luck they can get these big
companies these big Investments Now noon
is closing in office these two years $
37
billion and around 76% of new sharing
and I'm certain that Mexico can do even
more in the next 10 15 years with the
insuring process thank you very much
Governor I will now turn to Maggi fitek
uh The milkin Institute has done a lot
of great research on Supply chains and
competitiveness and it would be great if
you could share some thoughts on that
and in particular what makes Mexico
unique among specifically the United
States trading partners and what are the
remaining areas of Mexico's untapped
growth potential as far as
competitiveness which leads of course to
attraction of investment so yes
absolutely so in terms of what makes
Mexico unique I would say there are two
things first economic openness so Mexico
has free trade agreements with more
countries than the United States it has
free trade agreements with 50 countries
and these are countries that include
obviously North America but multiple
bilateral agreements with countries in
the South and Center of America Asia um
and and the European Union of course and
what this allows for is very strong
integration of the supply chains with
its trade Partners so what its economic
uh openness allows Mexico to have is
regionally integrated Supply chains to
the extent that the in according to
statistics from around 2020 around
40% of the components in product in US
imports from Mexico are us made that
percentage is 4% in China in US imports
from CH coming from China now some issue
with those numbers I'm I didn't
calculate those numbers what I can tell
you is that ratio 40% to 4% in itself is
astounding even if the numbers
themselves may be slightly different as
long as they're both biased in the same
direction the ratio in itself is
astounding but in addition to the free
trade agreements and the integration of
the supply chains Mexico also has free
uh exchange rates which is different
than in China it also has a number of
different
um economic openness aspects that make
uh it stand out when it comes to key
trade partners of the United States now
the second thing that makes Mexico
unique is its foreign direct investment
so two things about its foreign direct
investment make it unique first the
stability of it if we compare Mexico to
Brazil and many people are this year
because in 2022 foreign direct
investment going into Brazil was higher
than foreign direct investment going
into Mexico and a lot of people have
brought that up as um questioning the
effectiveness of near sharing but in
reality what we see is yes it was over
in 2022 but look at what happened in
2020 during the pandemic Mex foreign
direct investment into Mexico remained
remarkably stable whereas it dropped by
almost half in Brazil that just shows
you that there's a trend there a
long-term relationship between um its
economic Partners economic uh Global
Partners that Mexico has that Brazil may
have but it comes and goes now the
second thing that makes it unique
regarding its foreign direct investment
is we know that foreign direct
investment includes Equity or new
investment it also includes reinvestment
and interc Company loans now focusing on
what really matters which is new
investment or Equity investment in that
aspect
Mexico has done remarkably well since
2018 so not just since 2020 but since
2018 if we compare again Mexico to
Brazil and we look at Trends since 2018
new investment going into Brazil has
dropped slightly new investment going
into Mexico has increased dramatically
by around 60% and in fact in the future
we we could expect those Trends to
continue and the reason why is because
the new project announc announcements in
Mexico are also high in fact they're
higher than in any other Latin American
country so it's not just the money that
has already come in that is coming that
has come in recently it's also money
that we can expect to come at least
based on the project announcements that
have been coming out in the past couple
of years thank you very much Maggie let
me turn to Lis now because your company
specializes in helping companies arrive
in Mexico essentially set up operations
here so you're right right at the
trenches of the the near Shoring
phenomenon so I'm curious as to your uh
view on the Outlook and the near Shoring
Trends in Mexico what what what are you
seeing at the ground level and what can
we expect going forward at least for the
next few months or a couple of years yes
and thank you very much um as a matter
of fact for 47 years American Industries
has uh promoted Mexico the foreign
direct investment in Mexico and I had
the the honor of talking to anir and we
had the privilege of helping one of
Emerson's um divisions uh get
established in in the city of Chihuahua
in the late 90s so it was a a great uh
experience for us very
successful thank you thank you very much
um so um yes I think uh developers
Logistics Partners uh Brokers we are
very busy right now uh busier than ever
uh I think
uh because of the China us relations and
uh the pandemic uh we are uh now
experiencing the best uh Time in Mexico
we were talking about waves of
investment uh after the NAFTA was
negotiated I think that was the first or
second big wave that we experienc in
foreign investment and I think right now
is the next big wave of of investment
and we are geared to take advantage of
of that situation so we're I think uh
living in very interesting times very
exciting um and we are very excited to
be in this business right now wonderful
thank you very much let me now turn to
anoir anoir has had ample experience not
only in Mexico but you were the uh
General country manager for the company
in in Peru so I'm interested to seeing
your view in terms of what advantages
has Mexico offered Emerson Electric as a
as a sourcing destination as a country
to uh to produce and to uh be able to
supply many other Industries uh that are
growing in our region and how do you see
this compared to the to the rest of
Latin America okay thank you uh first of
all Let me give some background into
Emerson Electric Emerson Electric it's
an automation uh technology company with
software we're 14 billion uh globally uh
we um we have
130 manufacturing locations of which 12
are in Mexico so it's basically 10% one
is in your state by the way
right uh we have 6
66,000 employees and exactly 10% it's in
Mexico we have 6,300 people head in
terms of head count um Mexico has always
been and will continue to be
strategically important for Emerson not
only because of the automation Market
which has which is very large and it's
very important but also because of the
fact that we've been able to navigate
through the pandemic and through the
geopolitical crisis you know that it it
it's happened uh because we tend to have
a regional strategy in terms of where we
serve our customers from and where we
get our suppliers Lo so 40% of what we
produce in
Mexico 40% of what we produce in Mexico
is bought in Mexico we've been working
for the past 20 years in developing
suppliers and there is still
opportunities but we'll continue to do
so and and you know with this near
sharing wave you know there will be
more a stronger Supply base which will
allow us to increase from 40 to
50% uh when we talk about o
opportunities you know we we get we're
more competitive here in certain areas
so we get cost reductions you know ESG
it's a major Trend going forward it's
already taking place but it will will
get stronger as we go forward so we you
know we reduce our scope stre instead of
importing you know you know things from
Asia or from India we it's it's very
close you know so we reduce our scope
three and we are committed to getting to
to to zero in scope one and two by 2030
so it's around the corner we have a
longer term Target of you know 2040 5 to
Net Zero but that's that's a long way
that's a long time from now we we have a
Target to that we need to to get to net
Ser cope one and two in 2030 and we are
moving uh you know Mexico offers a
diverse Supply
base uh and also when you have high
content in labor Mexico is much much
competitive than India and China and
that's a
mouthful absolutely thank you very much
anoir now Bernardo it is a reality that
in Mexico we're seeing record numbers
for trade particularly with the us we
have record numbers within the usmca
it's likely that we will get close to uh
$900 billion dollars in trade this year
with our number one trading partner so
the trade p is growing in the region
we're likely to go beyond $40 billion in
foreign direct investment this year
coming into Mexico which means uh more
production which means more trade and
I've always looked at the logistics and
transportation sector as the pillar uh
of trade you guys are what makes trade
happen right we may negotiate trade
agreements there may be great things on
paper but you have to get the goods to
the places where they need to be so
given this increase that we are seeing
and expecting towards the future in
terms of investment in Mexico production
and obviously exports is the
transportation sector in our region and
particularly in our country in Mexico is
the transportation sector prepared for
this wave of new manufacturing footprint
coming on board and what are some of the
main challenges that Transportation
providers and shippers are
facing that's a great question I would
start by saying that as many of these
companies established in Mexico and Anar
made a very interesting comment
40% of their content is actually of
local
origin um which would lead me to believe
that other 60% is imported uh meaning
that there is a larger amount of when
you measure it as a the finished product
since there is a considerable amount of
local content that's already been
Incorporated here I think the 40 versus
4% is another very intriguing number in
terms of China versus Mexico and the
United States uh that creates a gap in
trade meaning that there is a lot more
product going out of Mexico or
Northbound flows exports versus product
that's coming into Mexico there's a
specific statistic that we like to
monitor in in Schneider which we call
the Northbound southbound Gap and what
we measure is truck flows and trade
flows uh through the Laro Bridge system
so that basically encompasses the World
Trade bridge and Colombia combined and
when you look at those flows uh the the
Gap that's been created between the
Northbound part and the southbound part
as of this you know this first half of
the year was
45% now 4 5% might not mean much if if
you don't try to interpret what does
that mean for
transportation well the way we see it
for every 10 trucks that are trying to
leave Mexico there are only you know
five to six trucks that are entering the
country and that creates uh certain
capacity constraints and and challenges
for for the shipping Community these
these investors that are are uh
establishing themselves in Mexico so I
see that that that is a big challenge
now
what uh can shippers do to try to you
know uh be better off in in in uh facing
this challenge between the Northbound
and southbound flows uh my advice is
always to follow what we call a
multimodal approach to capacity meaning
that you do not you know you use the the
the trucking side to move product from
from your plants up to to the US and
Canada uh but if you're going to rely
only on trucks uh and you don't create
res resiliency across your supply chain
you know there's a little bit more of an
opportunity that you're you're going to
struggle to find that truck that can
move the capacity Northbound whereas if
you use a mix of over the road trucks
and over the rail trucks in other words
containers uh that can pick up in
there's another very important port in
no Leon I know that Colombia is very
close to the governor's heart uh but
Salena Victoria the Intermodal Port is
also very important
uh which allows us to put in additional
empty containers which is much more
efficient to do it over the rail versus
over the road uh into the market and
then load on Intermodal on the train so
that you can move that that product
Northbound so I would say that's that's
strategic in addition to that I think
that there's been um quite a few
projects that have been announced
recently by both the the state level the
federal level and the private sector
they're going to have a very positive
impact on trade and transportation in
specific over the next few years if I
had to mention
three uh the cpkc or the Canadian
Pacific Kansas City Railroad uh is
currently working on expanding their
bridge in in uh Laredo Texas um to give
you perspective current day there's
approximately 28 to 32 uh trains that
cross that bridge currently in hopefully
a little bit more than a year we're
going to be moving 60 trains across that
same well now the two Bridges right so
that's a very exciting project the
expansion of the Columbia Bridge I think
is also going to benefit the community
uh in quite a a positive manner there
are currently 18 Lanes uh available at
the Columbia brid Bridge for for
commercial trade uh that's going to be
expanded to 32 uh and it's a project
that's currently being worked both on
the Mexican and the and and the US side
obviously it's going to allow for a lot
more trucks to clear the Border I think
uh the project that's being worked by
the state of no Leon in uh creating the
bypass for Laredo uh La Gloria
connecting to Colombia will give
shippers an alternative and and another
way that you can reach the United States
either through the World Trade Bridge
which is the traditional manner let's
say or now now by using this bypass uh
to be able to certain degree avoid the
traffic in in uh no Ledo and go directly
to Colombia and that that Sav time
thank you very much Bernardo I would now
like to turn to a second set of
questions and just keeping in mind that
the first round was sort of designed to
uh uh talk about uh the uh impact that
we're seeing in Mexico and New that is
the opportunity both what is happening
we're seeing on the ground right now and
the potential towards the future and in
this second set of questions I would
like to delve more into some of the
challenges that we have how can we keep
this trend going how can we
increase uh both the uh the quantity and
the quality of the investment coming
into Mexico and set up conditions to
really at the end of the day accomplish
what the North American leaders are
setting out to do which is creating the
most competitive region in the world so
I will start with you Governor precisely
because as we see noo Leon there's many
reports in the press and otherwise that
noon is receiving perhaps between 60 and
70% of the new foreign direct investment
that is been committed to right now and
in the last year and a half or so and uh
at the same time how can the state deal
with all of this investment coming in
which we know that will create uh you
know structural pressures you know W
within the state and how can the near
sharing momentum
continue and are there changes that need
to be done at the state and also at the
federal level in order to really be able
to maximize uh this investment coming
into the country sure well I think the
answer is infrastructure
because most of these companies they
want safe well-connected
free
highways that's why we also have the
project of the Colombia bridge that is
going to double but it's also be
is we're planning to convert it in a
cargo Hub we have no housing so
everything is going to be warehousing
and the Strategic Lanes of the advocacy
we're trying to get that is
electromobility
and also a lot
of the security issues in this
country obviously it's a challenge but
it's not impossible to armor your state
and to control every road every Highway
entrance and exits to have a specific
police stations arcs drones
and guarantee your companies and the
foreign investments that their
merchandise Services they can be emble
and cross to the US without any
insecurity
troubling and obviously quality life I
really think that Mobility having
Subways having a good transport public
transport having hospitals schools and
the best universities are going to help
the ecosystem system to work now there
are two matters that they are
federal specific
faculties but the state can do a lot of
things to improve them water and
energy our Federal
Constitution states that there are
federal
exclusive
tasks but these do not avoids the states
to work with the federal government in
our case we had some water
struggles and working with the federal
government we just made an aqueduct a
new dump a lot of wells and a lot of
sewage renewal and with this we're going
to guarantee at least 10 years of
water uh
surveillance and in the energy
sector thank God Montery has been for
many years the Center of distribution of
energy of five states so we have now
Surplus around 40%
Surplus in high tension
energy the challenge is not to wait for
CF to converted into middle or low and
that's why with the private sector we
are making 240 industrial parks all
ready with the substations so anyone
that wants to come to Monteray they have
everything ready we have an exit an exit
a a case a successful case with Quant
computers they make the the brains of
the
Teslas they got installed and in five
months they were producing the computers
and sending them to Austin and this is
an example of how noo Leon ecosystem
private and government are anticipating
the new shuring process get it
everything done everything ready the
last challenge that we are
anticipating is that renewable energy
most of these companies require at least
for a
compl 10 or 20% of renewable energy and
by 2030 they will need 30% and by 20
4050 and we have a a great challenge in
this country with we got stuck four
years we need to invest in solar
wind nuclear hydrogen or whatever it
games so we can provide these new
companies like Tesla or that has
World um treaties of climate change for
them to settle and
be accomplishing their their objectives
towards climate change I think those two
terms we need a lot of support from the
federal government well three security
energy and water and the country will be
ready to receive much more nuring that
the one we have got great thank you
Governor uh Maggie now during the North
American leader Summit earlier this year
and just recently at the high level
economic dialogue high level officials
of Mexico Canada and the US in this case
in the uh bilateral meetings between us
and Mexico specifically once again the
countries are talking about how to build
this competitive region how to work
together to create a seamless production
environment with strong Supply chains in
in North America now there are things
happening in the United States that can
help the process not just within the US
in terms of strengthening its
competitiveness for re sectors of the
future but that can also help uh Canada
and Mexico so in your opinion how will
US policies recently approved laws such
as the inflation reduction Act and the
chips act contribute towards achieving
these ambitious objectives of
strengthening North American
production yes so what the what now the
incentives are going to do is they're
going to do precisely that they're going
to generate incentives for companies for
North American companies for American
companies from the US to invest more in
Mexico and as um companies have those in
incentives as they're looking for places
to invest and how to really capitalize
on this near sharing um impetus that we
have going on now I would suggest that
there are probably two areas that are
very important for companies to keep in
mind and they're both related to
Workforce Talent so first Mexico does
relatively poor s compared to other us
key trade Partners so not necessarily
Latin America but us key trade Partners
such as Vietnam such as other countries
uh that such as Canada um in terms of
sta staff training and when it comes to
staff training the specific measure that
I'm referring to with respect to staff
training is based on an executive
opinion survey so it's a it's a survey
that asks business Executives about to
what extent do companies in their
country invest in staff training and
according to this measure it turns out
that in Mexico business EX tives
themselves say that companies do not
invest much in staff training in Mexico
now that's a huge area of an potential
that companies us companies Canadian
companies companies from Mexican
companies as well uh have see that if
they invest in their staff then they can
help with retention and they can
also um
simply have better
workers that in the long term produce
more and are more productive now the
second area that I would mention that
companies should keep in mind is with
respect to labor force participation
Mexico has relatively low labor force
participation as compared to other us
key trade Partners however it's quite
interesting if one breaks that out by
gender when it comes if when we look at
Labor first participation of men versus
women separately actually when it comes
to male labor force participation in
Mexico it's it's higher than in the US
than in Canada than in average oecd
countries but it's the female labor
force participation that really drives
the average down now why is that is it
because of culture is it because of um
not insufficient child care support is
it because of informal employment and
the only data I have that's unal
employment honestly I don't know but it
doesn't matter because even if it is
let's say it is because of informal
employment that still leaves the same it
leaves to the same conclusion there's a
huge unted female potential among formal
employers formal employers that can
attract train and skillfully employ
women have a huge area of potential
increase in their productivity in the
long term and let me just comment that
actually this the remaining labor force
uh potential is something that is uh
spread throughout Mexico even even in
states that have been outperforming
other parts of Mexico such as Noone the
female Labor Force employment is still
way below the male Labor Force
employment so there's still potential
for growth there so those would be the
the things that I would mention for
companies to keep in mind as these
incentives are capitalized on thank you
very much Maggie well now I'd like to
turn to a couple of questions to our
panelists from the private sector these
are questions that are more
controversial let's call them disruptive
because yes we have this wonderful
potential this environment that we're
seeing in terms of attracting investment
into the region and Mexico because of
different factors as you know the
pandemic uh the that led to the this
relocation effect is being the center of
this let's say perfect storm where a lot
of investment is coming back to North
America at the same time we know that
processes of trade liberalization have
to go hand inhand with public policies
in each country that actually create the
appropriate conditions for businesses to
thrive and to attract investment now I I
want to pose this specific question to
Luis uh you know despite all the efforts
and the statements that we have and
we've seen in Mexico on on the need to
strengthen competitiveness to link up
and integrate with the US and and
Canadian economies and to be presented
to the world as a country that's open
for business do you believe that you
know Mexico is it shooting itself in the
foot by pursuing certain domestic
policies specifically that would seem to
go in the opposite direction of creating
this positive environment I'm referring
specifically on policies in sectors such
as energy mining Etc what can be done to
reduce country risk in Mexico in your
opinion and improve investor
confidence I think Mexico is uh
investing in in its people
and I think uh uh the people is one of
our greatest strengths of course we have
areas of opportunity in infrastructure
the government the governor already
mentioned some areas of opportunity that
we have but we continue to be one of the
uh uh best countries uh in the world uh
for
manufacturing uh I think uh the location
the geographical location of Mexico is
uh always going to be there I mean the
the market 500 million people the the
North American Market uh we're right
there uh I think Mexico um still uh is
very very attractive uh I think the
comparative advantage of uh of the lower
cost that we have in Mexico is is still
uh a strength but also the quality of
our people uh and the quality of our
labor is going to continue to be uh very
attractive uh part uh that companies are
going to look for and we are also uh
like Maggie was saying we are investing
a lot of uh uh money uh we are building
right now the developers of the
industrial developers in Mexico we are
building 60 million square feet of
industrial facilities right now uh I
think that's a a tremendous amount of
investment that we are making and we are
uh getting ready to to receive receive
uh those uh International companies that
are coming to to Mexico uh in this in
this manner so great thank you now anoir
in terms of Emerson specifically what
are some of the biggest uh challenges or
obstacles that you face when operating
in Mexico and if you had the opportunity
to ask the Mexican Government to improve
the business environment so that your
company can continue to thrive uh what
would you ask
for um in in terms I don't see that as
disadvantage
I see that as
opportunities um you know there are
certain Commodities that
are more competitive in China and India
I mean those are the major ones you know
and I was listening to the to the
conversation the first day whether it's
being subsidized or by the other
government I mean companies will always
be very competitive because they they
need to you know if we are not pushing
the envelope all the time you know we we
won't be successful and we won't be able
to invest in new technologies and things
like that so we will always go for for
where is more competitive so commod
certain Commodities I'm not going to go
into detail detail in what Commodities
um the border throughput is it's a major
roadblock I think there is plenty of
opportunities I think with what you
mentioned you've been doing it but you
know the question is can we do it across
the country you touched on on the point
government infrastructure I mean if
Mexico wants to attract more investment
it needs to review I mean to me I see
everything as an equation labor
electricity uh suppliers we you know we
we could be doing a lot more we employ
indirect in we have 18,000 people
indirect that's our estimate you know
direct employment employment is one
thing indirect employment as a result of
our 40% local cont you know not local
content should say that um but
um what can can we do I mean it needs to
be a joint effort between private and
government I I I was part of the US
Mexico energy Council and you know one
of the the numbers that that one of the
members throughout there from Burns and
McDonald's um investment that it's on
the because of the different regulations
and policy there is about 40 or 50 in
energy 40 and 50 billion dollar just
sitting on the
sidelines so I think the in summary I
think you know we need to work together
government and the private sector the
question is what instruments do we
create so that we get into action
wonderful thank you very much and a
similar question to you uh Bernardo and
in looking at not just Mexico but also
US and Canada and companies in
transportation that operate in in in all
three North American countries this is a
question related to uh what does the
transportation and logistic Industries
need to do and need to ask uh
governments in order to meet these
challenges of the future in terms of
public policy but also modification and
uh let's say modernization of the sector
itself so that it really uh can can deal
with this growing demand of trade in our
region well I would start by saying we
need to think less about a border for
Freight and Freight from a freight
perspective we need to see it more like
a bridge in other words how can we have
product that's moving across our three
countries blow in a much more seamless
Manner and I'll be I'll put some very
specific examples so today if you want
to move product from say a plon in
saltio montere
guara uh up to the United States you
have to present documents to the Mexican
Government to create one document Pento
o and you have to present the exact same
documents to the US government to create
an
entry you would be surprised how often
when you get to the border the the truck
will have to sit because one of these
two documents is missing so what if we
start by just eliminating one of the two
right if you're going north from Mexico
going to the US well let's just use the
US entry you don't need the pedimento
and collaborate with the two governments
to share information because in the end
it's this exact same information that's
available in both documents right so how
can we standardize that so that we can
say value able time when we exit Mexico
enter the United States uh same thing
applies for for inter modal when you're
move things over the rail you know could
we have a system very similar to what's
happening in the United States where you
load a product and once you clear us and
you cross the bridge let's say and you
that's it it's done right the the
Intermodal container Ares to a terminal
and it gets it gets delivered to the
customer in Mexico why do we have to
stop at the terminal and wait for
paperwork could we establish a system
where again you have a single document
that controls the the shipment and it's
on the rail and what if once it's on the
rail you you trigger the automatic red
light green light for an inspection like
like it's done in in other parts of the
world and if hits a green light that's
it don't even you know why why do you
need to inspect it let it go right just
let it move um I think those two things
would would would be very helpful the
third
one uh and this this uh has to do with
the government and it has to do with lot
of lot of the people that are sitting
here that are
shippers um so the the first one that
has to do a little bit more with the
government is we as a transportation
industry this are having a hard time uh
recruiting and retaining drivers it's
it's a it's a struggle every day um for
most Transportation companies the driver
that was hired January 1st there's a
high probability he's not going to be in
the company by the end of the year um
being a trucker is not an easy job it's
it's difficult so from a government
perspective how what how how can we
change it so that obtaining a driver's
license which is not that difficult that
one's relatively easy but more
importantly from looking at a
transportation perspective you're going
International you need your driver's
license and you need something else and
it's called a gafete
Uno driver's license pretty easy to get
gafete Uno
it's like hurting cats it's really
really difficult and the time it takes
to obtain one can can can you know you
can measure it in weeks sometimes even
months um so we so not only do we face
you know challenge to retain a driver if
that driver does leave getting a new
driver and having him you know come in
with a gaffet Uno is is a challenge so I
think just speeding up the process to to
have both driver's license and more
importantly gafetes sunos exp you know
expedited so that they you can obtain
one a few days versus a few weeks would
would be helpful now what the shipping
Community can do uh which we all need
your help on is what do we need to do to
dignify the profession of a
driver uh they they promote a tremendous
service for all of us right that they're
what keeps our countries moving uh
literally and why when I talk about
dignifying uh a driver's profession it's
it's it's really not nuclear science
it's little things like when a driver
arrives to your
facility is there a restroom available
for him right he's been on the road
maybe 10 hours you know and and probably
needs to use uh the restroom is there a
restroom available for him that's that's
dignifying his his profession um what
can we do to so that he enters your
property and exits your property very
very quickly you know how can that be
measured in minutes versus hours because
in the end drivers have choice
and you know they can just you know when
you have two loads and you only have you
know one driver because the market is
very very tight the driver actually has
the right to make a decision and he can
decide well I can go to this Factory
right I know I'm going to spend probably
four to five hours before I'm out and
their facilities are not necessarily
very driver friendly yeah they have one
restroom but if I want a Coke I can't I
can't you know I want a soda I want a a
sandwich I can't find one uh or I can go
to this facility where they're very nice
they're very courteous to the driver and
I'm in and out in 30 minutes heck I
don't even need the coke right because
it's they're so quick that I'm not GNA
even have time to go buy one um if we
have more of these companies that's
where the drivers are going to prefer to
go and that's how you're going to gain
more capacity so again so if I had to
summarize uh there's a lot of things
that we could do from a customs
regulation and and um
secret type activities where we could be
a lot more efficient in issuing
permits um and and pedimentos and from
another perspective make sure that we're
always looking at how we can digify the
profession of a driver and that will
attract capacity to your
plant thank you very much but now these
are all excellent suggestions and as we
were as we are nearing the the end of
our panel uh what I did throughout our
discussion discuss is sort of write down
some of the takeaways the main elements
that that everybody here with a great
presentations and interventions have
have put on the table I'd like to
quickly summarize what I see as some of
the the key takeaways or elements that
can strengthen Supply chains in North
America of course we're focusing a lot
on Mexico because that's where the near
sharing phenomenon is is taking place as
as we speak in in our region and I see
among these and I'm just going to list
them before going to to our conclusion
where I'll ask one final question of
each participant very quickly uh
transportation and energy infrastructure
as a key need for more security both for
the people of course of Mexico and for
doing business uh access to energy
particularly Renewables uh Mobility was
very important the governor pointed out
issues of quality of life which also
Bernardo is taking up here in other
words the working conditions the
environment that you create for for your
Workforce is essential uh water
infrastructure is an essential element
uh also uh improving border
infrastructure and Crossing I mean I
think that from the private sector
perspective these are the issues are not
on the uh front pages of the ma of the
newspapers but that are essential for
the bottom line and for the efficiency
of of of international trade one key
element is cooperation between the
private and and sector and the
governments both at the federal and at
the state level and I like the idea of a
regulatory cooperation or regulatory
Improvement throughout uh the processes
that have to do with uh with
International Trade whether it's
Transportation manufacturing and you
touch upon an issue which could be the
subject of an entire other panel which
is uh labor shortages both of drivers
and the trucking and also the
availability of uh skilled workers I
mean and that's something that in States
like noon where you're having so much
investment coming in and all this demand
you're going to have to continuously be
cranking out more Engineers I heard you
yesterday in Camin talk about the number
of Engineers that are noon is producing
and that's great we need to replicate
that in other states as well and to
really be able to have that skilled
Workforce uh you know meet the demands
of of what we'll see in in the following
years and and just as as a closing I
would like to ask each one of you if in
uh one or two sentences you could
summarize as if this was a headline what
does Mexico need to do in the future to
become the number one recipient of
foreign direct investment among
developing countries and I'll go in
order here I'll start with anoir one or
two
sentences I I I think it's uh it's uh
tough to to summarize what you just said
in one or two sentences because in
reality you summarize it very well um
you know the key question for me is you
know there is a lot of ideas in any
company in any government the question
is how do what do you put in place to
make it happen uh um and you know one of
one of the challenges for us is to
increase the you know the our local
Supply our local uh suppliers so there
was a an association called Pro xico and
it was was dismantled I don't know it's
taken
away I I think when when I talk about
action you know those are the things
that will be a catalyst to drive change
so we need one for electricity by the
way there is a carbon tax in Europe that
is coming up and it will catch up to the
US and if we want to capture the near
Shing wave you know need Renewables
because electricity is the best way to
you know renewable energy is the quicker
way to reduce CO2 food printing in your
products and it's coming and the
question is how soon are we going to
start anyways sorry
no problem no
problem
Governor well you just answer what I was
going to said
so I will state that we have to promote
Mexico
worldwide there are a lot of
geopolitical
issues that are favor in Mexico but we
have to go for the
opportunities very
very one
minute and we have to be United as a
country and start thinking in the future
and stop fighting today in the morning a
politician of my
state invented the fake news that Tesla
was
canceled he has lost eight campaigns in
the way so he's very sad very
pessimistic but he seemed to be C
celebrating that Tesla was not opening
in so this is happening all in the
country
why instead of getting together the
ideas and pulling up together as
Mexicans that we have the great
opportunity to grow we are fighting and
we are having two campaigns coming up us
and Mexico so I think we have to to be
very
intelligent to really debate
these topics instead of fake news and
take advantage of what the world is
giving us the new sharing process and
this big growth thank you Governor
Maggie so I agree with Bernardo and it's
about reducing regulation reducing the
red tape and increasing the efficiency
of the judicial system and settling
disputes and in actually challenging
regulation that is unnecessary so I'll
be quick that was it thank you very much
Lis well I believe it's uh education I
think it's investing in our people
investing in in in the education of our
people and also empowering women I I
there's a lot of women in the madora
industry working it's a intricate part
of the madora industry they are uh
hardworking they are amazing so I I
think uh we should Empower them more in
this country and and continue investing
in in education which is the future of
Mexico thank you
Bernardo so a lot of factory setting up
in in our country and that's great how
can we do that in a sustainable way I
think is a big key element and
transportation plays a role in that
right um and my suggestion there would
be let's see how we can use more uh
intermodel in other words use more of
the train one gallon of diesel can
transport one ton of your products for
up to 500 miles a little bit less than
500 Miles which is uh about three to
four times more efficient from a fuel
perspective than than a truck right um
so there's there's some really
interesting ideas of what we can do to
be to become Greener a very simple one's
already out there right and that's use
the train more because by using the
train you can reduce costs arrive at
destination and a Transit time that's
very similar to truck and do it in a
very sustainable manner so I think it's
a it's a it's one of those low hanging
fruits that we should take care and or
or take advantage of in order to become
a more sustainable from a transportation
perspective well that's great we have
come to the end of this panel I want to
thank the participants for a wonderful
discussion uh these are issues that are
complex and that we will uh continue no
doubt to discuss uh in the future so I
want to thank all the participants may
we have a round of applause for our
participants and thank you very much for
our
[Applause]
[Music]
time
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