CDRA 5: Conduct Disaster Risk Assessment

Summary

This instructional video introduces the process of disaster risk assessment as part of climate and disaster risk mainstreaming in local government comprehensive development plans. It outlines key steps such as assessing the likelihood and severity of hazards, analyzing exposed elements, and estimating risk. The video also highlights methods for evaluating adaptive capacities and determining policy interventions to reduce risk. Risk management options like mitigation, preparedness, and risk transfer are explored. Ultimately, the goal is to identify decision areas and effective strategies to address and reduce risks posed by hazards and climate change.

Takeaways

• 😀 Disaster-based assessment helps in determining risks by analyzing potential hazards and evaluating vulnerability to protect people, property, and services.
• 😀 Risk assessment involves mapping risks, reviewing hazard characteristics (location, intensity, frequency), and analyzing exposure and vulnerability (physical, social, economic, etc.).
• 😀 The formula for computing risk is the likelihood of occurrence (LOP) multiplied by the severity of consequences (SOC).
• 😀 Five steps in disaster risk assessment: assigning likelihood, determining exposed elements, consequence analysis, risk estimation, and analyzing adaptive capacities.
• 😀 Seven key processes in disaster risk assessment: determining likelihood, identifying exposed elements, consequence analysis, risk estimation, adaptive capacity analysis, decision areas identification, and policy intervention planning.
• 😀 Risk is measured by expected losses (e.g., lives, property damage, economic disruption) due to a hazard in a specific area and time frame.
• 😀 Likelihood of occurrence is determined by hazard history and risk characterization, while severity of consequence is based on exposure, vulnerability, and the extent of the hazard.
• 😀 Severity of consequence is rated as very high, high, moderate, or low based on the extent of impact on populations, infrastructure, natural resources, and critical facilities.
• 😀 Risk management options include avoidance, mitigation, prevention, preparedness, segregation, sharing, and retention to address hazards and reduce their impacts.
• 😀 The final step of the disaster risk assessment is summarizing findings, identifying major decision areas, and proposing mitigation and adaptation strategies for risk management.

Q & A

What is disaster-based assessment in the context of disaster risk management?

Disaster-based assessment is a methodology used to determine the nature and extent of risks by analyzing potential hazards and evaluating the vulnerability of exposed people, property, services, and the environment.

What are the main steps involved in disaster risk assessment?

The main steps include: assigning the likelihood of occurrence, determining exposed elements, performing consequence analysis, estimating risk, analyzing adaptive capacities, identifying decision areas, and preparing a summary disaster assessment matrix.

How is risk calculated in disaster risk assessment?

Risk is calculated by multiplying the likelihood of occurrence (LOC) with the severity of consequence (SOC), resulting in a risk score. The score helps determine the level of risk as high, moderate, or low.

What parameters are used to assess the likelihood of occurrence of a hazard?

The likelihood of occurrence is assessed based on the estimated period of time (in years) that a hazard of a particular magnitude is likely to repeat itself, which can be derived from historical hazard records.

How is severity of consequence determined in disaster risk assessment?

Severity of consequence is determined by evaluating the magnitude of the hazard, the extent of exposure, and the vulnerability of the affected population or structures, considering various factors such as damage to population, infrastructure, and resources.

What are the four severity categories used to assess the impact of a hazard?

The four severity categories are: very high, high, moderate, and low, based on the percentage of affected population, damaged structures, and disruption to services.

What are the recommended risk management options in disaster risk management?

The seven risk management options are: risk avoidance, risk mitigation, risk prevention, risk preparedness, risk segregation, risk sharing or transfer, and risk retention or acceptance.

What is the difference between risk mitigation and risk prevention?

Risk mitigation involves reducing the frequency or severity of a hazard's impact by changing physical characteristics or operations. Risk prevention focuses on reducing the frequency or magnitude of a hazard through structural measures like levees, dams, or flood walls.

How are major decision areas identified in disaster risk management?

Major decision areas are identified by overlaying risk and vulnerability maps or by consulting stakeholders. Areas highly susceptible to multiple hazards are considered as decision areas, where interventions should focus to reduce risk.

What is the final step in the SIDRA process, and what are its objectives?

The final step is summarizing findings, where major decision areas and the corresponding risk management options are identified. The goal is to propose effective interventions for disaster reduction and climate change adaptation.