Past simple tense | English grammar rules
Summary
TLDREste vídeo ofrece una lección detallada sobre el tiempo pasado simple en inglés. El presentador, Andrew, explica cómo se forma y se utiliza, incluyendo reglas para verbos regulares y irregulares. También se discuten las formas positivas, negativas y de pregunta, así como las excepciones con el verbo 'ser'. Se proporcionan ejemplos y ejercicios para ayudar a los estudiantes a dominar el uso del pasado simple, con énfasis en la importancia de los tiempos verbales para describir acciones completadas en el pasado.
Takeaways
- 😀 El pasado simple se utiliza para describir acciones que ocurrieron en el pasado.
- 📚 La forma positiva del pasado simple sigue el patrón: sujeto + verbo en pasado simple (ejemplo: He walked).
- 🔤 Para verbos regulares, se añaden 'ed' al verbo base (ejemplo: walk → walked).
- 🔄 Los verbos regulares que terminan en 'e' añaden solo 'd' (ejemplo: die → died).
- 🔄 Los verbos regulares que terminan en consonante + 'y' cambian 'y' a 'i' y añaden 'ed' (ejemplo: carry → carried).
- 🔄 Para verbos que terminan en vocal + consonante + vocal, se doble el consonante final y se añaden 'ed' (ejemplo: stop → stopped).
- 🇬🇧 En inglés británico, los verbos que terminan en 'l' doblen la 'l' y añaden 'ed' (ejemplo: travel → traveled).
- 🇺🇸 En inglés americano, la regla para verbos terminados en 'l' depende de si la sílaba final es acentuada.
- 📝 Los verbos irregulares no siguen reglas fijas y deben aprenderse individualmente.
- ❌ La forma negativa del pasado simple es sujeto + did not + verbo en infinitivo (ejemplo: I did not walk).
- ❓ La forma interrogativa del pasado simple es Did + sujeto + verbo en infinitivo? (ejemplo: Did he walk?).
Q & A
¿Cuál es la regla general para usar el pasado simple en inglés?
-La regla general es que usamos el pasado simple para describir una acción completada en el pasado.
¿Cómo se forma el pasado simple de verbos regulares?
-Para los verbos regulares, simplemente se añade '-ed' al verbo base, como en 'walk' que se convierte en 'walked'.
¿Qué sucede con los verbos regulares que terminan en una 'e' silenciosa?
-Para estos verbos, solo se añade una 'd' al final del verbo, como en 'close' que se convierte en 'closed'.
¿Cómo cambian los verbos regulares que terminan en consonante + 'y' en pasado simple?
-Se cambia la 'y' por 'i' y se añade '-ed', como en 'carry' que se convierte en 'carried'.
¿Qué se hace con los verbos regulares que tienen una vocal y una consonante al final?
-Se dobla la consonante final y se añade '-ed', como en 'stop' que se convierte en 'stopped'.
¿Cuál es la diferencia entre el uso de 'cancel' en inglés británico y americano?
-En inglés británico se dobla la 'l' antes de añadir '-ed' ('cancelled'), mientras que en inglés americano no se dobla la 'l' ('canceled').
¿Cómo se forma el pasado simple de los verbos irregulares?
-No hay reglas específicas para los verbos irregulares. Simplemente se debe memorizar la forma en pasado de cada uno, como 'go' que se convierte en 'went'.
¿Cómo se forma la negación en pasado simple?
-Se utiliza 'did not' o su forma contraída 'didn't', seguido del verbo en su forma base. Ejemplo: 'I didn't clean'.
¿Cómo se hace una pregunta en pasado simple?
-Se comienza con 'Did', seguido del sujeto y el verbo en su forma base. Ejemplo: 'Did you close the door?'
¿Cuándo se usa el pasado simple con expresiones de tiempo como 'last' o 'ago'?
-Se usa para describir acciones que comenzaron y terminaron en un tiempo específico del pasado, como en 'I played football three days ago'.
Outlines
📚 Introducción al tiempo pasado simple
Este párrafo presenta la gramática del tiempo pasado simple en inglés. Se explica que se utiliza para describir acciones pasadas específicas, como 'yesterday he walked to the train station'. Se detalla la formación del tiempo pasado simple para verbos regulares, añadiendo 'ed' al verbo base, y se mencionan excepciones para verbos que terminan en 'e', 'y' y verbos con sílabas acústicas y consonantes finales. También se menciona que los verbos irregulares no siguen reglas y deben aprenderse individualmente.
📘 Formación del tiempo pasado simple para verbos irregulares
En este párrafo, se aborda la formación del tiempo pasado simple de verbos irregulares, que no siguen reglas fijas y deben memorizarse. Se proporciona una lista de verbos irregulares comunes y se enfatiza la importancia de aprender su forma pasada al estudiar un nuevo verbo. Además, se explica la formación negativa del tiempo pasado simple, utilizando 'did not' seguido del verbo en forma infinitiva.
🗣️ Formación de las formas negativa y pregunta para el tiempo pasado simple
Este segmento se centra en la formación de las formas negativa y pregunta del tiempo pasado simple. Se detalla la importancia de usar el verbo en forma infinitiva en las formas negativas y se proporciona ejemplos de errores comunes. También se explica la forma de hacer preguntas, destacando la palabra 'did' como inicio de la oración, y se menciona la excepción del verbo 'to be', que tiene formas distintas para cada sujeto.
🕒 Uso del tiempo pasado simple para acciones completadas y series de acciones
Aquí se describe el uso del tiempo pasado simple para hablar de acciones completadas en el pasado y series de acciones. Se mencionan expresiones de tiempo como 'last night', 'ago' y 'yesterday' que son indicativas del tiempo pasado simple. También se explica cómo se utiliza para describir una duración de tiempo, con ejemplos como 'talked for two hours' y 'waited all morning'.
📝 Ejercicios de práctica con el tiempo pasado simple
Este párrafo presenta ejercicios prácticos para el uso del tiempo pasado simple. Se ofrecen ejemplos de cómo transformar oraciones con verbos en forma infinitiva a oraciones en tiempo pasado simple, tanto en forma afirmativa como negativa y en forma de pregunta. Los ejercicios son una oportunidad para que los estudiantes practiquen y apliquen la gramática que han aprendido.
👋 Conclusión de la lección
El instructor, Andrew de Crown Academy of English, concluye la lección y anuncia otros videos de ejercicios de escucha y gramática. Agradece a los estudiantes por ver el video y se despide de ellos.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Past simple tense
💡Regular verbs
💡Irregular verbs
💡Negative form
💡Question form
💡When clause
💡Time expressions
💡Contracted form
💡Verb to be
💡Spelling rules
Highlights
Introduction to the past simple tense
Form of the past simple tense: subject + past form of the verb
Use of past simple to describe actions in the past
Positive form of the past simple tense for regular verbs
Adding 'ed' to regular verbs to form the past simple
Spelling rules for regular verbs ending in 'e'
Changing 'y' to 'i' and adding 'ed' for regular verbs ending in a consonant and 'y'
Adding 'ed' to regular verbs ending in a vowel and 'y'
Doubling the final consonant for one-syllable regular verbs ending in consonant-vowel-consonant
Doubling the final consonant for regular verbs with more than one syllable under certain conditions
Double 'l' and add 'ed' for verbs ending in 'l' in British English
Irregular verbs have no rules and must be memorized
List of common irregular verbs in the past simple tense
Forming the negative of the past simple tense
Using 'did not' or 'didn't' with the infinitive form for the negative
Question form of the past simple tense using 'did'
Exception with the verb 'to be' in the past simple tense
Using the past simple tense for completed actions in the past
Time expressions used with the past simple tense
Describing a series of completed actions using the past simple tense
Using the past simple tense to describe a duration in the past
Using 'when' clauses with the past simple tense
Exercises to practice forming the past simple tense
End of the lesson and introduction to additional resources
Transcripts
hello everyone this is Andrew at Crown
Academy of English today we are doing a
lesson about the past simple tense so
let's start so yesterday he walked to
the train station so here is the form of
the past simple tense
he walked so he is the subject and this
is the verb and so as a general rule the
general rule is that we use the past
simple to describe an action in the past
so this is the past simple and now let
us look at the form the positive form I
walked you walked he she or it walked we
walked you walked and they walked so if
we look at this in more detail then this
is the form we have the subject and then
the verb in the past simple form all
right now walk this is a regular verb
and the regular verbs we simply add the
letters II D to the base verb alright so
if it is a regular verb we simply add II
D to the verb alright now let us look at
the past simple form for other verbs
because not all verbs are regular
so the spelling rules for the past
simple form well first of all the easy
ones are the IDI sorry the easy ones are
the regular verbs like walk so we simply
add IDI to walk walked clean cleaned
those are just two examples for regular
verbs which end in a silent e then we
just add a letter D okay we do not add
IDI because there is already an e at the
end example died died closed closed and
many others and for regular verbs ending
in a consonant and then the letter Y we
change the Y to I and then add IDI hurry
horrid carry carried so we can see here
we remove the letter Y and we change it
to an AI and then we add II D and for
other regular verbs which end in a vowel
and then the letter Y then we simply add
IDI it is just like a regular verb for
example stay stayed play played
and some more rules for a regular verb
which has one syllable and ends in a
consonant a vowel and then another
consonant we double the consonant and
then we add II D so stop stopped plan
planned so we see here we double the
letter n and then we add II D if it is a
regular verb with more than one syllable
and which ends in a consonant vowel and
consonant then we double the final
consonant only if the final syllable is
stressed and then we add IDI so prefer
becomes preferred and regret becomes
regretted and you can see here we stress
the final syllable when we say prefer we
say prefer so that is why we double the
consonant and we add IDI it's the same
with regret with regret we stress the
last syllable the final syllable that is
why we double a consonant and add IDI
and if the final syllable is not
stressed then we simply add IDI so for
example transfer transfer wish
yes the first syllable so we do not
stress the final syllable and so we just
add ee d we do not double the consonant
verbs ending in a letter L we always
double the L and add IDI
for example canceled canceled travel
traveled now this is a rule only for
British English okay so in British
English we always double the letter L
and add IDI but American English we
follow the rules above so in American
English for a verb that ends in L we
follow this rule here so we look at the
final syllable to see if it is stressed
and if it is we double the final
consonant and then add IDI and if it
isn't we just add IDI so example in
American English cancel is canceled
trouble is traveled without the double
consonant and it is because the first
syllable is stressed okay so those are
the rules
now irregular verbs there are no rules
really for irregular verbs you just have
to learn them I'm afraid there are no
rules you just have to learn irregular
verbs
the form of the past simple so here is a
list of some very common irregular verbs
so very quickly for the pronunciation
break this column is the infinitive and
this is the past simple form so break
broke by bought choose chose come came
do did drink drank eat ate go went have
had make made run run say said see saw
think thought and many more these are
just a few examples so every time you
learn a new verb look it up in the
dictionary and learn the past simple
form okay the negative this morning I
did not clean my teeth I did not clean
my teeth I did not clean you did not
clean he she or it did not clean we did
not clean you did not clean and they did
not clean so in more detail this is the
form of the negative it's the subject
followed by did not and then the verb in
the infinitive form okay this is very
important
this verb this is the infinitive form
the base form okay so this is the
important word did not followed by the
infinitive so here this morning I did
not cleaned my teeth this is wrong
okay this is the past simple form but
that is wrong because in the negative it
must be the infinitive form okay that is
wrong this one is right the infinitive
and we can either say did not we can say
did not or we can say didn't didn't this
is the contracted form of did not so
example we can say I didn't clean you
didn't clean the meaning is the same
and we often used the contracted form in
spoken English when we speak the
question form did you close the door
this is the question form did I close
did you close did he she it close did we
close did you close did they close
so did the subject and again the verb in
the infinitive form so the important
word is did a beginning of the sentence
the subject and the verb in the
infinitive form and again this is wrong
because this is the past simple form and
we see here the question form must take
the infinitive form so that is wrong and
that is right that is correct okay so
this is the question form the verb to be
this is an exception this is very very
important because we use this in lots of
other verbs so the affirmative I was you
were he she it was we were you were and
they were so we can see for the first
time the verb to be is the only verb
where the form is different for each
subject example so we say I was and he
was and all the others we say were okay
so that is very important and the
negative I was not or this is the
contracted form
I wasn't you were not you weren't
he she it was not or wasn't we were not
we weren't you were not you weren't
they were not they weren't and the same
here is what these two take the form was
and the others were the question was I
were you
was he she it were we were you and where
what sorry and were they so again this
is different as well the verb to be in
the question form we do not say did okay
regular verbs
remember we said did but for the verb to
be we simply reverse the order of the
words so I was is was I you were were
you so we changed the order of the words
was and were so very very important you
must learn all of these so when do we
use the past simple well the first use
is for a completed action in the past so
an action that started and finished at a
specific time in the past
last night I watch television
I played football three days ago so in
red this is the past simple the past
simple and in blue these are time
expressions these are time expressions
which represent the past tense so these
are important if you see these words
last and ago then we know it is the past
simple and we can also say last week
last month last year
okay so this is very useful it's a very
common expression last and for a go we
can also say ten minutes ago
four days ago three weeks ago a month
ago two years ago okay it's a very very
useful expression and of course we can
say yesterday that is also a time
expression for the past and we also use
the past simple to describe a series of
completed actions today I went to London
bought a camera and then took some
photographs okay so we can see we have
the subject I and then we have a list of
completed actions all in one sentence
and each verb is in the past simple so
this is the past simple of go this is
past simple of by and this is the past
simple of take so they are irregular
verbs and finally we use past simple to
describe a duration in the past an
action which lasts for a while Sarah and
David talked for two hours
mark waited all morning so again in red
this is the past simple form and here
past simple and again we have some time
expressions these are time expressions
which describe a duration and we can
also say for three minutes for two hours
for five days for a fortnight for
tonight is two weeks okay two weeks for
two months
and all we can say all day all night all
morning all afternoon and all evening so
with the all expression look carefully
you can see that's all of these words
after all they are in the singular so
that is important it must be in the
singular when we talk about adoration in
the past and for it is often in the
plural okay
when clauses so
here is Mark and we are describing what
Mark did this morning so this morning
number one mark woke up and after number
two mark shaved okay and we can write at
this in two different ways we can say
when Mark woke up he shaved that is
correct or mark shaved when he woke up
so these two sentences
the meaning is exactly the same exactly
the same okay so what is important to
notice here is the when Clause this is
the when clause and this is the when
clause
we used the when clause to describe the
action which is first because mark woke
up first so we say when mark woke up he
shaved okay so the meaning we know that
when we see the sentence we know that
mark woke up first before he shaved and
the order of the words is not important
it doesn't matter here again mark shaved
when he woke up this also means that he
woke up first and then he shaved so the
order of the words does not matter but
the when clause this happens always the
so the rule is if we have two clauses in
the past simple the when Clause happens
before the main clause in time and the
order of the clauses when we write them
is not important okay
exercises so I would like you to put the
verbs in brackets in the correct form
using the past simple example this
morning I was late because I to work and
the answer is this morning I was late
because I walked to work walked to work
so question 1 and I'll just give you a
few seconds and the answer is last week
it rained every day question 2 and I
will give you a few seconds there are
two verbs here
and the answer is yesterday my children
were happy because they went to the park
so were and went exercise to put the
verbs in brackets in the correct a
question form using the past simple
example so the answer here would be did
they eat breakfast this morning
so this is the question form question
one
and the answer is was mark angry with me
yesterday question two
and the answer is did I close the front
door and the last exercise put the verbs
in brackets in the correct negative form
using the past simple and I want you to
use the contracted form example she
didn't go to London last year question 1
I didn't read the newspaper this morning
question two
my parents didn't like my new car okay
so that is the negative okay so that is
the end of the lesson I hope you enjoyed
it here is another video this one is a
listening exercise and here is another
grammar lesson okay thanks very much for
watching my name is Andrew at Crown
Academy of English thanks for watching
and I will see you very soon bye bye
関連動画をさらに表示
El Pasado Simple y su auxiliar did - Afirmativa, negativa e interrogativa | Clases inglés
PASADO SIMPLE EN INGLES. Fácil Practico y EFICIENTE. The Past Simple Tense.
Past simple (usos, ejemplos, estructura y errores más comunes)
PAST SIMPLE vs PAST CONTINUOUS Tense (Past Progressive) [English grammar tutorial]
Simple Past – Grammar & Verb Tenses
Pasado Simple En Ingles - Regular And Irregular Verbs – Reglas Lección # 25
5.0 / 5 (0 votes)