The Copper Cycle Experiment - A Series of Reactions
Summary
TLDRIn this educational video, Goober King conducts a copper cycle experiment, demonstrating the transformation of copper through various chemical reactions. Starting with copper metal and nitric acid, he forms copper nitrate and nitrogen dioxide gas. The copper nitrate then reacts with sodium hydroxide to create copper hydroxide and sodium nitrate. Upon heating, copper hydroxide decomposes into copper oxide and water. Copper oxide reacts with hydrochloric acid to form copper chloride, and finally, zinc metal reacts with copper chloride to precipitate copper, completing the cycle. The video showcases a real lab setting with professional equipment, offering viewers an engaging and informative experience.
Takeaways
- 🔬 The experiment demonstrates the copper cycle, where copper undergoes a series of chemical reactions and transformations.
- 📝 The equations provided in the video are not balanced, indicating that they are simplified for the purpose of the demonstration.
- 🧪 Copper reacts with nitric acid to form copper nitrate and nitrogen dioxide gas, resulting in a light blue solution.
- 🌀 Copper nitrate then reacts with sodium hydroxide to produce a dark blue precipitate of copper hydroxide and sodium nitrate.
- 🔥 Heating copper hydroxide leads to its decomposition into dark black copper oxide and water.
- 🌿 Copper oxide reacts with hydrochloric acid to form copper chloride, which has a light green color.
- 🔄 The final step involves reacting copper chloride with zinc metal, which displaces the copper and forms zinc chloride, completing the cycle.
- 🧑🔬 The video is sped up to show the reaction progress more quickly, and the experiment includes steps to ensure proper reaction conditions.
- 🏫 The experiment is conducted in a professional laboratory setting, indicating a higher level of safety and access to equipment compared to a home lab.
- 🎓 The presenter is learning chemistry from a local college professor and is grateful for the opportunity to use the college's laboratory facilities for experiments.
Q & A
What is the main focus of the video by Goober King Science Today?
-The main focus of the video is the copper cycle experiment, which demonstrates a series of chemical reactions involving copper.
What are the initial reactants in the copper cycle experiment?
-The initial reactants are copper metal and nitric acid.
What color is the copper nitrate solution formed in the experiment?
-The copper nitrate solution is described as light blue, although it can also appear brown due to the presence of nitrogen dioxide gas.
What is the role of sodium hydroxide in the copper cycle experiment?
-Sodium hydroxide reacts with copper nitrate to form a dark blue precipitate of copper hydroxide and soluble sodium nitrate.
How is copper hydroxide decomposed in the experiment?
-Copper hydroxide is decomposed using heat, which results in the formation of dark black copper oxide and water.
What is the color of the copper chloride solution formed when copper oxide reacts with hydrochloric acid?
-The copper chloride solution is a bright green color.
What happens when zinc metal is added to the copper chloride solution?
-Zinc metal reacts with copper chloride, forming zinc chloride and precipitating copper metal, which is a key part of the copper cycle.
What method is used to retrieve the copper oxide from the reaction mixture?
-Vacuum filtration is used to retrieve the copper oxide from the reaction mixture.
What is the significance of the copper cycle experiment in the video?
-The copper cycle experiment demonstrates the transformation and recycling of copper through different compounds, showcasing the reactivity of copper and its compounds.
What additional information does the video provide about the setting of the experiment?
-The video mentions that the experiment is conducted in a local college laboratory, which provides access to equipment and chemicals not available in a home laboratory.
What is the final outcome of the copper cycle experiment as described in the video?
-The final outcome is the precipitation of copper metal, which is the same as the starting material, thus completing the copper cycle.
Outlines
🔬 Copper Cycle Experiment Overview
This paragraph introduces a chemistry experiment focusing on the copper cycle. The narrator, Goober King, outlines the steps of the experiment, which includes the reaction of copper metal with nitric acid to form copper nitrate and nitrogen dioxide gas, the subsequent reaction of copper nitrate with sodium hydroxide to produce copper hydroxide and sodium nitrate, the decomposition of copper hydroxide upon heating to form copper oxide and water, and finally, the reaction of copper oxide with hydrochloric acid to form copper chloride and water. The last step involves reacting copper chloride with zinc metal to precipitate copper and form zinc chloride. The narrator also mentions that the equations provided are not balanced and apologizes for the lack of subscript numbers due to limitations in the editing program. The paragraph concludes with a demonstration of the experiment's first steps, including the reaction of copper powder with nitric acid and the formation of nitrogen dioxide gas.
🎓 Collaboration with a Local College Laboratory
In this paragraph, the narrator shares personal updates and expresses gratitude for the opportunity to learn chemistry from a professor at a local college. This collaboration has allowed the narrator to film videos in a professional laboratory setting, providing access to advanced equipment and chemicals that were previously unavailable in a home laboratory. The narrator encourages viewers to subscribe for future videos featuring experiments conducted in this new environment, highlighting the educational value and the enhanced production quality that comes with working in a real laboratory.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Copper cycle
💡Nitric acid
💡Copper nitrate
💡Sodium hydroxide
💡Copper hydroxide
💡Decomposition
💡Copper oxide
💡Hydrochloric acid
💡Copper chloride
💡Zinc
💡Vacuum filtration
Highlights
Introduction to the copper cycle experiment
List of required supplies for the experiment
Description of the unbalanced chemical equations involved
Reaction of copper metal with nitric acid to form copper nitrate and nitrogen dioxide gas
Formation of a dark blue precipitate of copper hydroxide with sodium hydroxide
Decomposition of copper hydroxide into copper oxide and water using heat
Reaction of copper oxide with hydrochloric acid to form copper chloride
Reaction of copper chloride with zinc metal to precipitate copper and form zinc chloride
Demonstration of the experiment using 0.5 grams of copper powder and 6 M nitric acid
Observation of nitrogen dioxide gas formation during the reaction
Dilution of the reaction mixture with distilled water and formation of light blue copper nitrate
Addition of sodium hydroxide to form copper hydroxide precipitate and testing with litmus paper
Setup for heating copper hydroxide to decompose it into copper oxide
Observation of copper hydroxide darkening as it decomposes
Vacuum filtration to retrieve the formed copper oxide
Dissolution of copper oxide in hydrochloric acid to form bright green copper chloride
Addition of zinc powder to the copper chloride solution and formation of zinc chloride
Precipitation of copper metal and its retrieval through vacuum filtration
Weighing the retrieved copper and discussing the mass loss during the experiment
Mention of collaboration with a local college professor and access to a real laboratory
Invitation to subscribe for future laboratory experiments
Transcripts
hello this is goober King science today
will be in the copper cycle experiment
pause the video and look at the supplies
you will need this experiment first I'm
going to describe all the steps in this
experiment please note these equations
are not balanced I'm also sorry that I'm
not able to do subscript numbers as
that's not supported by my editing
program TN copper metal is reacted with
nitric acid to form copper nitrate which
is a light blue color also Brown
nitrogen dioxide gas is formed next the
copper nitrate is reacted with sodium
hydroxide forming a dark blue
precipitate of copper hydroxide and
soluble sodium nitrate now the copper
hydroxide is decomposed using heat
source this will form dark black copper
oxide and water now the dark black
copper oxide is reacted with
hydrochloric acid to form copper
chloride and water the copper chloride
is a light green color finally the
copper chloride is reacted with zinc
metal this warm zinc chloride and then a
comprar mental that we started out in
the beginning of the reaction with
should precipitate out now it's time to
actually perform the experiment first
way on half of one gram of copper powder
and put it into a 150 milliliter beaker
now add 10 milliliters of 6 molar nitric
acid this clip is sped up 4 times and it
takes a little bit for the copper metal
to start reacting but pretty soon the
nitrogen dioxide gas begins to form as
you can see now it's really getting
going I forgot to video it but once this
is done reacting you need to dilute it
with 10 milliliters of distilled water
you can see the light blue copper
nitrate that is formed now add 20
milliliters of 6 molar sodium hydroxide
to the copper nitrate and send arc blue
precipitate of copper hydroxide stir
this up to make sure that it's all
reacted test this with red and blue
litmus paper to make sure that it's
basic blue litmus paper should stay blue
the red litmus paper
should turn blue indicating we have a
basic solution now set up a ring stand
with the metal ring and a wire gauze so
that we can set the beaker the copper
hydroxide right on top light your Bunsen
burner and begin heating the copper
hydroxide after a little bit you should
begin to see it darken as it decomposes
into the copper oxide I'm using a wash
bottle to get all the copper hydroxide
off the sides of the beaker now that a
lot of copper oxide is began to form the
solution is quite dark here's the
finished product now I'm going to
perform a vacuum filtration to retrieve
the copper oxide put the booster funnel
into a three-pronged clamp over 150
milliliter beaker and slowly add 20
milliliters of three molar hydrochloric
acid to it you can mix this up with a
stir rod what's happening is the copper
oxide is dissolving into copper chloride
the copper chloride formed is a bright
green color you can use a pipette to
place some of the copper chloride
solution back into the top of the blue
pin air puddle if all the copper oxides
been resolved in the first edition
next need to weigh out one gram of zinc
powder now add this to the copper
chloride solution and should begin to
bubble and react what's happening is the
zinc is more active so it's taking the
place of the copper metal and forming
zinc chloride as you can see the copper
chloride color is going away and
becoming tweeter
now what's this oh look the copper that
we started out in the beginning with is
right back where we started with in the
bottom of 150 milliliter beaker we can
perform a vacuum filtration
there's the copper we started out with I
weighed this and it was point four six
one grams I lost about point zero four
grams during this experiment
can we talk yeah you can talk alright I
decided the nitric acid so you go in
then and yo but sailing over the top of
this yeah I'm gonna hoist over like now
you add the 10 milliliters Oh good color
learner
how do you ready to get the dark you
might turn it so that the this white
thing is the other dress hand so they
could see them nitrogen so you has the
videos to Brian yeah no well he has a
YouTube channel but he does a games and
stuff of it that's cool I have not
posted a video in a long time so don't
you
there we can see the ground yes starting
to farm you want to take a picture of
Rory inhaling up it yeah the lighting on
the floor twitching it's probably at the
mouth okay
no no it's really good and this is Rory
two hours later
[Music]
thanks for watching one thing I'd like
to say is recently I've been learning
chemistry from a professor at the local
college and he's allowing me to make
videos in their laboratory and that's
why I am working in a real lab in this
experiment and you can see that I have
access to all kinds of equipment and
chemicals that I could never even have
dreamed of having access to in my home
laboratory so thank you to them for
letting me use their facilities I'll be
doing more videos in the future if that
laboratory so please subscribe so you
can see those awesome experiments
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