Introduction to windows | computer software language learning | Computer Education for All
Summary
TLDR本视频脚本介绍了软件及其类型,包括操作系统、系统软件和应用软件。详细讲解了Windows操作系统的使用,包括桌面图标、任务栏、开始菜单、窗口元素、文件和文件夹的管理,以及如何使用帮助功能。此外,还探讨了计算机语言的分类,如低级语言、高级语言和自然语言,以及它们在软件开发中的应用。视频旨在帮助用户理解计算机语言和软件的基本概念,并掌握在Windows环境下工作的基本技能。
Takeaways
- 📚 介绍了计算机语言的类型,包括低级语言、高级语言和自然语言,以及它们在软件开发中的应用。
- 🔧 区分了系统软件和应用软件,解释了它们在计算机系统中的作用和功能。
- 🖥️ 讨论了Windows操作系统的不同版本,如Windows 95、98、ME、XP、NT、2000等。
- 🌐 描述了Windows操作系统的共同特性,如支持大内存、多任务处理、即插即用设备支持等。
- 📂 讲解了如何在Windows环境中使用文件夹、文件的复制、移动和删除。
- 🔍 展示了如何在Windows环境中使用帮助功能来搜索不同主题的信息。
- 🛠️ 介绍了Windows应用程序窗口的元素,如标题栏、菜单栏、工具栏、格式栏、文本区域和状态栏。
- 🔗 解释了对话框和各种GUI组件的用途,如文本框、命令按钮、列表框、单选按钮和复选框。
- 📖 说明了如何使用键盘快捷键来访问和执行菜单命令。
- 📂 指导了如何在Windows中创建新文件夹和文件,以及如何重命名它们。
- 🗑️ 描述了如何删除文件或文件夹,以及如何从回收站中恢复已删除的文件。
- 🔄 讲解了如何移动文件从一个位置到另一个位置,以及如何使用剪切和粘贴命令。
Q & A
计算机语言有哪些类型?
-计算机语言主要分为低级语言、高级语言和自然语言。低级语言包括机器语言和汇编语言,高级语言使用类似英语的语句编写指令,例如BASIC、C语言、LISP和JAVA。自然语言是另一种类型的计算机语言。
系统软件和应用软件有什么区别?
-系统软件主要提供控制功能和服务功能,管理计算机硬件资源,并为最终用户提供常见服务,如文件管理、存储管理、自动程序加载、即插即用功能和通信等。而应用软件包括应用程序包和定制的应用程序,例如文字处理器、多媒体开发程序和通信程序。
Windows操作系统有哪些常见版本?
-桌面计算机的Windows操作系统版本包括Windows 95、Windows 98、Windows Millennium Edition和Windows XP。服务器计算机的Windows操作系统版本包括Windows NT、Windows 2000 Server和Windows 2000 Advanced Server。
Windows操作系统支持哪些特性?
-Windows操作系统支持大内存以执行复杂软件,多任务特性以同时处理多个程序,通信支持,即插即用设备支持,FAT32文件系统允许访问高达2TB的硬盘空间等。服务器版本的Windows操作系统还具有用户和资源管理、强大的安全特性、Web服务器、NTFS文件系统等附加特性。
Windows环境的桌面包含哪些图标?
-Windows环境的桌面包含的图标有我的电脑、我的文档、网络邻居和回收站。
如何创建一个新的文件夹?
-可以通过选择文件菜单,然后选择新建,再选择文件夹来创建一个新的文件夹。也可以在资源管理器中右键点击一个位置,选择新建然后选择文件夹。
如何复制一个文件?
-首先选中要复制的文件,然后选择编辑菜单中的复制命令。之后可以选择编辑菜单中的粘贴命令,或者使用鼠标右键点击目标位置选择粘贴命令来完成复制。
删除文件或文件夹后,它们去了哪里?
-删除的文件或文件夹会被移动到回收站。如果从回收站中恢复,则会回到原来的位置;如果从回收站中彻底删除,则无法恢复。
如何移动文件到不同的位置?
-选中要移动的文件,点击编辑菜单选择剪切命令,然后在目标位置点击鼠标右键选择粘贴,或者直接拖拽文件到目标位置来移动文件。
Windows帮助功能如何使用?
-点击开始按钮然后点击帮助菜单启动Windows帮助。帮助窗口分为两个框架,左侧框架包含内容、索引、搜索和收藏夹四个标签页,右侧框架显示帮助页面。可以使用鼠标点击或使用键盘快捷键来浏览和访问帮助信息。
如何正确关闭Windows系统?
-在开始菜单中选择关机,然后在出现的对话框中选择注销、关机或重启选项。确保在关闭计算机前保存所有未保存的数据,并根据需要选择适当的关机选项。
Outlines
📚 计算机语言与软件类型
本段落介绍了计算机语言的类型,包括低级语言、高级语言和自然语言。低级语言进一步分为机器语言和汇编语言,而高级语言则使用类似英语的语句来编写指令,例如BASIC、C语言、LISP和JAVA。此外,还讨论了面向对象的语言,如C++、JAVA、Visual C++和.NET。段落还涉及了系统软件和应用软件的概念,以及Windows操作系统的不同版本和功能。
🖥️ Windows操作系统特性
这一部分详细描述了Windows操作系统支持的大内存、多任务处理能力、通信支持、即插即用设备、FAT32文件系统等特性。服务器版本的Windows操作系统还包括用户和资源管理、强大的安全特性、Web服务器、NTFS文件系统等额外功能。此外,还介绍了Windows 2000 Professional操作系统的基本环境和桌面图标的功能。
📖 Windows帮助和应用程序窗口
本段内容讲解了Windows帮助系统的使用,包括帮助窗口的结构、索引标签页、对话框的使用以及应用程序窗口的各个元素,如标题栏、菜单栏、工具栏、格式栏、文本区域、滚动条、视图图标和状态栏。通过使用MS Word作为示例,详细说明了如何操作应用程序窗口。
🔧 操作Windows应用程序
这部分详细介绍了如何在Windows环境中使用MS Word和其他应用程序。包括启动Word程序、操作窗口元素、使用菜单和对话框来执行命令。还介绍了如何通过键盘快捷键来访问和执行菜单命令,以及如何关闭程序和退出系统。
📂 文件和文件夹的管理
本段落教授了如何在Windows中创建和管理文件及文件夹。包括创建新文件夹、重命名文件夹、创建文本文档、复制文件、移动文件和删除文件的方法。同时,还解释了如何使用回收站来恢复误删的文件,以及如何将文件移动到不同的位置。
🔄 文件的复制与移动
这部分内容继续讲解文件管理,特别是文件的复制和移动操作。介绍了如何使用编辑菜单的复制和粘贴命令来复制文件,以及如何使用剪切和粘贴命令来移动文件。还提到了如何将文件发送到其他存储介质,例如软盘,并强调了删除文件后无法恢复的情况。
Mindmap
Keywords
💡计算机语言
💡系统软件
💡应用软件
💡Windows操作系统
💡桌面环境
💡任务栏
💡帮助系统
💡对话框
💡文件和文件夹管理
💡图标
💡开始菜单
Highlights
介绍了软件及其类型,包括操作系统、系统软件和应用软件。
解释了计算机语言的不同类型,包括低级语言、高级语言和自然语言。
讨论了Windows操作系统的不同版本,如Windows 95、98、ME、XP、NT、2000等。
描述了Windows操作系统的常见特性,如支持大内存、多任务处理和即插即用设备。
介绍了Windows 2000 Professional操作系统的基本使用和图形用户界面。
解释了桌面图标的功能,如我的电脑、我的文档、网络邻居和回收站。
讨论了任务栏的作用,包括快速访问程序、文档和当前运行的应用程序。
详细说明了如何使用Windows帮助系统来搜索不同主题的帮助信息。
解释了对话框的不同组件,如文本框、命令按钮、列表框、单选按钮和复选框。
描述了应用程序窗口的不同元素,包括标题栏、菜单栏、工具栏、格式栏、工作区、滚动条、视图图标和状态栏。
介绍了如何使用菜单和键盘快捷键来执行命令。
讨论了如何正确关闭计算机系统以确保文件安全。
解释了文件夹的概念以及如何在Windows环境中创建和管理文件夹。
展示了如何创建、复制、移动和删除文件和文件夹。
讨论了回收站的作用以及如何从回收站恢复或彻底删除文件。
介绍了如何使用对话框和工具栏来改变文档的视图和设置。
解释了如何使用Office助手和其他Windows应用程序的帮助功能。
Transcripts
in this unit we will introduce you to
software and its types windows operating
system windows desktop windows help
types of windows elements of an
application window working with manuals
understanding folders and copping moving
and deleting files after completing this
unit you must be able to understand
different types of computer languages
system software and application software
work in Windows environment use help to
search different topics understand
different types of Windows identify
elements of an application window use
menus create copy move and delete files
and folders instructions are given to
the computer to perform different tasks
collectively these instructions are
called a computer program examples of
computer programs are a copy program to
copy files and a program to create
folders set of similar programs is
called software depending upon their use
and features software's are categorized
into computer languages system software
and application software computer
languages are used to write computer
programs these can be categorized into
low-level languages high-level languages
and natural languages low-level
languages are further classified into
machine languages and assembly languages
high-level languages are another type of
computer languages these use English
like statements to write instructions
some high-level languages include basic
C language
lisp and java and at the type of
computer languages is object-oriented
languages popular object-oriented
languages include C++ Java Visual C++
and.net languages fourth generation
languages are in at the type of computer
languages visual languages are another
most popular type of languages another
category of computer languages is
natural languages computer languages are
further discussed in the next unit
the second type of software is system
software broadly system software
provides two types of functions that are
control functions and service functions
the control function manages the
hardware resources of the computer the
service function provides a wide range
of common services to the end-user
these include file management storage
management automatic program loading
plug-and-play feature and communications
in addition system software include
translators compilers and device drivers
the last category of software is
application software
these include application packages and
customized application programs
application packages include word
processors multimedia development
programs and communication programs
customized applications may include a
reservation system accounting system and
inventory control system windows is a
state-of-the-art point-and-click
operating system it provides graphical
user interface that represents files
folders programs and other services as
icons Microsoft introduced different
versions of Windows the operating
systems for desktop computers include a
series of operating systems these are
Windows 95 windows 98 Windows millennium
Edition and Windows XP operating systems
for server computers include Windows NT
Windows 2000 server Windows 2000
advanced server some common features of
Windows operating systems are support
for large memory to execute complex
software
multitasking feature to work on more
than one program at a time communication
support support for plug and placed
devices fat32 that allows access up to 2
terabytes of hard disk space and a range
of other features the server family of
Windows operating systems has additional
features like user and resource
management strong security features web
servers about NTFS file system and other
range of features to learn basic
concepts of Windows we will use Windows
2000 professional operating system the
environment of Windows 2000 Professional
has similar look and feel as other
Windows operating systems the basic
concepts are applicable to all graphical
user environments with few variations
now let us start to learn about Windows
environment the main screen in Windows
is referred to as desktop it contains
some icons icons are pictorial
representation of programs documents and
other Windows applications you can point
to an icon and click left mouse button
to select it or double click on it to
execute it when an icon is opened it is
placed in an application window typical
windows icons include my computer My
Documents Network neighborhood and
recycle bin my computer application is
ssin is used to view access and manage
hard disks floppy diskette files and
folders My Documents folder contains
most often used documents Network
neighborhood is used to access resources
across the network recycle bin stores
recently deleted files these are
available until you empty the recycle
bin you can open it and restore the
selected files
in addition to these application icons
different icons are used for each type
of file folder and application
this figure shows some icons for
different types of files and folders it
has a notepad file icon ms word file
icon ms excel file icon and a help file
icon taskbar is across the bottom of the
screen it allows you to quickly access
programs documents and currently running
applications the taskbar contains a
start menu icons for different
applications that are currently
executing and system tray when you click
on the start button a pop up menu is
opened it contains different
applications and utilities most commonly
used menu items are programs documents
settings help and shutdown
the arrow beside the menu item
represents that a submenu is available
you can click on programs group item to
access the available programs like
Microsoft Word and Excel you can select
documents menu item to view a list of
most recently created or used documents
settings menu item has a submenu that
allows you to access control panel from
where you can add or remove new programs
install new fonts or change your
regional settings it also provides
access to printer folder you can install
new printer or view the existing
printers in the taskbar click on any
icon that represents an application like
MS Word or MS notepad to make it active
the system tray contains volume control
system clock or any additional software
windows provides an extensive health
feature that provides detailed
information about various topics click
start button and click the help menu to
launch windows help the help window has
two frames the left frame contains four
tabs these are contents index search and
favorites contents tab contains a list
of help categories and topics a close
book icon represents a category when you
move mouse pointer on any category or
topic it changes to a hand shape the
categories and topics act as hyperlinks
you can click on any category to expand
it or click on a topic to display help
page in the right frame some terms are
underlined in the help topics these are
glossary items links and related topics
you can point to a glossary item and
click mouse button to display a box
containing information about that item
blue underlined text is a link to a
separate page when you click it it will
open that page in the right frame you
can click on the related topics button
to access topics that are related to the
current topic the second tab is index
tab it displays an alphabetical listing
of help topics you can scroll through
this list or type few starting
characters to access any help topic
select the required topic and click on
the display button in addition to menus
windows-based application use dialog
boxes to collect the information
required to carry out your commands
dialog boxes contain text boxes
come on buttons checkboxes radio buttons
and other GUI components this dialog box
shows common components a textbox is
used to enter data the rectangular
buttons are referred to as command
buttons the ok button executes the
dialog box and cancel button cancels the
dialog box list boxes contain lists of
files fonts colors or other options you
can choose one item from the list radio
buttons are small hollow circles that
are usually grouped together to provide
a selection of options the dark circle
within a radio button indicates that the
button is selected only one of these
options can be selected at a time some
options have ellipses beside them these
indicate that an additional dialog box
is available under this option a double
Chevron indicates the dialog box can be
expanded the hollow rectangles are known
as checkboxes these boxes are blank or
have a check mark to indicate whether
the action should or should not be
carried out the action that is marked is
carried out more than one of these boxes
may contain a checkmark to select an
option simply click on it to deselect it
click a second time you can use keyboard
to select options in a dialog box use
tab key to move through the options in a
dialog box a marquee appears around the
current selection when you are within
your desired selection you can select it
or specify some value use tab key and
select ok button and press Enter key
to execute the dialog box or select
cancel button and press Enter key to
close the dialog box
without execution
now we will discuss elements of an
application window we will use ms word
for this purpose to start ms word you
can double-click ms word shortcut
available on the desktop or go to start
menu select programs and select
microsoft word to start word you can
also execute run from the Start menu
type win word and select ok button to
start word when word starts it displays
a blank untitled document all windows
based programs include similar elements
these are shown in this figure at the
top of the word application window is
title bar
it displays word icon name of the
application that is Microsoft Word and
current document name the small icon is
used to access a pulldown menu to
restore move resize minimize or close
the application title bar also contains
three buttons to minimize maximize
restore and close the application window
the second line is referred to as the
menu bar it contains menus that contain
all commands require to operate this
application you can point to a menu item
and click left mouse button to access it
if you carefully look at each menu
option it has one underlined letter
these are called shortcut letters these
are also available on dialog boxes you
can access a menu by pressing and
holding Alt key and pressing the
underlined
character the standard toolbar can be
used to quickly perform different
functions
if you move mouse pointer to a tool
without clicking it a brief description
of the tool will appear the format bar
is combined with the toolbar because
these two toolbars are combined you
cannot see all of the icons word
automatically displays the most commonly
used tools on these two bars and offers
a button to access the hidden tools
you
the ruler indicates the current margins
and tap settings the work area is the
large interior section of the window
that the program uses to display text
images and tables in Word the work area
is referred to as the text area when the
mouse pointer is in text area the shape
of pointer is like Eyebeam you can click
at that position and start typing when
the mouse pointer is over ruler its
shape changes to an arrow you can double
click to open page setup dialog box
scrollbar is used to scroll vertically
or horizontally the view icons are used
to change the view of current page the
status bar is located at the bottom of
the window
it has indicator for current page
section and other related information
office assistant provides help on any
topic
the menus in word function like manuals
and other Windows applications each menu
contains a set of commands you can open
the menu and then select the desired
command from the pulldown menu
you can point to the menu you wish to
access and click the left mouse button
once when the menu drops down moved the
pointer to the desired command and click
the left mouse button again to execute
the command if you intend to cancel a
menu move the mouse away from the menu
within the text area and click the left
mouse button once you can also access
the manual system through the keyboard
press Alt key once to access the menu
bar type the underlined character of the
desired menu option for example F to
access File menu when the selected
pulldown menu appears
type the underlined character to execute
the desired command for example as to
save current document you can press
Escape key to cancel the current top
down menu you should shut down your
system before turning off the computer
operating system updates and closes any
files that were in use select shutdown
from the start menu a dialog box appears
that shows different options you can log
off to close your current session you
can select shutdown option to save
windows settings and any unsaved data to
the hard disk it then turns off your
computer automatically or prompts you to
switch off the power
you can select restart to save windows
settings and any unsaved data to the
hard disk it then restarts the computer
you can select standby option to place
your computer on standby mode that means
your computer will not be turned off
completely after selecting an option
select ok to proceed or click cancel to
return to Windows
yellow boxes in Windows environment
represent folders these store related
files applications and other subfolders
My Documents is a special folder on the
desktop
it holds recently used are created files
and folders open my computer to show
contents of your computer double-click
on C Drive to see different folders on
your hard disk some of the important
folders include Windows program files
and temp folders in addition to these
folders you can create your own folders
on this drive for example you can create
a folder to store your assignments for
course code g42 to select file menu
select new and select folder this will
create a new folder and name it new
folder you can change the name of the
folder to 3/4 double to the name of
folder can be from one character to 255
characters and it can also contain
spaces you cannot use /a less than sign
a pipe symbol to use any symbol that is
not allowed for the folder names in
Windows it will display an error dialog
you can then rename the folder now we
will create a file and then learn to
copy it double click on the 3/4 double
to folder select File menu and select
new then select text document a notepad
file will be created
type first assignment as its name and
press the Enter key the file name has
two paths that is file name and its
extension by default
extension of the file is not visible in
the Explorer window windows provides
file extension automatically for files
of all installed application programs
you need not to specify the extension to
copy the selected file select edit menu
and select copy to make a duplicate copy
of this file you can select edit menu
and paste command the copy of this file
will be saved in the same folder with a
new name this is because the file names
in the same folder cannot be the same
you can copy this file to desktop by
using right mouse button and selecting
paste command you can use right click on
the file to open a pop-up menu select
send to command and select floppy drive
to make a copy on floppy diskette
to delete a file or folder you can
select the file or folder and press
Delete key this will show you a
confirmation dialog box before sending
the file to recycle bin folder on the
desktop if you accidentally deleted a
file you can restore it from the recycle
bin it will be restored in the folder
from where it was deleted if you deleted
a file from recycle bin you won't be
able to restore it sometimes you need to
move a file or files from one location
to another location to move copy of
first assignment select it click on the
edit menu and select cut command the
icon for the file becomes dim
right-click on the desktop window and
select paste to physically move the file
from 3/4 double to folder to desktop
関連する他のビデオを見る
Basic Computing Skills - Orientation
Computer and System Software | Types of Computer and System Software
The First Programming Languages: Crash Course Computer Science #11
Natural Language Processing: Crash Course Computer Science #36
Psychology of Computing: Crash Course Computer Science #38
Software Engineering: Crash Course Computer Science #16
5.0 / 5 (0 votes)