Matakuliah: DASAR PENDIDIKAN - Konsep Pendidikan

Kuliah Teknokrat

23 Jul 202008:21

Summary

TLDRIn this educational lecture, the speaker from Universitas Teknokrat Indonesia explores the concept of education, defining it as a deliberate effort to enhance a child's potential and abilities for personal and societal benefit. The lecture delves into the educational system, categorizing it into formal, non-formal, and informal education. It outlines the educational pathways, including early childhood, basic, secondary, and higher education, and discusses the types of education such as general, vocational, academic, professional, religious, and special education. The speaker emphasizes the importance of aligning educational strategies with national standards to ensure quality and recognition.

Takeaways

📚 Education is a deliberate and planned effort to enhance the development, potential, and abilities of children for their benefit as individuals and as members of society.
🏫 Education as a system is knowledge about education gained through research and presented in the form of educational concepts, which are systematically organized experiences unified into a conceptual framework.
🔄 The educational system consists of three categories: input, process, and output, which influence the learning and teaching process and its outcomes.
🏛️ Formal education is structured and hierarchical, including stages like early childhood education (PAUD/TK), primary (SD/MI), secondary (SMP/MTS, SMA/MA), and higher education (University).
🌐 Non-formal education occurs outside the formal system but can be structured and recognized as equivalent to formal education after assessment by designated government institutions.
👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Informal education includes family and community-based learning activities, recognized as equivalent to formal education upon passing national standard assessments.
📈 The educational pathway is divided into formal, non-formal, and informal education, each with its own structure and recognition process.
🏢 There are various types of education including general, vocational, academic, professional, religious, and special education, each catering to different learning needs and outcomes.
🎓 General education focuses on broadening knowledge required for further education, while vocational and professional education prepares students for specific fields or professions.
🏛️ Religious education prepares students for roles requiring knowledge about religious teachings or to become religious scholars.
🌟 Special education is inclusive and designed for students with disabilities or extraordinary talents, tailored to their unique needs.

Q & A

What does the concept of education aim to achieve?
-The concept of education aims to intentionally and systematically help improve the development, potential, and abilities of children for their benefit as individuals and as members of society.
How is education categorized according to the script?
-Education is categorized into three main concepts: education as a system, education as a path, and education as a type.
What are the three components of education as a system?
-Education as a system has three components: input, process, and output. These components include factors such as objects, methods, materials, learning processes, environmental factors, and the results of changes in behavior or performance quality.
What is the definition of formal education as mentioned in the script?
-Formal education is a structured and graded educational path consisting of Early Childhood Education (PAUD or TK), Basic Education (Sekolah Dasar or MI), Secondary Education (SMP-MTS, SMA or MA), and Higher Education (Universities).
What is non-formal education and how is it recognized?
-Non-formal education is education outside the formal system that can be structured and graded. Its results are recognized as equivalent to formal education after an assessment and standardization process by government-recognized institutions.
How is informal education defined in the script?
-Informal education is education through family and environment in the form of self-directed learning activities. It is recognized as equivalent to formal and non-formal education once the learner passes a national education standard-based examination.
What are the three parts of educational paths according to the script?
-The three parts of educational paths are formal education, non-formal education, and informal education.
What are the types of education mentioned in the script?
-The types of education mentioned are general education, vocational education, academic education, professional education, vocational education, religious education, and special education.
What is the purpose of general education?
-General education, also known as basic and secondary education, focuses on expanding the knowledge required by learners to continue their education at a higher level.
How does vocational education prepare students?
-Vocational education prepares students to work in specific fields by providing them with the necessary skills and knowledge.
What is the goal of academic education?
-Academic education, or higher education, is directed mainly at mastering and developing knowledge in specific disciplines of science, technology, and arts.

Outlines

00:00

📚 Introduction to Education Concepts

This paragraph introduces the concept of education as a deliberate and planned effort to enhance the development, potential, and capabilities of children for their benefit as individuals and as members of society. It discusses the selection of content, activities, and assessment techniques aligned with educational concepts. The paragraph then delves into the categorization of education into three main concepts: education as a system, which includes the structure and hierarchy within the educational framework; and the six pillars of education, which are not explicitly mentioned but set the stage for further discussion. The paragraph also touches on the idea of education as a system with inputs, processes, and outputs, influencing factors, and the importance of the educational journey from early childhood to higher education.

05:03

🏫 Types and Levels of Education

The second paragraph elaborates on the types and levels of education, focusing on the structured and hierarchical nature of formal education. It outlines the various stages of formal education, including early childhood education (PAUD or TK), primary education (Sekolah Dasar or MI), secondary education (SMP-MTS and SMA or MA), and higher education (Universitas). The paragraph also distinguishes between formal, non-formal, and informal education, explaining that non-formal education occurs outside the formal system but can be structured and recognized equivalently to formal education after assessment. Informal education, on the other hand, is more about family and community-based learning experiences and is also recognized once it meets national education standards. The paragraph concludes by briefly mentioning the various categories of education, such as general, vocational, academic, professional, religious, and special education, each with its own focus and objectives.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Education

Education, as discussed in the script, refers to the deliberate and planned effort to enhance the development of potential and abilities in children for their benefit as individuals and as members of society. It is central to the video's theme, emphasizing the structured and purposeful approach to learning and development. The script mentions various forms of education, such as formal, non-formal, and informal, showcasing the broad scope of educational practices.

💡System

In the context of the video, 'system' is used to describe education as a structured set of knowledge about teaching and learning, organized through research and presented in the form of educational concepts. The script explains that education as a system involves inputs, processes, and outputs, which are essential components in the educational process. This keyword helps to understand the organized and methodical approach to education.

💡Formal Education

Formal education is defined in the script as a structured and graded pathway of learning, starting from early childhood education (like Paud or TK) to higher education at universities. It is a key concept in the video, illustrating the traditional and institutionalized route of learning that is recognized by the state and follows a set curriculum. The video uses this term to highlight the structured nature of education that leads to formal qualifications.

💡Non-Formal Education

Non-formal education, as mentioned in the script, occurs outside the formal education system but is still structured and graded. It can be recognized as equivalent to formal education after an evaluation process by designated government institutions. This concept is important in the video as it broadens the understanding of education beyond traditional school settings, including courses, workshops, and other learning experiences.

💡Informal Education

Informal education is described as learning that takes place in the family and community, often through self-directed activities. The script emphasizes that the outcomes of informal education are recognized as equivalent to formal education once the learner passes a national standard examination. This keyword is significant as it highlights the value of learning that occurs naturally and outside of formal educational institutions.

💡Curriculum

Curriculum in the video refers to the content or subject matter chosen for educational purposes, along with the strategies, activities, and assessment techniques that support learning. It is integral to the concept of education as a system, as it outlines what is to be taught and how it will be taught and assessed. The script uses this term to show how the educational process is planned and organized.

💡Educational Objectives

Educational objectives are the intended outcomes or goals of the educational process. The script mentions that these objectives are based on the developmental level of the learners, the aims to be achieved, and the abilities to be developed. This keyword is crucial as it underscores the purpose and direction of educational activities, ensuring they align with the intended learning outcomes.

💡Learning Outcomes

Learning outcomes in the video are the changes in behavior or performance quality that result from the educational process. They are the measurable results of what learners know, understand, or can do as a result of their learning experiences. The script uses this term to emphasize the importance of assessing and recognizing the tangible results of education.

💡Educational Levels

Educational levels, as discussed in the script, refer to the stages of education that are determined based on the learners' development, the objectives to be met, and the abilities to be developed. These levels include primary, secondary, and higher education. The video uses this concept to illustrate the progressive nature of education, where each level builds upon the previous one.

💡Types of Education

The video outlines various types of education, including general education, vocational education, academic education, professional education, religious education, and special education. Each type is tailored to different educational needs and goals, such as preparing for higher education, specific professions, or religious roles. This keyword is significant as it shows the diversity and specialization within the educational landscape.

💡Inclusive Education

Inclusive education, mentioned in the context of special education, refers to the practice of designing and implementing educational systems that are accessible to all learners, including those with disabilities or exceptional talents. The video uses this term to highlight the importance of providing equal opportunities for learning, regardless of individual differences.

Highlights

Education is a deliberate, conscious, and planned effort to help improve the development, potential, and abilities of children.

Education is divided into three concepts: as a system, as a path, and as a type.

Education as a system is knowledge about education obtained through research and presented in the form of educational concepts.

Educational concepts are based on experiences systematically organized into a unity called a conceptual scheme.

The system of education consists of three categories: input, process, and output.

Instruments of input in education include objects, methods, and materials.

Instruments of process in education involve learning-teaching processes, content, and environmental factors.

Instruments of output in education are the results of changes in behavior or performance quality.

Education as a path is divided into formal, non-formal, and informal education.

Formal education is structured and includes levels such as early childhood, basic, secondary, and higher education.

Non-formal education is outside formal education and can be structured and recognized equivalent to formal education.

Informal education is family and environment-based and involves self-learning activities.

Education as a type includes general, vocational, academic, professional, vocational, religious, and special education.

General education focuses on expanding knowledge required for higher education levels.

Vocational education prepares students for work in specific fields.

Academic education aims at mastering and developing knowledge in specific disciplines.

Professional education prepares students for jobs with specific professional requirements.

Vocational education prepares students for jobs with specific practical skills.

Religious education prepares students for roles that require knowledge about religious teachings.

Special education is inclusive and caters to students with disabilities or extraordinary talents.