EXPANDED PROGRAM ON IMMUNIZATION - Vaccines and RA 10152

Wonder Monkey

4 Aug 202105:08

Summary

TLDRNurse Ann discusses the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI), a WHO initiative to provide vaccines to all infants and children to reduce morbidity and mortality from vaccine-preventable diseases. She covers various vaccines, including BCG for tuberculosis, Hepatitis B, DTP for diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus, OPV for polio, Hib for Haemophilus influenzae type b, PCV for pneumococcal diseases, and MMR for measles, mumps, and rubella. Each vaccine's administration timeline, dosage, and route are detailed, emphasizing their importance in protecting children's health.

Takeaways

💉 The Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) aims to provide vaccines to all infants and children to reduce morbidity and mortality from common vaccine-preventable diseases.
🏥 Republic Act No. 10152, also known as the Mandatory Infants and Children Health Immunization Act of 2011, enforces immunization in the Philippines.
👶 The BCG vaccine is administered at the earliest possible age, usually at birth, to protect against tuberculosis.
🛡️ The Hepatitis B vaccine is given at birth and requires three doses to reduce the risk of infection and chronic carrier status.
👶 The DTP (Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis) vaccine is administered at six weeks, with three doses spaced four weeks apart.
🍎 The Oral Polio Vaccine is given at six weeks, also in three doses with a four-week interval, to prevent polio.
👶 The Hib (Haemophilus influenzae type b) vaccine is given at six weeks of age, in three doses, to protect against serious infections that can affect children under five.
💊 The Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) is administered at six weeks, with three doses, to protect against diseases caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae.
👶 The MMR (Measles, Mumps, and Rubella) vaccine is given at 9 months, with a second dose at 1 year, to protect against these viral diseases.
📚 The information provided in the script is intended to educate and inform about the importance of vaccines and the immunization schedule for infants and children.

Q & A

What is the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI)?
-The Expanded Program on Immunization is a World Health Organization program aimed at making vaccines available to all infants and children to reduce morbidity and mortality against common vaccine-preventable diseases.
What is the purpose of Republic Act Number 10152?
-Republic Act Number 10152, also known as the Mandatory Infants and Children Health Immunization Act of 2011, mandates health immunization for infants and children to ensure their protection against vaccine-preventable diseases.
At what age is the BCG vaccine typically administered?
-The BCG vaccine is usually given at the earliest possible age, often at birth, to protect infants from tuberculosis.
How is the Hepatitis B vaccine administered and what is the recommended dosage?
-The Hepatitis B vaccine is given at birth via intramuscular injection at the upper outer portion of the vastus lateralis of the thigh, with a dosage of 0.5 ml.
What is the schedule for the Hepatitis B vaccine doses according to the CDC?
-According to the CDC, the second dose of the Hepatitis B vaccine can be given at 1 to 2 months, and the last dose can be given around 6 to 18 months of life.
Which vaccine is given at six weeks of age to protect against three infectious diseases?
-The DTP (Diphtheria, Pertussis, and Tetanus) vaccine is given at six weeks of age to protect against diphtheria, pertussis (whooping cough), and tetanus.
How is the Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV) administered and what is the dosage?
-The Oral Polio Vaccine is given at six weeks for three doses with four weeks interval in each dose, administered orally at two to three drops.
What is the purpose of the Hib vaccine and how is it administered?
-The Hib vaccine is used to prevent Haemophilus influenzae type b infection, which affects children under 5 years of age. It is administered at six weeks of age for three doses with four weeks interval, via intramuscular injection at the vastus lateralis muscle of the thigh, with a dosage of 0.5 ml.
What does the Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) protect against?
-The Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) protects against diseases caused by the bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae.
At what age is the first dose of the MMR vaccine administered according to the DOH?
-According to the Department of Health (DOH), the first dose of the MMR (Measles, Mumps, and Rubella) vaccine is administered at 9 months of age.
How is the MMR vaccine given and what is the dosage?
-The MMR vaccine is given via subcutaneous injection in the anterolateral aspect of the thigh, with a dosage of 0.5 ml.

Outlines

00:00

💉 Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) Overview

Nurse Ann introduces the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI), a WHO initiative aimed at providing vaccines to all infants and children to reduce morbidity and mortality from common vaccine-preventable diseases. The script discusses the mandatory Infants and Children Health Immunization Act of 2011 (Republic Act No. 10152). It outlines the administration of various vaccines including BCG (against tuberculosis), Hepatitis B (to prevent infection and carrier status), DPT (for diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus), Oral Polio Vaccine (to prevent polio), Hib (to prevent Haemophilus influenzae type b infections), Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV, for diseases caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae), and MMR (for measles, mumps, and rubella). Each vaccine's administration timeline, dosage, and route are detailed, emphasizing their importance in protecting children's health.

05:01

📢 Call to Subscribe for More Health Content

The script concludes with a call to action for viewers to subscribe for more educational videos, indicating that the content provided is part of an ongoing series aimed at enhancing health knowledge and awareness.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI)

The Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) is a global initiative by the World Health Organization aimed at ensuring that all infants and children have access to vaccines. It focuses on reducing morbidity and mortality rates among children by preventing common diseases through immunization. In the video, EPI is introduced as the overarching program that guides the discussion on various vaccines and their administration schedules.

💡Vaccines

Vaccines are biological preparations that provide active acquired immunity to specific infectious diseases. They are crucial in preventing diseases and are a central theme of the video. The script discusses various vaccines, such as BCG, Hepatitis B, DTP, OPV, Hib, PCV, and MMR, highlighting their importance in protecting children against specific diseases.

💡BCG Vaccine

The BCG vaccine is a vaccine primarily used against tuberculosis. It is mentioned in the script as the first vaccine to be administered, ideally at birth, to protect infants from potential tuberculosis infection. The vaccine is given via the intradermal route at the right deltoid region of the arm with a dosage of 0.05 ml.

💡Hepatitis B Vaccine

The Hepatitis B vaccine is used to prevent Hepatitis B virus infection. The script specifies that it is given at birth via intramuscular injection at the upper outer portion of the vastus lateralis muscle with a dosage of 0.5 ml. It is part of a three-dose regimen, with subsequent doses given according to CDC recommendations.

💡DTP Vaccine

The DTP vaccine protects against diphtheria, pertussis (whooping cough), and tetanus. It is administered at six weeks of age and given in three doses with a four-week interval between each dose. The vaccine is given via intramuscular injection at the vastus lateralis muscle of the thigh, with each dose being 0.5 ml.

💡OPV (Oral Polio Vaccine)

OPV is a vaccine used to prevent poliomyelitis, commonly known as polio. The script mentions that it is given at six weeks of age, with three doses administered at four-week intervals. Each dose is given orally, typically in two to three drops, to provide immunity against polio.

💡Hib Vaccine

The Hib vaccine is designed to protect against Haemophilus influenzae type b, which can cause serious infections in children under 5 years of age. The script indicates that the first dose is given at six weeks of age, with three doses in total, spaced four weeks apart. Each dose is 0.5 ml, administered via intramuscular injection in the vastus lateralis muscle of the thigh.

💡Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV)

The Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) is used to protect against diseases caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, a bacterium that can lead to pneumonia, meningitis, and other serious infections. The script describes the vaccine as being given at six weeks of age, with three doses at four-week intervals, each dose being 0.5 ml via intramuscular injection.

💡MMR Vaccine

The MMR vaccine is a combination vaccine that protects against measles, mumps, and rubella. According to the script, the first dose is administered at 9 months, and the second dose at 1 year of age. The vaccine is given via subcutaneous injection in the anterolateral aspect of the thigh with a dosage of 0.5 ml.

💡Immunization Schedule

An immunization schedule is a planned series of vaccinations that children receive at specific ages or time intervals to ensure protection against various diseases. The video script outlines the immunization schedule for several vaccines, detailing the age at which each vaccine is given and the number of doses required.

💡Republic Act Number 10152

Republic Act Number 10152, also known as the Mandatory Infants and Children Health Immunization Act of 2011, is a Philippine law that mandates the immunization of infants and children against vaccine-preventable diseases. The script references this act to emphasize the legal framework supporting the immunization efforts discussed in the video.

Highlights

The Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) aims to make vaccines available to all infants and children.

The goal of EPI is to reduce morbidity and mortality among children from common vaccine-preventable diseases.

Republic Act No. 10152 mandates health immunization for infants and children in the Philippines.

BCG vaccine is given at the earliest possible age to protect against tuberculosis.

Hepatitis B vaccine is administered at birth and requires three doses according to CDC guidelines.

Diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DTP) vaccine is given at six weeks, with three doses and four-week intervals.

Oral polio vaccine is given at six weeks, also in three doses with four-week intervals.

Hib vaccine is given at six weeks of age to prevent Haemophilus influenzae type b infection.

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) is administered at six weeks to protect against streptococcus pneumoniae.

Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine is given at 9 months and a second dose at 1 year of age.

All vaccines are crucial for preventing serious infectious diseases in children.

Vaccination schedules are designed to provide optimal protection at critical developmental stages.

The BCG vaccine is typically given via the intradermal route at birth.

Hepatitis B vaccine dosage is 0.5 ml and is administered intramuscularly.

DTP and polio vaccines are given in three doses with four weeks interval, starting at six weeks of age.

Hib vaccine dosage is 0.5 ml, administered via intramuscular injection in the vastus lateralis muscle.

PCV vaccine dosage is also 0.5 ml, given intramuscularly to protect against pneumonia.

MMR vaccine is given subcutaneously with a dosage of 0.5 ml.

Vaccines play a vital role in public health by reducing the spread of infectious diseases.