Vacuoles
Summary
TLDRThis educational video script delves into the fascinating world of vacuoles, a type of cell organelle. It explains that vacuoles are non-cytoplasmic areas within the cell, separated by a membrane, and can be found in both plant and animal cells. The script covers different types of vacuoles, including sap vacuoles in plants for storing water and minerals, contractile vacuoles in unicellular organisms for waste elimination, food vacuoles for digestion, and air vacuoles in prokaryotes for buoyancy. The video concludes with a challenge for viewers to identify three animal cells without vacuoles, encouraging interaction and further learning.
Takeaways
- 𧏠Vacuoles are non-cytoplasmic areas within the cell, separated from the cytoplasm by a membrane.
- đ± In plant cells, the largest vacuole is often central and stores water, minerals, and sap, contributing to cell rigidity and strength.
- đœ Vacuoles can be filled with various substances, including food, water, minerals, pigments, and waste materials.
- đŹ The membrane surrounding a vacuole is called the tonoplast, and the fluid inside is known as the tonoplast.
- đŒ Vacuoles are formed from the pinching off of the ends of the Golgi apparatus and can be categorized into four types: sap vacuoles, food vacuoles, contractile vacuoles, and air vacuoles.
- đ§ Sap vacuoles in plant cells are responsible for storing sap and maintaining turgor pressure and osmotic balance.
- đš Some vacuoles store pigments, giving cells different colors, such as anthocyanin.
- đïž Contractile vacuoles in unicellular organisms are responsible for waste elimination and osmotic regulation.
- đŽ Food vacuoles are involved in digestion, formed by the fusion of phagosomes with lysosomes.
- đš Air vacuoles, found in prokaryotes, store gases for respiration and buoyancy, helping bacterial cells float in water.
- đ§ The video challenges viewers to identify three examples of animal cells that do not contain any vacuoles and encourages them to share their answers in the comments.
Q & A
What are vacuoles and where are they found in a cell?
-Vacuoles are non-cytoplasmic areas present inside the cytoplasm of a cell, separated from the cytoplasm by a membrane. They are found in both plant and animal cells and contain various substances like sap, water, minerals, and other materials depending on the cell type.
What is the main function of vacuoles in plant cells?
-In plant cells, vacuoles are primarily responsible for storing water and minerals, maintaining turgor pressure, and providing structural support, which helps the plant stand upright. They also store food, waste materials, and pigments.
What is the tonoplast and what is its role?
-The tonoplast is the single membrane that surrounds the vacuole. It encloses the fluid inside the vacuole, known as the vacuolar sap, which contains various substances such as food, water, minerals, and pigments.
How are vacuoles formed in a cell?
-Vacuoles are usually formed from the pinching off of the ends of the Golgi apparatus, which then encloses the materials that need to be stored or segregated from the rest of the cytoplasm.
What are the different types of vacuoles mentioned in the script?
-The script mentions four types of vacuoles: sap vacuoles, food vacuoles, contractile vacuoles, and air vacuoles, each with specific functions and characteristics.
What is the role of sap vacuoles in plant cells?
-Sap vacuoles are abundant in plant cells and are responsible for storing sap, which includes water and minerals. They also store food, maintain turgor pressure, and store pigments, giving the cell different colors.
How do contractile vacuoles function in unicellular organisms?
-Contractile vacuoles in unicellular organisms expand to store waste and excess water or salt. They then move towards the cell membrane, collapse to release the substances, and reform the cell membrane, thus playing a role in osmotic regulation and excretion.
What are food vacuoles and how are they related to digestion?
-Food vacuoles are vacuoles that contain food, typically formed in unicellular organisms after phagocytosis. Lysosomes attach to these food vacuoles and carry out the digestion process, making food vacuoles essentially phagosomes.
What is the purpose of air vacuoles in prokaryotic cells?
-Air vacuoles, found exclusively in prokaryotic cells, store gases that aid in respiration and provide buoyancy, allowing bacterial cells to float at different levels in water and giving them structural support.
Can you provide examples of three animal cells that are devoid of any vacuoles?
-Examples of animal cells without vacuoles could include red blood cells, platelets, and certain types of nerve cells, as these cells have specialized functions and structures that do not require vacuoles.
Outlines
đż The Role of Vacuoles in Cells
This paragraph delves into the concept of vacuoles, which are non-cytoplasmic areas within cells separated by a membrane known as the tonoplast. Vacuoles serve various functions depending on their type and the organism they are found in. In plants, the central vacuole stores water, minerals, and sap, which contributes to the cell's rigidity and strength. Vacuoles can also store food, waste materials, and pigments, playing a crucial role in osmotic pressure maintenance. The paragraph also discusses different types of vacuoles, including sap vacuoles, which are abundant in plant cells and store a variety of substances, and contractile vacuoles, which are found in unicellular organisms and are responsible for waste elimination and osmotic regulation. Additionally, food vacuoles and air vacuoles are mentioned, with the latter being unique to prokaryotes and aiding in buoyancy.
đŹ Vacuole Types and Animal Cells Without Vacuoles
The second paragraph continues the discussion on vacuoles, focusing on their presence in unicellular organisms and multicellular organisms. It explains how food vacuoles are formed during phagocytosis and are involved in digestion. The paragraph also introduces air vacuoles, which are unique to prokaryotes and function in gas storage, aiding in respiration and buoyancy. Towards the end, the script poses a question to the audience, asking for examples of three animal cells that lack vacuoles, encouraging viewers to participate by sharing their answers in the comments section. The paragraph concludes with a call to action for viewers to like, share, and subscribe to the channel, and to explore full courses on the provided website and Android App.
Mindmap
Keywords
đĄVacuole
đĄCytoplasm
đĄTonoplast
đĄTonoplasm
đĄSap Vacuole
đĄContractile Vacuole
đĄFood Vacuole
đĄAir Vacuole
đĄOsmotic Potential
đĄGolgi Apparatus
đĄAnthocyanin
Highlights
Introduction to vacuoles as non-cytoplasmic areas within the cell.
Explanation of vacuoles being separated from cytoplasm by a membrane.
Description of vacuoles containing substances other than cytoplasm, such as sap in plants.
Differentiation between vacuole types based on the materials they store.
Role of the largest vacuole in plant cells for storing water and minerals.
Importance of vacuoles in maintaining turgidity and strength in plant cells.
Function of vacuoles in maintaining osmotic pressure and cell concentration.
Storage of pigments in vacuoles, giving different colors to plant cells.
Role of sap vacuoles in storing plant waste materials like latex and alkaloids.
Formation of contractile vacuoles for waste elimination and osmotic regulation.
Mechanism of contractile vacuoles expanding and collapsing to release substances.
Presence of food vacuoles in unicellular organisms for digestion.
Unique function of air vacuoles in prokaryotes for buoyancy and strength.
Involvement of the Golgi apparatus in the formation of vacuoles.
Identification of the tonoplast as the single membrane surrounding vacuoles.
Introduction of the term 'tonoplast' and its role in vacuole structure.
Engagement with the audience through a question about animal cells without vacuoles.
Encouragement for viewers to subscribe and engage with the YouTube channel.
Promotion of Manocha Academy's courses and apps for further learning.
Transcripts
hello everyone I have finally come to
the store room after ages where I store
my old clothes this reminds me of a
certain cell organ inside the cell can
you guess which one that's right it's
the
vaces vaces are non-cytoplasmic areas
present inside the cytoplasm that
remains separated from the cytoplasm by
a membrane what do I mean by
noncytoplasmic areas now these are
present in the cytoplasm these are like
Sachs but they don't contain cytoplasm
what do they contain they contain
several other things but mostly like in
case of plants they contain sap that is
water and minerals in case of a plant we
find the largest vacu occupying the
center of the cell storing water and
minerals in case of animal cells
depending on what type of cell it is
small medium or large vacul can be found
for example in a fat cell we find a very
large Central vacle storing fat in
animals whereas in other cells you will
find smaller vacul the membrane that
surrounds the vacu is a single membrane
which is known as the
tonoplast inside the membrane the fluid
that is present it can be food it can be
water minerals uh pigments Etc it is
known as tono plasm the vacul are
usually formed from the pinching off of
the ends of the Syne of Golgi apparatus
depending on the type of materials
present inside the vacul the vacul can
be of four types sap vacul food vacul
contractile vacul and air
vacul the sap vules are abundant in
plant cells they are responsible for
storing sap cap that is water and
minerals but that is not the only thing
that they store they have been found to
store food for example sucrose they have
been found to store water and minerals
which maintains turgidity of the cell
giving the plant cell a kind of strength
and rigidity it keeps the cell stretched
and expanded so that the cell gets that
strength and the plant can stand
straight it also is responsible for
maintaining osmo pressure that is it is
responsible for maintaining the
concentration of the cell and the cell
cytoplasm sa vacul have been found to
store pigments on the basis of that
these vaces have different colors for
example they store anthocyanin
Etc Sab vules are also responsible for
storing different kinds of plant waste
materials for example latex tannins
alkaloids are also stored in sap vacul
overall the sap vacul are very important
storage organy in plant cells the next
type of vacu that we see in amiba kind
of cells or unicellular organisms are
contractile vaces these vacul are
expandable and collapsable and that is
why the name contractile it looks like
they can actually contract and relax
so how are these vaces formed when the
cell has to store something inside the
cytoplasm or the cell has to surround
something with a membrane these vules
appear and they surround the substance
that the cell wants to segregate from
the rest of the cytoplasm separate from
the rest of the
cytoplasm this is diol or expansion that
creates the contractile vacu then the
contractile vacu moves slowly towards
the cell membrane and when it comes in
contact with the cell membrane it
collapses releasing the substances and
reforming the cell membrane that is
called systo so these vaces that appear
and disappear are contractile vacul and
they are responsible for eliminating
wastes and also responsible for
maintaining osmotic potential that is if
there is excess salt or excess water
inside the cell all this excess salt and
water can accumulate inside the vacu and
the vacu will throw it out of the cell
similarly wastes accumulate inside these
vaces and the wastes are thrown out of
the cell so contractile vacul are
responsible for osmo regulation and
excretion the third type of vacul are
found in ukari and procaryotes and these
are known as food vacul usually unicell
cellular organisms develop food vaces
but food vacul can also develop
otherwise in multicellular
organisms what is it it is basically the
vacu that contains food so when an amibo
cell carries out phagocytosis and takes
food inside this vacu is called food
vacle to which the lome will attach and
Carry Out digestion so food vules
essentially are phagosomes that is those
vaces which are formed by the joining of
the food vacu and the lomes last but not
the least as found in procaryotes there
is something called an air vacu now
these as the name suggests are capable
of storing gases the gases not only help
in respiration also makes the cell b so
that the bacterial cell can float in
different levels in the water it is also
responsible for giving the cell a
certain degree of strength exclusively
found in procaryotes these gas vacul are
important for buoyancy of the cell so
that was about vacul let me ask you a
question and let me see if you can find
out the answer can you give me examples
of three animal cells which are devoid
of any vacul let's see if you can find
the answer if you can please send your
answer in the comments below I eagerly
wait to read your comments and your
answers I do hope that you enjoyed this
video do hit the like button if you did
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