Kualitas Pendidikan di Indonesia Masih Rendah

Summary

The Indonesian demographic bonus is at risk due to the poor quality of education, as indicated by the 2020 census showing over 7% of the population as productive age but with low education levels as of November 2021. Despite a high education budget, Indonesia ranks poorly in global education quality. The country's human development index has dropped, and experts warn of a demographic disaster if improvements are not made. The government plans to revamp the curriculum and assessment methods to better align with learning needs and ensure quality education for all citizens without discrimination, aiming to bridge gaps and alleviate poverty by 2030.

Takeaways

• 📊 The demographic bonus in Indonesia is overshadowed by the poor quality of the 2020 census results, which show over 7% of the population is productive but with a low level of education.
• 📚 Data from BPS (Badan Pusat Statistik) in November 2021 indicates that the level of education in Indonesia is still dominated by those with low education levels.
• 💡 Various factors contribute to the lack of quality education for children in Indonesia, including low education quality in rural areas and the distance from schools.
• 💰 Despite an annual education budget of 550 trillion, Indonesia's education quality ranks as one of the worst in the world.
• 📈 According to the OECD PISA test in 2018, the skills of 15-year-old Indonesian students in reading, mathematics, and science are below average compared to other countries.
• 🔢 Since 2001, the skills of Indonesian students in reading, counting, and science have shown a tendency to stagnate.
• 🏫 The government acknowledges that although school participation has increased, children have not received quality learning experiences.
• 🚀 The lack of serious focus on educational interventions and policies has led to a stagnation in educational quality and development disparities between urban and rural areas.
• 🌐 Issues such as inadequate infrastructure, internet access, and socio-economic conditions affect the quality of education.
• 👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Parents and students may not see the incentive to pursue higher education when there are no high-skill jobs available, preferring to work and earn money directly.
• 📉 The World Bank's 2020 data shows a drop in Indonesia's Human Development Index from rank 87 in 2018 to 96, and according to the UNDP, it is ranked 107 in 2020.
• 🏢 Concerns are raised that if the quality of education in Indonesia is not improved, it may lead to a demographic disaster and affect the recruitment of Indonesian human resources by foreign companies.
• 🛠️ The government plans to change the assessment patterns at the regional level and the curriculum to improve the quality of education.
• 📚 The curriculum change aims to provide education that meets the learning needs of students and empowers teachers to deliver education tailored to students' needs.
• 📋 Law No. 20 of 2003 on Education states that the government and regional governments are obliged to provide services and facilities to ensure the availability of quality education for every citizen without discrimination.
• 🌐 Quality education is also a key factor in efforts to end disparities and poverty by 2030.

Q & A

What does the demographic bonus mean in the context of Indonesia's population?

The demographic bonus refers to the advantage a country has when a large portion of its population is of working age, which can lead to economic growth if the workforce is well-educated and employed productively.

What was the reported percentage of Indonesia's productive-age population according to the 2020 census?

The 2020 census indicated that more than 7% of Indonesia's population was of productive age.

What issue is highlighted by the discrepancy between the census data and the actual education quality in Indonesia?

The issue highlighted is that despite the census showing a large productive-age population, the actual quality of education in Indonesia is low, with a majority of the population having low levels of education.

What is the annual budget for education in Indonesia, and what is the criticism regarding its effectiveness?

The annual budget for education in Indonesia is 550 trillion, but it has been criticized for not resulting in improved education quality, making Indonesia one of the countries with the poorest education quality in the world.

How does Indonesia's education system compare to other countries in terms of reading, mathematics, and science skills among 15-year-olds?

Indonesia's performance in reading, mathematics, and science skills among 15-year-olds is below the average compared to other countries, as indicated by the PISA test results in 2018.

What has been the trend in Indonesia's educational skills since 2001 according to the SILC test?

The SILC test since 2001 has shown that Indonesia's skills in reading, counting, and science have been stagnant.

What factors contribute to the lack of quality learning experiences for children in Indonesia?

Factors contributing to the lack of quality learning experiences include insufficient focus on educational interventions, disparities in infrastructure between urban and rural areas, socio-economic issues, and lack of incentives for parents and students to pursue higher education.

What concerns do education experts have regarding Indonesia's demographic future if education quality does not improve?

Education experts are concerned about a demographic disaster if Indonesia's education quality does not improve, as it could lead to a large population that is not equipped with the necessary skills for economic participation.

How has Indonesia's Human Development Index (HDI) ranking changed according to the World Bank and UNDP data?

According to the World Bank, Indonesia's HDI ranking dropped to 96th in 2020 from 87th in 2018. The UNDP data placed Indonesia at 107th in 2020.

What is the government's plan to address the quality of education in Indonesia?

The government plans to change the evaluation pattern at the regional level, update the curriculum to better suit learning needs, and consider various aspects such as infrastructure, teacher support, parental involvement, and educational funding.

What does the Education Law No. 20 of 2003 state about the government's obligation to provide quality education?

The Education Law No. 20 of 2003 states that the government and regional governments are obliged to provide services and facilities, and ensure the implementation of quality education for every citizen without discrimination.