CIRCUITO PRODUCTIVO DEL TABACO

Summary

The script discusses the tobacco production circuit in Argentina, focusing on the provinces of Jujuy, Misiones, Salta, Tucumán, Corrientes, and Catamarca. It highlights the importance of climate, soil, and humidity for successful cultivation. The process involves preparation, sowing, transplanting, weeding, harvesting, curing, and delivery. Key stakeholders include landowners, tenants, producers, rural workers, companies, and the state. The script also touches on the history of tobacco, its spread after the arrival of the conquistadors, and the environmental issues related to deforestation and chemical use in tobacco farming.

Takeaways

• 📍 The tobacco production circuit is primarily in the northwest and northeast regions of Argentina, with Jujuy, Misiones, Salta, Tucumán, Corrientes, Catamarca, and Chaco being the main producing provinces.
• 🌿 Favorable natural conditions for tobacco production include an optimal temperature range of 18 to 28 degrees Celsius and a period free from frost for 90 to 100 days.
• 💧 Tobacco plants are sensitive to moisture levels; both excess and lack of water can adversely affect plant development and nicotine content.
• 🌱 The preferred soil for tobacco is deep, loamy soil that is well-drained and rich in nutrients.
• 🚜 Transformations for tobacco production involve clearing the land of weeds and imperfections, as well as maintaining soil looseness and moisture.
• 🔄 Key activities in the tobacco production circuit include sowing, transplanting, fertilizing, irrigation, weeding, harvesting, curing, drying, classifying, and packing.
• 👥 The main social agents involved in the tobacco production circuit are landowners, tenants, small, medium, and large producers, rural workers, service-providing companies, producer associations, buyers, and the state.
• 📈 The tobacco market includes both domestic sales for cigarette production and international exports to countries like China and Belgium, though exports have been impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic.
• 📜 Tobacco has a historical significance in America, initially used by natives for medicinal, dietary, and ceremonial purposes. Its industrial cultivation in Argentina began during the colonial period and has evolved with technological advancements.
• 🌳 Environmental issues related to tobacco production include deforestation for curing wood and contamination from pesticides and fertilizers, making it a significant environmental concern.

Q & A

What is the main topic of Joaquín Barrero's presentation?

The main topic of Joaquín Barrero's presentation is the productive circuit of tobacco, including its development, natural conditions, transformations, and social agents involved.

In which regions of the country does the tobacco productive circuit primarily take place?

The tobacco productive circuit primarily takes place in the northwest and northeast regions of the country, with the main producing provinces being Jujuy, Misiones, Salta, Tucumán, Corrientes, and Catamarca and Chaco.

What percentage of tobacco production is attributed to Jujuy province?

Jujuy province accounts for 86% of the tobacco production.

What are the optimal temperature ranges for tobacco cultivation?

The optimal temperature for tobacco cultivation varies between 18 and 28 degrees Celsius during its growth phase.

How does soil texture affect the quality of tobacco harvest?

Tobacco prefers light, deep soils that do not become waterlogged and are strong. The texture of the soil influences the quality of the harvest and the chemical content of the leaves.

What are the three transformations that society performs for tobacco production?

The three transformations for tobacco production include cleaning the soil, preparing the environment, and ensuring proper soil moisture and a frost-free period for the plants.

What are the main activities involved in the tobacco productive circuit?

The main activities in the tobacco productive circuit are sowing, transplanting, fertilizing, weeding, final harvesting, curing, drying, classifying, bundling, and delivering the tobacco leaves.

Who are the five social agents that intervene in the tobacco productive circuit?

The five social agents are owners, renters, small to large producers, rural workers, companies providing services like labor and crop protection, pools or associations of producers or companies, and the state which regulates the productive circuit activities.

Where is the tobacco primarily commercialized, and for what purposes?

Tobacco is primarily commercialized in the domestic market for industrialization and cigarette production, and in the international market for countries like China and Belgium, although exports have been affected by pandemic-related border closures.

What is the historical significance of tobacco in the Americas before the arrival of the conquistadors?

Tobacco was originally from America and was used by the natives for medicinal purposes, as a dietary supplement, and was indispensable in religious and military ceremonies, with a mystical significance in its use.

What are the environmental problems associated with the tobacco circuit?

The tobacco circuit is associated with deforestation, as wood is used for curing tobacco leaves, requiring 5.5 kg of wood per kg of cured tobacco. Additionally, tobacco plants require high amounts of pesticides and fertilizers, which can contaminate water sources.