SEJARAH BERDIRINYA RMS (Republik Maluku Selatan)

Summary

The video script narrates the historical establishment of the Republic of Maluku Selatan by Christian Robert Soekarno Gokil on April 25, 1950, amidst the backdrop of Indonesia's struggle for independence and the formation of the federal state. It touches on the resistance from figures like Christian Smokio, the Attorney General of East Indonesia, who opposed the unification of the state, leading to the rise of the RMS. The script also delves into the military and political dynamics of the time, including the role of former KNIL members and the diplomatic efforts by President Soekarno to resolve the separatism in Maluku, which unfortunately failed, leading to the deployment of TNI forces.

Takeaways

• 🌍 The Republic of South Maluku (RMS) was founded by Christian Robert Stephenson Soumokil on April 25, 1950.
• ⚖️ Najmi served as the Minister of Justice and Attorney General in East Indonesia.
• 🇮🇩 RMS remains a topic of discussion today and cannot be separated from Indonesia's federal system during the late 1940s and early 1950s.
• 🇳🇱 The formation of RMS is linked to the period of Dutch military aggression and the establishment of federal puppet states like Pasundan, Borneo, and East Indonesia.
• 🗓️ After the Round Table Conference in 1949, Indonesia was a federal state under the Dutch-Indonesian Union.
• 📜 Sukarno became the President of the United States of Indonesia (RIS) with the Republic of Indonesia as one of its states.
• 🛡️ Christian Soumokil opposed the transition back to a unitary state and wanted to maintain his position in East Indonesia.
• ✈️ Soumokil flew to Ambon on April 13, 1950, following the failed Andi Azis rebellion in Makassar.
• 🚩 The Republic of South Maluku was proclaimed on April 25, 1950, by Manuhutu under pressure from former KNIL forces and local supporters.
• 🕊️ RMS had its own flag and national anthem, with Ambon as its capital, and claimed territories including Ambon, Seram, and Buru islands.

Q & A

Who was Christian Robert Stephenson Gokil and what significant event is associated with his name?

Christian Robert Stephenson Gokil was the founder of the Republic of Maluku Selatan (South Maluku Republic), which was established on April 25, 1950.

What was the political structure of Indonesia during the period of military aggression by the Dutch until the mid-1950s?

During the period of Dutch military aggression until the mid-1950s, Indonesia was a federation, similar to the United States or Malaysia, which included the East Indonesia state as part of the Republic of the United States of Indonesia.

What was the significance of the Round Table Conference in 1949 for the political landscape of Indonesia?

The Round Table Conference in 1949 was significant as it led to the signing of an agreement that recognized Indonesia's sovereignty over its territory, from Sumatra to Maluku, despite the country still being in a federal form led by the United Kingdom and the Netherlands.

Who was Andi Azis and what role did he play in the establishment of the Republic of Maluku Selatan?

Andi Azis was a figure who led a rebellion in Makassar on April 5, 1950. After the failure of the rebellion, he fled to Ambon and played a role in the establishment of the Republic of Maluku Selatan.

What was the role of Jones Marwoto in the declaration of the Republic of Maluku Selatan?

Jones Marwoto, who was serving as the head of the Maluku region, was pressured by former Dutch soldiers (Manuhutu) to immediately proclaim the establishment of the Republic of Maluku Selatan, which he did on April 25, 1950.

What was the official stance of the Republic of Maluku Selatan regarding its independence from the Republic of Indonesia and the Republic of Indonesia Serikat?

The Republic of Maluku Selatan declared its de facto and de jure independence, forming a republic separate from any form of state connection with East Indonesia and the Republic of Indonesia Serikat.

What was the term used for the military force that was part of the Republic of Maluku Selatan?

The military force of the Republic of Maluku Selatan was known as Angkatan Perang RMS, which included former sergeants and soldiers of the Dutch East Indies Army (KNIL).

What was the flag of the Republic of Maluku Selatan and how did it change after 2011?

The flag of the Republic of Maluku Selatan was used until 2011. After 2011, the flag was dominated by the colors red with blue and white-green stripes on the left, featuring the white Maluku dove, known as the 'combo'.

What was the national anthem of the Republic of Maluku Selatan?

The national anthem of the Republic of Maluku Selatan was 'Maluku, Tanah Airku', which translates to 'Maluku, My Land'.

How did President Soekarno address the issue of separatism in Maluku?

President Soekarno attempted to diplomatically resolve the separatism issue in Maluku by sending a peace delegation led by a regional figure from Maluku, Johanes Leimena. However, the mediation efforts failed.

What was the consequence of the failed peace mediation and how did President Soekarno respond?

After the failure of the peace mediation, President Soekarno, as the Supreme Commander, had to take strict action by mobilizing the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) to address the separatist movement in Maluku.

Outlines

00:00

😀 Founding of the South Maluku Republic

The first paragraph outlines the historical context and events leading to the establishment of the South Maluku Republic (RMS). It mentions Christian Robert Soekarno as a key figure in the founding, which occurred on April 25, 1950. The paragraph also touches on the political landscape of the time, including the influence of the Dutch military aggression and the formation of a federal state system in Indonesia. The narrative describes the resistance against the idea of a unified state and the subsequent actions of Christian Soemoohio, who opposed the integration of the Republic of the Indonesian Federation (RIS) into the Republic of Indonesia. The paragraph concludes with the proclamation of the RMS's independence and the appointment of Jones Marwoto as its first president.

05:01

😨 Military and Political Struggles of RMS

The second paragraph delves into the military and political challenges faced by the RMS. It describes the official establishment of the RMS military forces, the claimed territories, and the national symbols such as the flag and anthem. The paragraph highlights the strengthening of RMS's military by incorporating former Dutch colonial soldiers and local armed youth, creating a formidable force. It also discusses the diplomatic efforts by President Soekarno to resolve the separatism in Maluku, which unfortunately failed due to the refusal of RMS's followers. The paragraph ends with a note on the escalation of the situation, leading to the deployment of the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) to address the separatist movement, and a cliffhanger regarding the fate of Chris Soumokil.

Keywords

💡Republik Maluku Selatan (RMS)

Republik Maluku Selatan (RMS) refers to the Republic of South Maluku, a state that was proclaimed on April 25, 1950, by Christian Soumokil. It is central to the video's theme as it represents the political entity that emerged from the desire for autonomy and self-governance among the people of South Maluku. The script mentions the establishment of RMS and its declaration of independence from the Indonesian state.

💡Christian Robert Soumokil

Christian Robert Soumokil is a key figure in the video, identified as the founder of RMS. He was the Attorney General of the Republic of Indonesia in East Indonesia before the establishment of RMS. His role is significant as he is portrayed as a leader who did not want to lose his position and influence, leading to the formation of a separate state.

💡Federal System

The federal system is a form of government in which power is divided between a central authority and constituent political units. In the context of the video, Indonesia was initially a federation, similar to the United States or Malaysia, with various states including East Indonesia. The script discusses the transition from a federal system to a unitary state and the implications for RMS.

💡Indonesia Timur

Indonesia Timur, or East Indonesia, was a part of the federal state of the Republic of Indonesia. It is relevant to the video's theme as it was the region from which RMS sought to separate and establish its own state. The script mentions the political dynamics within East Indonesia during the period of RMS's formation.

💡Konferensi Meja Bundar

The Round Table Conference of 1949 is a historical event mentioned in the script, which was a meeting between the Dutch and Indonesian representatives to discuss the transfer of sovereignty over the Dutch East Indies to Indonesia. The conference's outcome is significant as it led to the recognition of Indonesia's sovereignty, setting the stage for subsequent political developments, including the establishment of RMS.

💡Soekarno

Soekarno, also known as Sukarno, was the first President of Indonesia. In the video, he is depicted as a key political figure who had to navigate the complexities of the emerging RMS and the potential threats to national unity. His role is central to the narrative as he had to balance diplomatic efforts with the need to maintain the territorial integrity of Indonesia.

💡Pemuda Bersenjata

Pemuda Bersenjata, which translates to 'armed youth,' refers to the young individuals who were armed and became part of the military force of RMS. The script mentions their involvement in strengthening the military capabilities of RMS, illustrating the commitment and determination of the local population to defend their newly established state.

💡Panglima Angkatan Perang RMS

The Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of RMS is a military leadership position mentioned in the script. It highlights the organizational structure of RMS's military and the appointment of former soldiers from the Dutch colonial army (KNIL) to key positions, such as Dance Samson Thomas Nusi, to lead the armed forces.

💡Presiden RMS

The President of RMS is a significant political role in the video, with Jones Marwoto being appointed as the first president after the proclamation of the state. The presidency symbolizes the leadership and governance of RMS, and the script discusses the brief tenure of Jones Marwoto and his subsequent reaffirmation of loyalty to Indonesia.

💡Bendera RMS

The flag of RMS is a symbol of the state's identity and sovereignty. The script mentions the flag used by RMS until 2011 and its subsequent change to a new design dominated by red with blue, white, and green stripes. The flag represents the aspirations and independence of RMS.

💡Konflik Nasionalisme

Nationalism conflict refers to the tensions and struggles between different nationalistic movements, particularly in the context of the video, between the RMS and the central government of Indonesia. The script discusses the challenges faced by RMS due to the opposition from the Indonesian nationalism and the potential military threats.

Highlights

Christian Robert Stephenson Gokil founded the Republic of Maluku Selatan on April 25, 1950.

Najmi served as Minister of Justice and Attorney General in Indonesia.

RMS still exists today, separate from the federal system of the Indonesian state.

After the Dutch military aggression, many puppet states were established by the Dutch, including Pasundan and Borneo.

Indonesia was a federation of states, similar to America or Malaysia, with Yogyakarta and part of Sumatra remaining after the 1949 Round Table Conference.

Soekarno was appointed president of the United States of Indonesia, with Indonesia as a state within it.

There were disagreements over returning to a unitary state, with Christian Smokio opposing it as Attorney General of East Indonesia.

Andi Azis' rebellion in Makassar on April 5, 1950 failed, leading him to flee to Ambon.

Ambon was controlled by former Dutch colonial troops when Andi Azis arrived there on April 13, 1950.

Many former KNIL members joined APRIS, but some strongly refused.

With the support of local Ambonese people, a new state was established in Ambon.

Jones Marwoto, head of South Maluku region, was urged to proclaim the Republic of Maluku Selatan on April 25, 1950.

Jones Marwoto became the first president of RMS after the proclamation.

RMS claimed territories including Ambon, Seram and Buru islands, with Ambon as its capital.

RMS had a flag used until 2011, then adopted a new flag with red, blue, white and green stripes.

RMS strengthened its military with former KNIL sergeants and armed youths, facing opposition from Indonesian nationalism and the TNI.

President Soekarno sent a peace mission led by Johannes Leimena to resolve the separatism in Maluku, but it failed.

Soekarno had to take tough military action against RMS due to the failed mediation.

Transcripts

Hai Mbak er MS atau Republik Maluku

Selatan merupakan negara yang didirikan

oleh Christian Robert stephenson gokil

pada 25 April 1950 semua kill pernah

Najmi sebagai menteri kehakiman

Kejaksaan Agung di negara Indonesia

timur Lalu bagaimana si awal mula

pendirian negara RMS ini perlu kalian

tahu juga RMS sampai saat ini masih ada

loh kalau ngomongin RMS nggak bisa

dilepaskan dari sistem Federal negara

kita dulu guys untuk membahas RMS kita

wajib tahu bentuk negara kita dulu yaitu

pada masa agresi militer Belanda hingga

pertengahan 1950 Nah tadi saya

mengatakan tentang negara Indonesia

Timur ya ini merupakan negara bagian

dari wilayah Republik Indonesia Serikat

jadi dulu negara kita berbentuk federasi

ya kayak Amerika atau Malaysia gitu

Hai pasca Agresi Militer Belanda 2 sudah

mulai banyak berdiri negara-negara

federal yang bisa dibilang negara boneka

Belanda seperti negara Pasundan negara

Borneo Negara Indonesia Timur dan

negara-negara lainnya RI saat itu hanya

menyisakan Yogyakarta dan sebagian

Sumatera saja bahkan setelah Konferensi

Meja Bundar pada tahun 1949

ditandatangani negara kita masih

berbentuk federasi dibawa Uni

indonesia-belanda tapi bedanya bangsa

kita sudah diakui kedaulatan wilayahnya

dari Sumatera hingga Maluku kita bersama

belanda mendirikan Republik Indonesia

Serikat atau Ris kemudian Soekarno yang

sebelumnya adalah presiden RI diangkat

menjadi presiden Ris disini RI merupakan

negara bagian dari Ris ya setelah

beberapa bulan berbentuk federasi muncul

gagasan untuk kembali ke bentuk negara

kesatuan nah disinilah masalah mulai

muncul

mestinya ada pihak-pihak yang kontra

dengan gagasan membentuk negara kesatuan

Salah satunya yaitu Christian smokio

semakin saat itu merupakan Jaksa Agung

Negara Indonesia Timur ketika wacana

kembali ke bentuk negara kesatuan uncul

jelas semakin nampak ras hal tersebut ia

seakan tidak ingin kehilangan posisi di

negara Indonesia timur ia ingin ini

tetap berdiri ia tak ingin Angkatan

perang Republik Indonesia Serikat atau

Ris dari Pulau Jawa masuk ke wilayah

nit2 wakil adalah orang dibalik gerakan

Andi Azis yang meletus di Makassar pada

5 April 1950 setelah pemberontakan Andi

Azis dan pasukan bekas knil dinilai

gagal ia lantas terbang ke Ambon

menggunakan pesawat militer Belanda ia

tiba di Ambon pada 13 April 1950 saat

itu Kota Ambon dikuasai oleh bekas

pasukan knil Nah kalau kalian ga tau

kayaknya itu apakah ini yang merupakan

ke

jangan dari cone invite

nederlandsch-indie schlager atau tentara

kerajaan Hindia Belanda pasca MB

otomatis skyneel dibubarkan dan kemudian

apris atau Angkatan perang Republik

Indonesia Serikat telah Yang menaungi

keamanan negara

Hai banyak juga mantan anggota knil yang

bergabung dengan apris namun banyak pula

yang menolak bergabung dengan apris

mereka melakukan penolakan keras ketika

apris masuk ke ini t melihat banyaknya

pasukan yang sepaham dengannya dan juga

ribuan warga Ambon yang berkeinginan

mendirikan negara baru akhirnya semua

file bersama orang-orang lokal Ambon

segera mendirikan negara baru di

Hai saat itu Jones marwoto yang menjabat

sebagai kepala daerah Maluku Selatan

didesak untuk segera memproklamirkan

berdirinya negara republik Maluku

Selatan dibawah tekanan pasukan-pasukan

bekas knil Manuhutu kemudian

memproklamirkan berdirinya Republik

Maluku Selatan pada 25 April 1950

memenuhi kemauan yang sungguh-sungguh

tuntutan dan desakan rakyat Maluku

Selatan maka dengan ini kami

proklamirkan kemerdekaan Republik Maluku

Selatan de facto dan de jure yang

berbentuk republik lepas daripada segala

berhubungan ketatanegaraan Negara

Indonesia Timur dan Ris ucapan waktu

sebagai proklamator kemudian menutup

diangkat menjadi presiden pertama RMS

Lalu bagaimana dengan semua kill apa

jabatannya saat itu semua kira belum

memiliki pengaruh yang kuat di Ambon tak

sekuat Manuhutu ia kemudian menjabat

sebagai Menteri Luar Negeri RI

Hai Jones menurut uh hanya menjadi

presiden selama 14 hari saja terhitung

hingga tiga Mei 1950 kemudian ia

mengucap sumpah kembali setia kepada Ibu

Pertiwi

Hai semoga lantas mendapatkan jabatan

tertinggi di RMS sebagai presiden bekas

anggota knil yang turut dalam

pembentukan RMS pun kemudian naik

pangkat tinggi RMS Bond resmi berdiri

wilayah Rangers yang diklaim antara lain

pulau Ambon Pulau Seram dan Pulau Buru

yang merupakan pulau-pulau besar di

bagian Maluku Selatan ibukotanya adalah

Ambon Ini adalah bendera RMS yang

dipakai hingga 2011 setelah tahun 2011

RMS memiliki bendera yang didominasi

warna merah dan strip biru putih hijau

di kiri bendera lambang RMS menampilkan

burung merpati putih Maluku bernama

combo lagu kebangsaan RMS adalah Maluku

tanah airku Indonesia berdirinya negara

RMS tak semerta-merta berjalan mulus

pejabat-pejabat RMS sadar bahwa mereka

akan ditentang habis-habisan

nasionalisme kaum republik dan yang

ditakutkan adalah serangan dari tentara

apris yang akan menghancurkan

gerakan-gerakan separatis RMS pun

memperkuat pasukannya bekas Sersan

tentara knil diangkat menjadi Panglima

Angkatan Perang RMS seperti dances

Samson Thomas Nusi sopacua dan

lain-lainnya ratusan bekas anggota knil

dengan dibantu ribuan Pemuda bersenjata

tombak dan panah kemudian menjadi

kekuatan inti militer RMS dengan semakin

kuatnya militer MS Wajar saja jika

mereka cukup disegani oleh aktris atau

TNI hal ini cukup membuat Presiden

Soekarno Pusing dikarenakan darah

saudara sebangsa mungkin akan berjatuhan

karena konflik kepentingan

Hai untuk mengatasi separatisme di

Maluku Presiden Soekarno mengambil

langkah diplomasi damai dengan mengirim

tim yang diketuai oleh putra daerah

Maluku yaitu Johanes leimena

Hai namun upaya mediasi gagal semakin

dan pengikut-pengikutnya menolak ajakan

persatuan tersebut

[Musik]

Hai Jalan Damai dirasa buntu Presiden

Soekarno selaku Panglima tertinggi mau

tak mau harus menindak tegas movil CS

dengan menerjunkan pasukan TNI lalu

Bagaimanakah nasib Chris soumokil

[Musik]

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