God-Tier Developer Roadmap

Summary

This video script explores the vast landscape of programming languages, from beginner-friendly options like Scratch and Python to specialized and esoteric languages. It delves into the complexities of software engineering, highlighting the journey from junior developer to mastering various languages like Java, JavaScript, and even assembly. The script humorously touches on the overwhelming nature of the field, suggesting that learning one language may lead to a never-ending quest to understand them all, while also pondering deeper philosophical questions about knowledge and reality.

Takeaways

• 🌐 The video discusses a variety of programming languages, not focusing on the most lucrative, but rather on their unique characteristics and use cases.
• 📚 Scratch is highlighted as an accessible starting point for complete beginners, utilizing a block-based system to simplify the programming process.
• 🔢 The script mentions BASIC and FORTRAN as early languages designed to be beginner-friendly and their historical significance in making programming accessible.
• 🐍 Python is noted for its minimal syntax and widespread use, especially as a starting point for many programmers today.
• 🌐 JavaScript's necessity in web development is underscored, despite its syntactic quirks, due to its ubiquity in application development.
• 🛠️ The video touches on specialized languages like Bash and PowerShell for scripting and automation, emphasizing their role in terminal efficiency.
• 📘 HTML and CSS are recognized for their role in structuring and styling web content, with a humorous nod to their Turing completeness.
• 🔑 SQL is identified as the go-to language for database interactions, despite not being used for traditional programming.
• 🔄 The script discusses dynamic languages like PHP, Lua, Ruby, and their importance in specific domains such as web apps and game engines.
• 📐 Java and C# are presented as examples of statically typed languages that have shaped a significant portion of the software industry with their structure and scalability.
• 📱 For mobile app development, Kotlin, Swift, and Dart are mentioned as modern, statically-typed languages that are concise and feature-rich.

Q & A

What is the main focus of the video script discussing programming languages?

The main focus of the video script is to explore various programming languages across different categories, from beginner-friendly to complex and specialized, rather than suggesting the top language for making money.

Why is Scratch considered a good starting point for absolute beginners in programming?

Scratch is considered a good starting point for beginners because it allows users to drag and drop code blocks like Lego bricks, making the thinking process behind programming more accessible without the need to type out code.

What was the significance of BASIC in the history of programming languages?

BASIC (Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code) was significant because it provided a simple set of commands and was included in most personal computers, making it the go-to option for people learning to code for many years.

Why is Python often the first high-level language that people start learning today?

Python is often the first high-level language that people start learning today due to its minimal syntax that doesn't require curly braces or semicolons, and uses indentation to represent different blocks of code, making it beginner-friendly.

What is the role of JavaScript in web development?

JavaScript is essential for web development as it is required for creating interactive web applications. It is syntactically not as clean as some other languages but is a necessity for any developer working in web development.

What are some of the scripting languages that are useful for terminal-based tasks?

Scripting languages like Bash and PowerShell are useful for terminal-based tasks as they allow for programmatic interaction with the computer, enabling the automation of repetitive tasks instead of typing the same commands over and over.

What is the importance of SQL in the context of software development?

SQL (Structured Query Language) is important in software development as it is used for working with databases. It is not used for traditional programming but is essential for reading and writing data in a relational database.

Why might a developer choose to learn a language like PHP, Lua, or Ruby?

A developer might choose to learn languages like PHP, Lua, or Ruby because they are dynamic languages that are well-suited for certain projects. PHP is popular for server-side web apps, Lua is known for its speed and use in game engines, and Ruby is an easy-to-learn, object-oriented language used with the Rails framework for web apps.

What is the significance of Java in the history of programming languages?

Java is significant because it revolutionized programming with the Java Virtual Machine (JVM), allowing bytecode compiled from Java code to run on any computer architecture that supports the JVM, making it a versatile choice for developers.

What are some of the modern, low-level programming languages mentioned in the script?

Some of the modern, low-level programming languages mentioned in the script include Rust, which is preferred for its memory safety features, Go for its high performance and simplicity, and V, which is similar to Go but without a garbage collector and with its own auto-free innovation.

Outlines

00:00

🌐 Introduction to the Diverse World of Programming Languages

The script begins by setting the stage for an exploration of programming languages beyond the typical 'get rich quick' advice. It emphasizes the vast and varied landscape of software engineering, highlighting languages that are loved and loathed, and everything in between. The goal is to provide a roadmap for potential junior developers in 2023, while acknowledging the overwhelming nature of the field. The journey starts with beginner-friendly languages like Scratch and BASIC, moves through popular high-level languages such as Python and JavaScript, and then delves into more specialized and powerful languages, including PHP, Lua, Ruby, and SQL. The summary underscores the complexity and depth of the programming iceberg, suggesting that mastery of any single language is just the beginning of a much larger learning process.

05:01

🔧 Navigating the Intermediate and Specialized Programming Languages

This paragraph delves into the intermediate tier of programming languages, focusing on those that are popular but more specialized. It discusses the importance of scripting languages like Bash and PowerShell for terminal-based productivity, as well as HTML and CSS for web development. The paragraph also touches on the necessity of learning SQL for database interactions. It then transitions to the dynamic languages that are fit for various projects, such as PHP, Lua, Ruby, R, Julia, and the significance of static type systems in languages like Java, C#, TypeScript, Kotlin, Swift, Dart, and Go. The summary captures the transition from general-purpose languages to those that serve specific needs in software development, emphasizing the need for a deeper understanding as one progresses in their career.

10:03

🛠️ The Low-Level and Systems Programming Languages

The script takes a deep dive into the world of low-level and systems programming languages, which are essential for building operating systems, kernels, and compilers. It starts with the legendary C language, known for its influence on many other languages and its role in system development. The paragraph then moves on to discuss C++, a language that extends C with object-oriented features but is notorious for its complexity. It also mentions Rust, a modern alternative to C and C++, praised for its safety features and ease of use. The summary includes other languages like V, Zig, Nim, and Carbon, which are designed to improve upon the foundations laid by C and C++, each with its unique approach to memory management and system-level programming.

15:04

📚 Historical and Esoteric Programming Languages

This paragraph explores the historical significance of programming languages like FORTRAN, COBOL, Lisp, ALGOL, and their impact on the development of modern languages. It also touches on less conventional 'esoteric' languages designed more as art pieces or parodies, such as INTERCAL, BRAINF***, Chef, Shakespeare, Piet, LOLCODE, and Emojicode. The summary highlights the evolution of programming languages from their inception to the present day, acknowledging the contributions of older languages to the field and the playful creativity found in esoteric languages, which challenge traditional notions of coding.

🧠 The Philosophical Depths of Knowledge and Programming

In the final paragraph, the script takes a philosophical turn, pondering the nature of knowledge and reality in the context of software engineering. It questions the certainty of what is known about programming and the external world, touching on concepts like epistemology and the possibility of illusions or external control over one's mind. The summary encapsulates this existential reflection, suggesting that beyond the technical mastery of programming lies a deeper inquiry into the nature of understanding and existence itself.

Keywords

💡Programming Languages

Programming languages are formal languages designed to communicate instructions to a computer. They are essential tools in software engineering and vary greatly in their purpose, syntax, and application. In the script, a wide range of programming languages is discussed, from beginner-friendly to highly specialized, illustrating the vast landscape one must navigate to become a well-rounded developer.

💡Scratch

Scratch is a visual programming language developed at MIT, designed to make programming accessible to beginners by using a drag-and-drop interface to create programs. It's mentioned in the script as an excellent starting point for those with no prior programming knowledge, emphasizing its role in making the foundational concepts of programming more tangible.

💡Python

Python is a high-level, interpreted programming language known for its readability and minimal syntax. It is highlighted in the script as a popular choice for beginners due to its simplicity and the extensive support it receives from the developer community, making it a gateway to a wide range of programming applications.

💡JavaScript

JavaScript is a high-level, dynamic, and untyped language that is essential for web development. The script notes its syntactic peculiarities but underscores its ubiquity, suggesting that almost every developer will encounter it in their career due to its necessity in creating interactive web applications.

💡Static Typing

Static typing refers to a programming language feature where variable types are explicitly declared and checked at compile-time. The script discusses the transition from dynamic to static typing as developers move towards more complex software projects, highlighting languages like Java and C# that use static typing to enforce a more rigid and maintainable code structure.

💡Functional Programming

Functional programming is a paradigm where computation is treated as the evaluation of mathematical functions without changing state or data. The script introduces functional languages like Haskell, which emphasizes immutability and pure functions, as an alternative to object-oriented programming, offering a different approach to building software.

💡Assembly Language

Assembly language is a low-level programming language that is specific to a particular computer architecture. It is used to write programs in a form that is closely related to machine code and is mentioned in the script as the lowest level of programming before reaching the hardware itself, illustrating the deep end of the programming iceberg.

💡Esoteric Programming Languages

Esoteric programming languages are languages designed as a joke, for experimental purposes, or as art rather than practical use. The script humorously describes several esoteric languages, such as Chef and Shakespeare, which are characterized by their unconventional syntax and the playful or artistic intent behind their creation.

💡TypeScript

TypeScript is a statically typed superset of JavaScript that adds optional types to the language. The script mentions TypeScript as a way to enhance JavaScript with a type system, making it more suitable for large-scale applications and improving code maintainability and development efficiency.

💡Rust

Rust is a systems programming language that is designed to be memory-safe without the need for a garbage collector. The script highlights Rust as a modern alternative to C and C++, emphasizing its ability to provide safety and performance, which are critical for low-level programming and systems development.

💡Machine Code

Machine code is the lowest-level programming language, consisting of binary numbers that are directly executed by a computer's CPU. The script touches on machine code as the fundamental building block of software, representing the raw binary instructions that dictate the operation of computer hardware.

Highlights

The video explores programming languages beyond the popular ones, focusing on their place in the software engineering field.

Scratch is introduced as an accessible starting point for beginners with its block-based coding approach.

The historical significance of BASIC as a beginner-friendly language is discussed, highlighting its widespread availability in personal computers.

Python's popularity is attributed to its minimal syntax and indentation-based code blocks, making it a go-to for many developers.

JavaScript's necessity in web development, despite its syntactic quirks, is emphasized.

Bash and PowerShell are highlighted as scripting languages that allow for programmatic interaction with the computer.

HTML and CSS are recognized as non-traditional programming languages that define website structure and style.

SQL is identified as the common language for database manipulation, despite not being used for regular programming.

The video discusses the dynamic type system of languages like PHP, Lua, Ruby, R, and Julia, and their specific use cases.

Java's impact with the Java Virtual Machine and its syntactic challenges for beginners are covered.

C# is presented as a similar yet more user-friendly alternative to Java, with applications in Unity and .NET Framework.

TypeScript extends JavaScript with a type system, improving manageability in large projects.

Kotlin, Swift, and Dart are mentioned as modern, statically-typed languages for mobile app development.

Go is introduced as a high-performance language designed for low-level systems, with a simple syntax for beginners.

Functional programming languages like Haskell are explored, emphasizing immutability and lack of side effects.

F# and Scala are highlighted as functional languages that also support object-oriented and imperative programming.

C and C++ are recognized for their influence and use in building operating systems and highly optimized software.

Rust is introduced as a modern alternative to C and C++, with memory safety features and no garbage collector.

Esoteric languages like INTERCAL, Brainfuck, and LOLCODE are presented for their artistic and unconventional approaches to programming.

Assembly language and machine code are discussed as the lowest levels of programming, tied directly to CPU architecture.

The philosophical question of knowledge and reality is raised, suggesting the limits of human understanding even in the field of software engineering.

Transcripts

you've likely seen videos on youtube

telling you the number one programming

language to learn right now if you want

to be rich that's not what we're doing

today instead we're going to travel to

the deepest darkest depths of the

software engineering field to discover

the programming languages that are loved

hated beautiful ugly and compiled

interpreted useful weird and everything

in between if you make it to the end

you'll have a roadmap for everything you

need to know to land a job as a junior

developer in 2023 or it might just make

you extremely depressed because this

iceberg is just the tip of the iceberg

of what you actually need to learn

choose any language and you'll find

another iceberg within this iceberg that

goes on forever like a mandelbrot set

which ironically you can represent and

code with any one of the languages we're

about to look at before we get started

there's quite a few programming icebergs

out there but this one ranks languages

based on where i think you might

encounter them as a beginner learning

how to code from scratch each level has

its own theme so let's get right into it

with languages that are designed to make

programming as easy as possible if you

know absolutely nothing about

programming the best place to start in

my opinion is scratch it was developed

at mit like some other languages on this

list but instead of typing out code you

drag and drop these blocks together like

lego bricks to represent things like

variables control flow and operators it

makes the thinking process behind

programming much more accessible and you

might be surprised at what you can

actually build with it

long before scratch though we had basic

or beginner's all-purpose symbolic

instruction code which came out of

dartmouth in 1964. at the time fortran

was all the rage but it wasn't beginner

friendly basic provides a bunch of basic

commands like print go to and four and

was included in most personal computers

which made it the go-to option for

people learning to code for the next 50

years now moving on to the next tier we

have the extremely popular dynamic

high-level languages the language most

people start with today is python

primarily because of its minimal syntax

it doesn't require curly braces

semicolons and stuff like that and

instead uses indentation to represent

different blocks of code the other

popular high-level language is

javascript syntactically it's pretty

ugly but it's a requirement if you want

to do web development and almost every

developer will have to touch it at some

point in their career any application

that can be written in javascript will

eventually be written in javascript now

after learning one of these languages

you'll be able to build pretty much

anything you can imagine and you could

have an entire career as a software

engineer without going any further down

the iceberg but you don't want to be on

your deathbed wondering if you should

have tried out php on this next tier we

have languages that are extremely

popular but a little more specialized

programmers like to get things done from

the terminal and there are scripting

languages like bash and powershell that

allow you to interact with your computer

programmatically instead of typing out

the same commands over and over again

write a bash script to make it

reproducible now if you get into web

development you'll also need to learn

html and css which when combined

together arguably form a turing complete

programming language they're not used

for programming in the traditional sense

but rather to define the structure and

style of a website and if i were to say

html is not a programming language i

would be immediately canceled by the

tech community in addition most apps

need a database and the most common

language for working with databases is

structured query language you can call

it sql sql or squeal this turn complete

although not used for regular

programming but rather to read and write

data in a relational database now python

is great and all but there are many

other dynamic languages that might be a

better fit for certain projects like php

made it easy to build server-side web

apps in the 90s and is still very

popular today lua is easier and faster

than python and is embedded into many

engines like roblox and world of

warcraft ruby is an easy to learn object

oriented language also commonly used to

build web apps with the rails framework

if you work in data science you'll come

across r which is used for statistics

and data vis or julia a more modern

option also used for scientific

computing the one thing all these

languages have in common is a dynamic

type system however as you build more

complex software you may realize that

you need a more rigid framework and one

way to accomplish that is with a static

type system this tier makes up the bulk

of production code out in the world

first up we have java which kind of

revolutionized programming with the java

virtual machine it compiles to bytecode

that runs on the jvm and that allows

developers to target any computer

architecture from a single codebase

syntactically it's an absolute dumpster

fire for beginners i made an entire

video about why people hate java but

having explicit types in your code can

make it much easier to understand and

refactor and modern ides like intellij

will pretty much make the code write

itself java is legendary but it was

followed up by microsoft with c-sharp

it's similar to java in many ways but

gets a lot more love from its users it's

used to build games with unity as well

as web and desktop apps with the.net

framework another well-loved tool from

microsoft is typescript it takes

javascript and adds a type system on top

of it making it much easier to work with

on large complex projects if you're

building a mobile app today you'll

likely be working with kotlin for

android swift for ios or dart with the

flutter framework these languages are

all statically typed but they go about

it in a more modern concise way with

features like type inference that

minimize boilerplate code next up we

have go which is a high performance

language developed at google to build

low-level systems it was designed as a

replacement for c and ken thompson one

of the original creators of c helped

design it the syntax is nice and concise

making it approachable to beginners and

it has a garbage collector which means

unlike c developers don't need to worry

about manual memory management okay so

at this point we've reached the level of

the iceberg where most people are afraid

to go any deeper things are gonna get

weird what happens is that many

developers get jaded with these big

heavy object-oriented languages and go

searching for a better way at this level

we have functional languages the most

famous of which is haskell instead of

classes inheritance and all kinds of

crazy design patterns the only

abstraction you really need is the

function it was inspired by the miranda

language and is named after the

mathematician haskell curry most

importantly variables are immutable and

functions have no side effects

surprisingly you can build almost

anything with these limitations although

most production code out there is not

functional most of us run into problems

when trying to figure out what a monad

is which in layman's terms is just a

monoid in the category of n-functors

haskell is great but microsoft developed

a functional sister language to c-sharp

called f-sharp unlike haskell which is

purely functional f-sharp is also

imperative and object-oriented making it

more approachable to developers coming

from higher up in the iceberg now if you

hate java a good alternative is scala

like f-sharp it supports both

object-oriented and functional

programming but it runs on the jvm it's

statically typed but there's another jvm

language called clojure that is both

functional and dynamic and this makes it

more well suited for getting things done

quickly with the trade-off of type

safety other popular functional

languages include ocaml which is used

extensively at facebook and elixir which

has a very nice ruby-like syntax and is

capable of building high-performance

real-time web apps there's also elm

which is a purely functional language

that compiles to javascript which can

build front-end uis with zero runtime

errors but now it's time to go one level

deeper to the heart of the iceberg these

languages are absolute chats they're

low-level systems languages that can

manually manage and optimize memory and

are used to build things like operating

system kernels and compilers that make

all the other soy-based languages

possible the most legendary of which is

c it was used to build the windows mac

and linux operating system kernels and

its curly brace syntax inspired many

other languages on this list

surprisingly it's not all that hard to

learn and has a relatively small set of

keywords to memorize however being able

to use it effectively requires extensive

knowledge of algorithms and computer

architecture for example c doesn't have

hash maps or dictionaries so you'll have

to learn how to code up that data

structure on your own c was the perfect

programming language when it came out in

1969 but it only supported procedural

programming and eventually developers

wanted more c plus was originally a

super set of c designed to extend it

with object-oriented programming

patterns like classes and inheritance

unlike c it's extremely hard to learn

and provides many opportunities to not

only shoot yourself in the foot but blow

your entire leg off this is a reference

to manual memory management with

pointers which got that name because

they're just as dangerous as pointing a

gun at someone despite its learning

curve it's an extremely prolific

language used to build highly optimized

software like game engines compilers and

so on d and c plus are still extremely

relevant today but the modern chad tends

to prefer rust for low level programming

it doesn't have a garbage collector but

unlike cnc plus plus it uses a technique

called borrow checking instead of

pointers for memory management this

makes it much easier to write memory

safe programs and consistently ranks as

the most loved language in the world the

languages on this tier are extremely

popular but now we descend further into

the modern languages that you probably

haven't heard of first up we have v

which is a high performance systems

language that feels very similar to go

but unlike go it doesn't use a garbage

collector and unlike rust it doesn't do

borrow checking but it can still create

memory safe applications with its own

auto free innovation where the compiler

basically cleans everything up i have no

idea how it works but it looks cool

another modern replacement 4c is zig

it's designed to simplify low level

programming by eliminating features like

macros and meta programming and is very

explicit when it comes to memory

management and it can cross compile cnc

plus plus just like clang zig is not to

be confused with nim another high

performance language that's very

expressive like python but is statically

typed and interestingly it has a tunable

garbage collector that can be turned off

altogether to enable manual memory

management recently google announced

carbon designed to be a successor to c

plus plus what makes it special is that

it can fully interop with a legacy c

plus code base another low-level

specialty language is solidity it's a

statically typed object-oriented

language but is designed for

implementing smart contracts especially

on the ethereum blockchain then we've

got hack from facebook which is designed

to interop with php the original website

was built with php but they needed a

language with better performance and a

type system to scale it up to the

monstrosity that it is today there are

many other good modern languages at this

point in the iceberg like crystal hacks

and pharaoh just to name a few but now

it's time to go down to the next level

where we look at languages that are

still either widely used or historically

important but not something you would

likely choose to program in fortran was

the first high-level programming

language and was by far the most popular

language for many years intel c came

around not long after fortran lisp was

invented in 1958 it pioneered many ideas

we take for granted in computer science

today like dynamic typing higher order

functions recursion and repel it

inspired many other languages like

racket scheme closure and to a certain

extent javascript another highly

influential language that came out this

year was algorithmic language it's a big

complex language and never got as

popular as fortran but its type system

and use of expressions had a major

influence on the development of c and c

plus plus the following year in 1959

cobalt was born if you want to make

money in the 2020s learn cobol because

over 40 percent of banking systems still

use it with over 200 billion lines of

code in production today in 62 apl first

appeared which stands for a programming

language it implements linear algebra

directly into the language with a

multi-dimensional array or matrix being

the central data type this leads to

extremely terse code that resembles

mathematical notation and makes heavy

use of the greek alphabet in 1970 pascal

was invented and took the programming

world by storm it's a procedural

language with a familiar syntax and also

had very fast compile times it

eventually became the most popular

language in the early 1980s before the

rise of c a few years later there are

many other important languages from this

time period like simula the first

object-oriented language that went on to

inspire small talk which itself inspired

many other object-oriented languages

like python java and ruby then there's

erlang a concurrent functional

programming language that basically

powered the entire telecom industry and

is still in use today there's ada a

general purpose language named after ada

lovelace who's generally considered the

world's first computer programmer it was

extremely popular in the 1980s and is

still used today by the department of

defense to blow people up in addition we

should mention prologue the language

that pioneered logic programming and

meta language which pioneered the

polymorphic type system used by other

statically type functional languages

like haskell there are many other

historical languages we could talk about

but now it's time to descend into the

realm of the esoteric where we find rare

and bizarre languages that feel more

like works of art than engineering tools

the first known esoteric language came

out in 1972 and was called intercal

which stands for compiler language with

no pronounceable acronym it was designed

as a parody to make fun of the languages

of the day like algol and fortran it has

an entire paradoxical reference manual

that makes no sense and has an

interesting choice of keywords like

please and mingle please doesn't

actually do anything but it makes you a

more polite programmer next up we have

brain brain is most well known for being

extremely minimal urban mueller created

breakback in college and it works by

initializing an array then gives you a

pointer and eight different characters

to manipulate memory in that array this

results in a code base that will

your brain up it inspired another

language called male bulge or maybe it's

malbulgia which is named after the

eighth circle of hell in the divine

comedy or dante's inferno if you thought

brain was difficult this language takes

things to a whole nother level it makes

programming so difficult that i can't

even summarize how it works in a single

sentence if that's a little too dark a

far more fun language is chef which is

stack based and is designed to make your

code look like a cooking recipe instead

of concise keywords it uses sentences

like put ingredient into mixing bowl to

push a value onto the stack put these

commands together to create a hello

world souffle then specify how many it

serves to write it to the standard

output that's pretty cool but it may

seem kind of silly to an intellectual

the shakespeare programming language

will make your code look like a

shakespearean play it provides the low

level control of assembly with the

verbosity of 16th century poetry but if

words aren't really your thing then a

good language choice would be piet which

is named after piap mondrian it's also

stack based but you write code utilizing

patterns of 20 different colors on a

bitmap image the end result is a code

base that looks like abstract art now if

you're a crazy cat lady you're really

going to love this next language lol

code which provides a developer

experience similar to an llcap meme you

open a program by saying hi then end it

by saying k thanks bye loops can be

performed with i'm in your or broken out

of with i'm out of year that's nice and

easy to understand but it would be even

better if it included emojis emoji code

is a language where the syntax is

entirely based on emojis modern

developers like to use so many emojis in

their documentation that this language

would just streamline the entire process

it's a fully featured object-oriented

language where you can define code

blocks with grapes and watermelons

classes with rabbits and generics with

shells and eggplants another language

that's not necessarily esoteric is c

minus minus it's designed as a portable

assembly language that borrows heavily

from sea but omits many of its features

the ultimate dialect of c though is holy

see which was created by terry a davis

used to build temple os an operating

system written under the direction of

god holy c is actually really cool

because it works like c but it's just in

time compiled on the operating system

which means you can use it like a

scripting language that can interact

directly with the operating system

kernel and that brings us to the final

tier the absolute lowest level you can

go with your learning as a software

engineer assembly is a language of which

there are many variations that

correspond directly to the architecture

on the cpu different cpu architectures

like x86 and arm require different

machine code instructions assembly

allows you to represent this code with

simple commands that manipulate values

on the cpu's registers now if that looks

too easy the next level down is machine

code at this point we're looking at ones

and zeros or raw binary usually

represented in hexadecimal format to

code at this level you'll need to have

intimate knowledge of the computer's

architecture and also be able to count

in binary but if we go beyond machine

code now we're looking at billions of

transistors on a cpu a single transistor

represents one bit like a one or zero by

controlling the amount of electricity

that flows through a piece of silicon

now in order to do anything useful the

transistors need to be organized into

logic gates like not and or exclusive

ore and so on ultimately it's these very

simple chunks of logic that perform the

miracle of taking some electricity as an

input that can produce some other

electricity as an output and do it

billions of times per second all over

the world so you can play video games

with your friend in vietnam if that was

too easy then you may want to look into

the field of quantum electrodynamics you

fully understand how these particles

behave in the electromagnetic quantum

vacuum you can then use your skills to

build a next-gen blazingly fast quantum

computer and become the richest person

in history at this point in the iceberg

there's only one place left to go the

scariest place of all yourself once you

know everything the question becomes

what is knowledge epistemology is the

theory of knowledge and philosophers

still don't have a good answer to this

day reality only exists within my own

mind for all i know the entire external

world and all the knowledge i've

acquired are just illusions and

projections from my own ego maybe

there's a god-like being that controls

all the sensations and knowledge

received by my mind or perhaps my real

body isn't a vat of goo and i'm already

living in zuckerberg's metaverse or

maybe i never came out of that ayahuasca

trip i took 10 years ago the only thing

i really know is that i know nothing

thanks for watching and i will see you

in the next one