UNIT 1: LANGUAGE AND COMMUNICATION, LESSON 1: THE NATURE OF LANGUAGE, Part 1
Summary
TLDRThis video script introduces a course on 'Purposeful Communication Using English in a Multilingual Context.' It covers the nature of language, types of communication, and communication processes. The script emphasizes the unique human capacity for complex language use, distinguishing it from animal communication. It defines language components such as phonology, syntax, pragmatics, morphology, and semantics, highlighting language's role in social interaction and thought. The importance of language acquisition and the concept of a speech community are also discussed, aiming to deepen understanding of linguistics and communication.
Takeaways
- đ The course focuses on 'Purposeful Communication using English in a Multilingual Context', emphasizing the importance of understanding language and communication in various settings.
- đŻ The first unit is divided into three lessons: the nature of language, types of communication, and the communication processes, principles, and ethics.
- đ€ The instructor prompts students to define language in their own words and discuss its importance and use, encouraging personal reflection and engagement.
- đ The definition of language by Medrano and Martin highlights its creation alongside human life, emphasizing the unique human capacity for complex language use in communication.
- đŁïž Interpersonal communication is identified as the primary form of language use, distinguishing human language from animal communication which lacks the same structured system.
- đ Language is characterized by having a system of rules (grammar), phonology (study of speech sounds), syntax (arrangement of words), pragmatics (practical use in social interaction), morphology (structure and form of words), and semantics (study of meaning).
- đ Language serves as a medium for thought and a tool for social interaction, underlining its role in connecting individuals within a community.
- đ„ A 'speech community' is defined as a group of people who share a common language or dialect and can understand each other, which is central to language acquisition.
- đ¶ Language acquisition is portrayed as a natural process where humans develop the ability to perceive, comprehend, and use language for communication, suggesting an innate capacity for language learning.
- đ The script provides a comprehensive overview of language components and encourages active participation from students, fostering a deeper understanding of communication in a multilingual world.
- đ The importance of following a specific format when posting answers is emphasized, indicating the structured approach the course takes towards student engagement and assessment.
Q & A
What is the main topic of the video script?
-The main topic of the video script is 'Purposive Communication Using English in a Multilingual Context', focusing on the nature of language, types of communication, and communication processes, principles, and ethics.
What are the three lessons that compose the unit on language and communication?
-The three lessons are: Lesson one - The Nature of Language, Lesson two - The Types of Communication, and Lesson three - The Communication Processes, Principles, and Ethics.
What is the first learning outcome for Lesson One on the nature of language?
-The first learning outcome is to demonstrate an understanding of the key concepts in language and communication.
How does the instructor ask students to respond to the question about the definition of language?
-The instructor asks students to provide their own perspective on what language is, its importance, and why we use it, in one to two sentences, and to post their answer in the comment section within two days.
According to Medrano and Martin, what is language?
-Language, according to Medrano and Martin, is a wonderful and dynamic human capacity created alongside human life, which allows humans to use complex language for communication, constructing and maintaining our social world.
What is interpersonal communication?
-Interpersonal communication is the act of having a conversation with another person, either virtually or in person, which is how we learn and use language.
Why is it said that only humans are capable of producing language?
-Only humans are capable of producing language because unlike animal communication, humans can organize sounds into a meaningful system with rules, creating complex language structures.
What are the five key aspects of language according to linguists?
-The five key aspects are phonology (study of speech sounds), syntax (arrangement of words in sentences), pragmatics (practical use of language in social interaction), morphology (study of structure and form of words), and semantics (study of meaning).
What does the term 'conventional way' refer to in the context of language?
-'Conventional way' refers to what is generally expected by people based on what is common at a specific time in a specific culture.
What is a speech community?
-A speech community is a group of people who use language and can understand each other, sharing the same set of rules in the language system.
What is language acquisition?
-Language acquisition is the process by which humans gain the ability to perceive, comprehend, and produce language, suggesting an innate capacity to learn language that is present from birth.
Outlines
đ Introduction to Purposive Communication
The script opens with a warm welcome and introduction to the topic of 'Purposive Communication using English in a Multilingual Context.' It outlines the structure of the unit, which is divided into three lessons focusing on the nature of language, types of communication, and communication processes, principles, and ethics. The instructor sets the learning outcomes for the first lesson and encourages students to share their perspectives on language in the comment section within a two-day timeframe. The importance of language in communication and its distinction from animal communication is highlighted, emphasizing that language is a uniquely human capacity for complex expression and interpersonal interaction.
đ Defining Language and its Distinction from Animal Communication
This paragraph delves into the definition of language as presented by Madronio and Martin, describing it as a dynamic human capacity that emerged with human life itself. It contrasts human language with animal communication, noting that while animals can signal their emotions, only humans can produce a complex system of language. The paragraph also introduces the concept of interpersonal communication as a primary form of language use, allowing for the exchange of ideas and emotions. The instructor emphasizes the uniqueness of human language production and its role in constructing and maintaining our social world.
đ Essential Components of Language
The script continues by breaking down the essential components that constitute a language, as agreed upon by linguists. It discusses the system of rules or grammar, phonology which is the organization of speech sounds, syntax which arranges words in sentences, pragmatics which is the practical use of language in social interaction, morphology which studies the structure and form of words, and semantics which is the study of meaning. Each component is crucial for understanding how language functions as a complex and structured system of communication.
đŁïž Language as a System of Communication
This paragraph explores the concept of language as a system of communication, highlighting its spoken and written forms. It emphasizes the conventional nature of language, which is based on what is generally expected within a specific culture and time. The script also touches on the idea of a speech community, where people share a common language or dialect and can understand each other. The concept of language acquisition is introduced, describing it as the process by which humans naturally learn to perceive, comprehend, and use language for communication, suggesting an innate capacity for language learning.
Mindmap
Keywords
đĄLanguage
đĄCommunication
đĄInterpersonal Communication
đĄPhonology
đĄSyntax
đĄPragmatics
đĄMorphology
đĄSemantics
đĄSpeech Community
đĄLanguage Acquisition
đĄLinguist and Linguistics
Highlights
Welcome to the subject 'Purposive Communication using English in Multilingual Context'.
Unit 1 covers three lessons: the nature of language, types of communication, and communication processes, principles, and ethics.
Learning outcomes for Lesson 1 include understanding key concepts in language and communication and relating personal experiences to the lesson.
Define language as a dynamic human capacity for complex communication, distinguishing it from animal communication.
Interpersonal communication is the primary form of language use, involving conversation with others, either virtually or in person.
Animals can communicate emotions through sounds, but only humans can produce language.
Language is commonly defined as a means of communication, but this definition must distinguish human language from animal communication methods.
A language must have a system of rules (grammar), phonology, syntax, pragmatics, morphology, and semantics to be considered a language.
Phonology is the study of speech sounds in a language, focusing on their organization and use.
Syntax involves the arrangement of words in sentences and phrases, following grammatical rules.
Pragmatics is the practical use of language in social interaction, considering the relationship between the sender and receiver.
Morphology examines the structure and form of words, including prefixes, suffixes, and base words.
Semantics is the study of meaning, references, and truth in language.
Language is a system of communication through spoken or written words, structured conventionally within a specific culture.
Language serves as a medium for thought and facilitates social interaction within a community.
A speech community is a group of people who share a common language or dialect and can understand each other.
Language acquisition is the process by which humans gain the ability to perceive, comprehend, and use language for communication.
We are born with an innate capacity to learn language, which is evident in the process of language acquisition.
Transcripts
right
hello good day everyone I hope
everything is going well with you and I
welcome you all to our subject purposive
communication using English in
multilingual context
I hope that you are in a comfortable
seat whatever you are watching this
pre-recorded video
and without further Ado let's start with
our lessons for unit 1 language and
communication
so this unit is composed of three
lessons and these are the following
lesson one the nature of language lesson
two the types of communication lesson
three the communication processes
principles and ethics okay before we
start let's have first our learning
outcomes for lesson one nature of
language
our first learning outcome is to
demonstrate an understanding of the klbs
in the language and communication and
our last learning outcome is to relate
your personal experiences with the input
provided okay next
to start with our lesson I have a
question on board stated what is
language
so in one to two sentences
I want you to provide your own
perspective on what is language the
importance of language and why do we use
language and post your answer on the
comment section within two days after I
posted this pre-recorded video and
posting your answer beyond that day then
your answer your answer will be
considered as void I hope that's clear
okay
let's define Language according to the
book of madronio and Martin
and by the way please follow this format
stay tuned full name first and followed
by your answer
okay again this follow this format that
following then automatic no score
simple okay let's start let's define a
language according to Medrano and Martin
so what is language
together with the creation of human life
is the creation of a wonderful and
dynamic human capacity and that is
language
so it means that humans have the
capacity to use
um complex language
far more than any other species on Earth
and we cooperate with each other
to use language for communication
because language is often used to
communicate about and even construct and
maintain our social world but the
question is
how do we actually use it
and to be sure
some of us use it to write Diaries and
poetries but the primary form of
language use
is interpersonal communication I know
that you have acknowledged what is
interpersonal communication and if you
say and interpersonal communication
interpersonal communication
it is the way of
um having a conversation with the other
person virtually or personally and
that's how we learn language and that's
how he is it okay
and
animals are said to be able to
communicate with each other
the whales can sing The Wolves can howl
the dogs can bark and the birds can
chirp
and
wait and the sounds that these creatures
produce often reflect the state of their
emotions while
it may be true that animals communicate
but remember only human being are
capable of producing language
yes it is true that animals can
communicate but they are not capable of
producing language
only human can produce a language
and if you say communicate
foreign
[Laughter]
and again
animals are said to be able to
communicate with each other because of
uh
uh the state of their emotions only okay
because of the state of their emotions
to better understand let's proceed with
our next slide
language is commonly defined as a means
of communication
but if it is defined so then there will
be no difference between human
communication and animal communication
their reason is
both animals and human do have means to
communicate okay
always
like means on how to communicate
okay I hope that's clear
like for example
a monkey may be able to signal to its
partner that is sharing food the word
signal oh the signal the monkey will
produce sounds and gestures but will not
be able to organize that sound into a
meaningful system with rules
but on the other hand
human beings are able to communicate
their desire to share food through
several ways that are understandable to
other human beings so um
happen to understand other human beings
like for example a human being they may
other word food a monkey
food
I'm a monkey
next
raise the question want some food
okay
several ways that are understandable to
other human beings on sharing food
another or get or give a statement I'd
like to share this food with you
I'd like to share this food with you
it's possible impossible
again monkey may be able to sing now
to its partner that is sharing food with
the use of their sounds in gestures but
only uh but uh human being
produces like sound and just sure to
share a food or many several ways that
are understandable to other human beings
I hope that's clear
next
what is language example
so linguists agree that
a language can only be called a language
if it has the following
okay if if it has the following someone
is language
first is the system of rule
system of rule or also known as grammar
so a language
following a grammar
next is the phonology what is phonology
phonology is the study of house towns
are organized and used in a natural
language
so in short um phonology it is the study
of speech sounds again it is the study
of speech sounds of a language or
languages and the term also phonology it
refers to the sound or science system of
any particular language variety and that
is phonology
next next aspect is the syntax
syntax error the initial about
mathematics
so syntax is the arrangement of words in
sentences classes and phrases so in
short
uh the syntax is the study of motto uh
study of sentences and phrases and the
rules of grammar that sentences obey so
the system of rule of the syntax okay
okay
Arrangement the structure of words into
sentences in process and in phrases okay
again
next we have pragmatics what is
pragmatics from the word bra it's
practical the Practical use of language
or how human beings evaluate the
language
utilized in social interaction as well
as the relationship between the uh
Historia
the sender and the receiver and that is
pragmatics
next we have morphology
so what is morphology
morphology is the study of structure and
form of words so it is the study of
words and their parts and that is
morphology so in morphology
more films so I'm more famous
prefixes suffixes and base words and
more themes uh and more films defined as
the smallest uh meaningful units of
meaning and that is morpheme and
morphology is the structure and form of
words
morphology and morpheme see morphology
and structure and form of Words
which defined as the smallest meaningful
units of meaning I hope that's clear and
I hope confusion about morphology and
morphe
last aspect we have the semantics so
what is semantics
oh semantics is the study of meaning
references a meaning and of course a
truth
so these are the following aspects
according to linguists language
phonology syntax pragmatics morphology
and semantics and by the way linguist is
someone who studies language and
Linguistics is the study of language can
I don't be confused about linguist and
Linguistics again linguist is someone
who studies language why Linguistics is
a study of
hey I hope that's clear
next
language the method of human
communication it's either spoken or
written consisting of the use of words
in a structured and conventional way and
if you say conventional way
um it refers to what is generally
expected by People based on what is
common at a specific time in a specific
culture and that is conventional way
conventional way now and language
next language is a system of words or
science that people used to express
thoughts and feelings to each other
so if we say a system of words or sign
so it refers to the letters the hand
gestures and body gestures to express
thoughts and feelings to each other
system of words
next
like for example uh like for example
and B
um and be aware if we say about what is
sex is uh sex
biological so it's male or female if you
say gender it's masculine and feminine
so
um
application form
male or female
feminine or masculine
okay
it's because it's biological so male or
female
next language is a system of
communication it is a medium for thought
and it's social interaction so
a system of communication
language Buddha is a medium for thought
and language is a social interaction so
it means that it is where you are having
a social interaction to the people that
surrounds you
language in terms of social interaction
that's
speech give me
from the word itself
community
okay let's find out
so speech Community
when people use language and they can
understand each other then they belong
to the same speech Community
like for example the word and
if I'm not mistaken it is one of the
good one in words
um
and if I talk to you or like for example
if I talk to my friend Japanese and
if he doesn't know what I mean uh what I
am talking or asking about
a Japanese friend huh
[Music]
foreign
they can't understand each other and
they belong to speak to the same speech
community
language
okay I hope that's clear like for
example
um they can understand each other
because in their speech Community people
can share the same set of rules in the
language system Japanese friend
voila
same rules in terms of language systems
I considered my friend Japan I
considered my friend a Japanese
delicious
next
it is a group of people sharing a Common
Language or dialect and that is a speech
Community okay
belong or she belongs to your speech
Community
understand each other
next we have B language acquisition
so while growing up
people acquire the languages used by
those in the community
and this is the process of language
learning
so language learning it is the process
by which humans acquire the capacity to
perceive and comprehend language in
order or in other words
to gain the ability to be aware of
language and to understand it and that
is language acquisition as well as to
produce and use words and sentences to
communicate we are learning language we
are acquiring uh more languages
so in short a language accusation
suggests that we are
we are born with something in our genes
that allows us to learn language
like for example
the Spanish expression of uh uh
semi-spanish expression bit wait
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