METODOLOGI PENELITIAN - Cara Mudah Menemukan Tema dan Masalah Penelitian

Summary

In this video, Muhammad Hafid from Universitas Negeri Semarang provides a comprehensive guide on how to write Chapter 1 of a thesis or dissertation, particularly for quantitative research. He explains the process of defining a research theme, identifying the research problem, and determining research gaps, including phenomenon, research, and theoretical gaps. Hafid offers step-by-step instructions on how to structure Chapter 1, including explaining ideal and real conditions, reviewing prior research, proposing solutions, and highlighting the significance and originality of the study. The video is designed to help students approach their research systematically and effectively.

Takeaways

• 😀 Understand the importance of defining the research theme and problem in the context of quantitative research.
• 😀 The research problem should be rooted in observable gaps in phenomena or existing research (research gap).
• 😀 A problem is defined as the difference between expected outcomes and actual results (phenomena gap).
• 😀 The theme of the research typically represents the dependent variable, which is what the research aims to investigate.
• 😀 For undergraduate (S1) students, focusing on the gap between expected and actual results is sufficient.
• 😀 For graduate students (S2) and Ph.D. candidates (S3), it's important to identify gaps in both research findings and theories.
• 😀 Empirical facts should support the problem statement, such as statistical data or concrete examples of underperformance or failure.
• 😀 Literature review is crucial in identifying and supporting research gaps, providing background on previous studies and theories.
• 😀 The research objective should be aligned with the identified research problem and formulated clearly in the research questions.
• 😀 The significance of the research must be clearly stated, explaining both its theoretical and practical contributions.
• 😀 Originality is essential, especially for advanced degrees, where new variables, models, or analytical techniques should be introduced to contribute to the field.

Q & A

What is the importance of the research theme in a research paper?

The research theme is the central focus of the study, and it guides the entire research process. It helps in identifying the variables, the underlying issues, and in formulating the research problem that will be addressed. A clear and well-defined theme ensures that the research is focused and relevant.

What is a 'phenomena gap' in research?

A phenomena gap refers to the discrepancy between what is expected or ideal and what actually occurs in reality. This gap highlights an issue that needs investigation, such as underperformance or inefficiency, which forms the basis of the research problem.

What is the difference between 'research gap' and 'phenomena gap'?

A research gap is identified by differences in findings from various studies, or between a study's findings and existing theory. A phenomena gap, on the other hand, is a gap between expected and actual outcomes or conditions. Both gaps point to areas requiring further research.

What should a researcher do if they are unclear about the research problem?

If a researcher is unclear about the research problem, they should break down the issue into smaller components and investigate existing literature to understand the theoretical and empirical context. Identifying discrepancies between expectations and reality often helps in framing a clear problem.

What are the three types of research gaps mentioned for different levels of study (S1, S2, S3)?

For S1 students, the research gap can be identified through phenomena gap and, optionally, research gap. S2 students should address both phenomena and research gaps. For S3 (doctoral) students, they must also consider theoretical gaps, which include differences between theories.

How should the background of a research paper be written?

The background should first present the ideal or expected condition of the research theme. Then, it should describe the current state or empirical reality, highlighting any discrepancies. The background should also justify the need for the research and discuss potential solutions to bridge the gap.

How can a researcher identify the key variables in their research?

A researcher can identify key variables by reviewing relevant literature and understanding the factors that influence the research theme. These variables could include dependent and independent variables, which are crucial for formulating the research problem and hypothesis.

What role does literature review play in identifying a research gap?

A literature review helps identify the existing research findings and theories, enabling the researcher to pinpoint areas where there are contradictions, under-explored topics, or insufficient evidence. It serves as a foundation to highlight the research gap and justify the need for further investigation.

What are the steps involved in writing the research problem in Chapter 1?

The research problem should be written by first explaining the research theme, then discussing the phenomena gap or research gap, followed by a clear articulation of the variables involved. The researcher should also discuss previous studies and propose a potential solution to the gap identified.

What is meant by 'originality' in a research paper?

Originality refers to the novelty and contribution of the research to existing knowledge. It can be demonstrated through new variables, models, or analytical methods. For advanced studies (S3), the research should ideally introduce new theories or frameworks to advance the field.