Video Pembelajaran : Pemberian Imunisasi pada Bayi dalam Mata Kuliah Keperawatan Anak

Summary

In this instructional video, Budi Utami demonstrates the proper preparation and administration of vaccines for babies, covering BCG, Hepatitis B, DPT, Polio, and Measles. She explains age-specific schedules, proper storage, and essential tools like syringes, disinfectants, and gloves. The video details step-by-step procedures for safe injection or oral administration, including angles, doses, and aspiration techniques, while emphasizing gentle handling and calming the baby. Parents are guided on normal side effects, fever management, and the importance of documenting each immunization. The video offers a clear, practical guide for healthcare workers to ensure safe, effective, and reassuring vaccination experiences for infants and their caregivers.

Takeaways

• 😀 BCG immunization is given at 1 month of age, injected at the upper arm to protect against tuberculosis.
• 😀 Vaccines must be kept in an ice thermos (kulbok) to maintain their effectiveness during transport.
• 😀 The Hepatitis C vaccine is administered at 3 months of age along with the DPT vaccine, with polio drops given orally.
• 😀 The correct dosage for BCG is 0.1 cc, and if the baby is older than 2 months, a Mantoux test for TB must be conducted first.
• 😀 A 9-month-old baby will receive the measles vaccine, administered via an intramuscular injection in the upper arm.
• 😀 Before administering the vaccine, all tools (e.g., syringes, disinfectants, gloves) must be prepared, and hands must be washed.
• 😀 When giving the vaccine, it is important to ensure the baby is calm and to aspirate before injecting to ensure no blood is present.
• 😀 Common side effects of vaccination include fever, which is usually normal, and may be treated with warm water compresses or paracetamol if it exceeds 38°C.
• 😀 Measles vaccine is administered at a 45-degree angle, and it’s crucial to aspirate before injecting to check for blood.
• 😀 Always document the immunization on the baby’s immunization card (KMS) to keep track of the vaccine history for future reference.

Q & A

What is the first immunization given to a baby at the age of one month?

The first immunization given at one month is the BCG (Bacillus Calmette–Guérin) vaccine, which provides immunity against tuberculosis.

What is the correct storage condition for vaccines before administration?

Vaccines must be stored in a kulbok (a cold box) or an ice thermos to ensure they remain at the correct temperature and do not lose effectiveness.

Why is it important to know the baby's age before administering immunization?

Knowing the baby's age is crucial because different vaccines are given at specific age intervals, and administering them at the wrong time may not be effective or could lead to complications.

What is the significance of the 0.1 cc dosage for the BCG vaccine?

The BCG vaccine for babies is given in a 0.1 cc dosage. This precise measurement ensures the correct amount is administered for effectiveness and safety.

What should be done if a baby has a positive Mantoux test before receiving the BCG vaccine?

If a baby's Mantoux test (used to test for tuberculosis exposure) is positive, the BCG vaccine cannot be administered, and further evaluation is necessary.

How is the polio vaccine administered to babies?

The polio vaccine is administered orally by dropping three drops into the baby's mouth. This is done when the baby is around 3 months old.

What should a mother do if her baby experiences side effects after vaccination?

If side effects like fever occur, the mother should give the baby paracetamol if the fever exceeds 38°C or compress with warm water if the temperature is below that. It is important to consult a doctor if symptoms persist.

What should be done to minimize pain when giving an injection to a baby?

To minimize pain, it is recommended to use a small-size needle, ensure the injection site is clean and calm the baby during the process. A gentle approach helps reduce discomfort.

What is the DPT vaccine, and how is it administered?

The DPT vaccine is for diphtheria, pertussis (whooping cough), and tetanus. It is administered via an intramuscular injection into the thigh of babies, starting at around 3 months of age.

What is the process for administering the measles vaccine to a 9-month-old baby?

The measles vaccine is given through an intramuscular injection in the upper arm at a 45° angle. The dosage is 0.5 cc, and the injection site should be cleaned with disinfectant beforehand.