SEJARAH KERAJAAN SINGASARI

Summary

The Singasari Kingdom, located in East Java, was founded by Ken Arok in 1222 CE. Initially a servant, Ken Arok seized power by killing his superior, Tunggul Ametung, and marrying Ken Dedes. He later overthrew the Kediri Kingdom, marking the rise of Singasari. After Ken Arok’s assassination in 1227, his successors, Anusapati, Tohjoyo, and Ranggawuni, faced internal conflict and betrayal. Under King Kertanegara, Singasari reached its peak, but following his rejection of Mongol rule, the kingdom fell to a Mongol invasion and a rebellion led by Jayakatwang, ending Singasari’s reign in 1292 CE.

Takeaways

• 😀 The Singasari Kingdom was founded by Ken Arok in East Java, originating from the Tumapel region.
• 😀 Ken Arok, initially a servant, killed Tunggul Ametung, the leader of Tumapel, to take control of the region and marry Ken Dedes.
• 😀 Tumapel was a vassal of the Kediri Kingdom, and Ken Arok eventually rebelled against the Kediri Kingdom, leading to its fall and the rise of Singasari.
• 😀 After Ken Arok's death in 1227, his son, Anusapati, took the throne and ruled Singasari for 21 years.
• 😀 Anusapati was killed by Tohjoyo, the son of Ken Arok, seeking revenge for his father's death.
• 😀 Tohjoyo briefly ruled Singasari but was soon killed by Ranggawuni, Anusapati's son, in the same year.
• 😀 Ranggawuni assumed power in 1254 and appointed his son, Kertanegara, as the crown prince of Singasari.
• 😀 Kertanegara became the ruler of Singasari in 1268 and was instrumental in the kingdom's golden age.
• 😀 During Kertanegara's rule, Singasari's economy flourished, primarily through agriculture and trade along the Brantas River.
• 😀 The kingdom faced a Mongol invasion after Kertanegara refused to submit to the Mongol leader, Kublai Khan, leading to its eventual downfall in the face of a rebellion led by Jayakatwang.

Q & A

Who was the founder of the Singasari Kingdom?

The Singasari Kingdom was founded by Ken Arok, who initially served as a servant before seizing control of Tumapel.

How did Ken Arok come to power in Tumapel?

Ken Arok killed Tunggul Ametung, the ruler of Tumapel, and took over the leadership. He also married Ken Dedes, the wife of Tunggul Ametung.

What role did Tumapel play before the establishment of the Singasari Kingdom?

Before the establishment of Singasari, Tumapel was a subordinate region of the Kediri Kingdom, which was ruled by King Kertajaya.

How did the Singasari Kingdom come into conflict with the Kediri Kingdom?

Ken Arok, having taken control of Tumapel, rebelled against the Kediri Kingdom, leading to a successful attack that resulted in the fall of Kediri and the rise of Singasari.

Who succeeded Ken Arok as the ruler of Singasari?

After Ken Arok's death in 1227, his son, Anusapati, succeeded him as the ruler of Singasari.

What was Anusapati known for during his reign?

Anusapati was known for his love of cockfighting, which he prioritized over other state matters during his reign.

How did Anusapati's reign end?

Anusapati was murdered by Tohjoyo, who was seeking revenge for the death of Ken Arok, his father.

Who ruled Singasari after Anusapati's death?

After Anusapati's death, Tohjoyo took over the throne of Singasari, but his reign was short-lived, as he was killed by Ranggawuni, the son of Anusapati.

What major event took place during the reign of Kertanegara?

Kertanegara, the ruler of Singasari, refused to submit to Kublai Khan of the Mongol Empire, leading to a Mongol invasion of the kingdom.

How did the Singasari Kingdom eventually fall?

The Singasari Kingdom was overthrown following an uprising by Jayakatwang, who killed Kertanegara during a celebration, leading to the kingdom's collapse.