Interaksi Manusia dan Komputer (IMK) Minggu 2 : Faktor Manusia

Summary

This lecture explores human factors in human-computer interaction (HCI), focusing on how humans interact with technology through sensory inputs like vision, hearing, and touch. The system involves input processing and output, with sensory data processed in the brain leading to physical actions. Key components of a computer system—hardware, software, and brainware—are discussed. The lecture emphasizes the importance of designing user interfaces that consider human sensory limitations, including vision and hearing, and motor skills. It also highlights the role of cognitive processing in achieving efficient human-computer interaction.

Takeaways

• 😀 Human-computer interaction involves input from human senses, processing by memory/brain, and output through actions like using the hands.
• 😀 Human-computer systems consist of three main aspects: hardware, software, and brainware (human aspect).
• 😀 Hardware (e.g., CPU, monitor, keyboard) aids in human-computer interaction by supporting the process of data handling.
• 😀 Software (e.g., system software, application software) assists the user in performing tasks through interaction with the hardware.
• 😀 Brainware refers to the human element involved in operating and overseeing the system, such as system analysts, programmers, and operators.
• 😀 The human sensory system, including sight, hearing, and touch, plays a key role in interacting with computers, requiring attention during interface design.
• 😀 When designing computer interfaces, the characteristics of human vision such as contrast, brightness, and color accuracy should be considered.
• 😀 Color selection for interfaces should prioritize readability, with attention to the psychological, perceptual, and cognitive effects of color combinations.
• 😀 Hearing is crucial for alerting users to important information, so sound design in interfaces should be clear and not disruptive.
• 😀 The sense of touch plays a role in computer interaction, especially with keyboards and touchscreens, requiring designs that are comfortable and intuitive.
• 😀 Motor control, such as typing speed and accuracy, can be improved with practice and repetition, allowing faster and more efficient interaction with technology.

Q & A

What are the main components of a human-computer interaction system?

The main components are input, process, and output. The input comes from human senses, the process involves the brain or memory, and the output is the physical response or action.

How is the human sensory system modeled in the context of computer interaction?

The human sensory system is modeled as input through the five senses, processed by the brain, and then results in an output which can be a physical action.

What are the three key aspects of a computer system?

The three key aspects are hardware (physical components like CPU, monitor, keyboard), software (programs used for interaction), and brainware (human components such as system analysts, programmers, and technical support).

Why is vision an important factor in human-computer interaction?

Vision is crucial because most computer interactions involve visual interfaces. Design considerations must account for different visual abilities, such as the impact of luminance, contrast, and color combinations on readability.

What are some considerations when designing the visual aspects of an interface?

Considerations include the luminance of displayed elements, the contrast between light and dark areas, the sharpness of the display, and ensuring the appropriate use of colors to maintain readability and avoid confusion.

How do color combinations affect user experience in interface design?

Color combinations must be chosen carefully to ensure readability and prevent confusion. For instance, certain combinations, like red and green, should be avoided as they can be difficult to distinguish, particularly for colorblind users.

What role does hearing play in human-computer interaction?

Hearing is important for auditory feedback in interfaces. Sounds should be clear and appropriately loud—not too harsh or too quiet—to enhance user experience without causing discomfort or hearing damage.

What factors influence the design of touch-based interfaces?

Touch interfaces should be responsive and comfortable to use. The pressure needed for actions like pressing buttons or typing should be considered, with a focus on ensuring comfort and ease of use, especially for users with limited dexterity.

How is motor control relevant in human-computer interaction?

Motor control is important because it involves the physical actions users take, such as typing or moving a mouse. Effective motor control improves with practice, and designing interfaces that support motor skills, such as providing appropriate key sensitivity or touchscreen responsiveness, is essential.

What are the key differences between human sensory processing and computer system processing?

In humans, sensory inputs (like sight, sound, and touch) are processed in the brain, leading to intellectual processing and motor responses. In computers, input is processed through hardware and software, resulting in output based on algorithms and data processing.