BAB 7 | ILMU KALAM | MATERI PAI KELAS XII SMA/SMK

Summary

This video discusses the concept of Ilmu Kalam, a branch of Islamic theology that focuses on rational and logical arguments to establish matters of faith. It delves into its definitions, sources, and the key areas of study, including discussions about the nature of Allah, the role of prophets, metaphysical matters, and Islamic eschatology. The video also explores the sources of Ilmu Kalam, such as the Quran, Hadith, human reasoning, and instinct, as well as its purpose in defending Islamic faith and strengthening believers' understanding through philosophical and logical approaches.

Takeaways

• 😀 Ilmu Kalam is the study of Islamic theology, focusing on rational and logical discussions about faith, the existence of Allah, prophethood, and metaphysical matters.
• 😀 The term 'Ilmu Kalam' means 'science of speech' or 'discourse,' emphasizing logical reasoning in theological discussions.
• 😀 Ilmu Kalam helps to understand key aspects of Islam, including Allah's attributes, prophethood, angels, and the afterlife.
• 😀 The primary sources of Ilmu Kalam are the Quran, Hadith, human reasoning, and instinctive beliefs about the existence of God.
• 😀 The Quran is a major source, with verses discussing Allah's oneness, His attributes, and the relationship between God and His creation.
• 😀 Hadiths provide important teachings and guidance from the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) that are crucial for understanding faith-related matters.
• 😀 Human reasoning and instinct are also considered sources of knowledge in Ilmu Kalam, helping believers strengthen their faith through logical arguments.
• 😀 Ilmu Kalam utilizes two main methods: **dalil naqli** (scriptural evidence) and **dalil aqli** (rational argumentation) to support theological discussions.
• 😀 The purpose of studying Ilmu Kalam is to defend against incorrect beliefs, strengthen faith with philosophical reasoning, and address theological issues in Islam.
• 😀 Ilmu Kalam aims to address theological deviations in other religions and ensure that Islamic beliefs remain intact, focusing on the core concepts of Iman (faith), Islam (submission), and Ihsan (excellence).
• 😀 The study of Ilmu Kalam encourages critical thinking about Islamic beliefs, ensuring that adherents do not stray from the correct path and reinforcing the importance of logical reasoning in faith.

Q & A

What is the main topic discussed in the video?

The main topic of the video is 'Ilmu Kalam,' a branch of Islamic theology that deals with rational discussions about faith, God, and religious matters based on logic and philosophical reasoning.

What does the term 'Ilmu Kalam' mean in the Indonesian language?

The term 'Ilmu Kalam' refers to knowledge about a specific field that is organized systematically using certain methods. 'Kalam' in Arabic means 'words' or 'speech,' referring to rational and logical discussions.

What is the primary focus of Ilmu Kalam?

The primary focus of Ilmu Kalam is rationality and logic, and it is deeply connected to the study of logic or 'Ilm al-Mantiq.' It discusses theological matters, primarily focusing on establishing beliefs using reasoned arguments.

According to Al-Farabi, what does Ilmu Kalam discuss?

According to Al-Farabi, Ilmu Kalam is a discipline that discusses the essence and attributes of Allah (God) and addresses issues related to divine attributes and metaphysics.

What are the four main areas of study within Ilmu Kalam?

The four main areas of study in Ilmu Kalam are: (1) issues related to Allah (e.g., His existence, names, and attributes), (2) prophethood and the study of prophets and messengers, (3) metaphysical topics (e.g., angels, jinn, and the soul), and (4) matters related to the unseen, such as the afterlife, paradise, and hell.

What are the main sources of Ilmu Kalam?

The main sources of Ilmu Kalam are the Quran, Hadith, human reasoning (thoughts), and instinct, with the Quran and Hadith serving as the foundational texts, while human reasoning and instinct contribute to interpretation and understanding.

How does the Quran contribute to Ilmu Kalam?

The Quran contributes to Ilmu Kalam by providing direct references to divine matters, including descriptions of God's oneness, attributes, and His role as the Creator, as well as addressing issues of faith, existence, and metaphysical concepts.

What is the significance of Hadith in Ilmu Kalam?

Hadith plays an important role in Ilmu Kalam as it contains sayings and actions of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), which serve as key references for understanding Islamic beliefs, teachings, and predictions about the future, including discussions about salvation and faith.

What is the purpose of studying Ilmu Kalam?

The purpose of studying Ilmu Kalam is to strengthen the foundation of faith, reject false beliefs, provide logical reasoning to support Islamic teachings, and address theological challenges posed by other religions or ideologies.

What are the benefits of learning Ilmu Kalam?

The benefits of learning Ilmu Kalam include reinforcing knowledge about Islam, preventing deviations from the true teachings of Islam, and applying rational arguments to understand and defend Islamic beliefs in a coherent manner.