MASA ORDE BARU DI DALAM BIDANG POLITIK, SOSIAL BUDAYA, MILITER, PRESTASI DAN PENYEBAB MUNDURNYA
Summary
TLDRThis lecture focuses on the 'Orde Baru' era in Indonesia (1966-1998), covering its economic, political, social, cultural, and military aspects. The speaker discusses key developments such as the 'Trilogi Pembangunan' (Trilogy of Development), which aimed to boost economic growth, equity, and national stability. The Green Revolution and land reforms are highlighted, alongside the challenges faced, such as corruption and growing social inequality. The lecture also explores the government's treatment of ethnic Chinese citizens and the military's influential role in politics. It concludes by addressing the causes of the Orde Baru’s eventual collapse in 1998.
Takeaways
- 😀 The New Order (Orde Baru) in Indonesia was established after the political instability and failures during the Old Order, especially after the G30S-PKI events and internal conflicts.
- 😀 Soeharto became the second president of Indonesia, focusing on stabilizing the nation politically and economically.
- 😀 The primary goals of Orde Baru's political policies included banning the PKI, restoring political stability, and creating a single-party system.
- 😀 The economy during Orde Baru saw significant recovery, with a focus on high economic growth, agricultural development, and industrialization.
- 😀 The 'Trilogy of Development' was the main economic policy, consisting of economic growth, equitable development, and social justice for all citizens.
- 😀 The Green Revolution in Indonesia aimed at agricultural modernization and achieving food self-sufficiency, known as Swasembada Pangan, which was largely successful by the fifth development plan (Repelita V).
- 😀 Transmigration programs were implemented to address population density by relocating people from densely populated areas to less populated regions.
- 😀 Orde Baru saw significant improvements in education and health, such as the Wajib Belajar (Compulsory Education) program and the Family Planning program.
- 😀 The military had a dual role (ABRI) in politics and society, influencing both governance and social stability.
- 😀 The New Order regime eventually collapsed due to rising corruption, nepotism, social inequality, and regional dissatisfaction, culminating in the 1998 crisis.
- 😀 Despite economic successes, there were negative environmental impacts from over-reliance on chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and social challenges, especially with the transmigration program and regional disparities.
Q & A
What were the primary causes behind the emergence of the Orde Baru (New Order)?
-The Orde Baru emerged due to the failure of the Ampera Cabinet, the G30S/PKI incident, internal conflicts within society, and instability in politics and the economy. The desire for a government based on the 1945 Constitution and Pancasila also played a role.
What were the main goals of the Orde Baru government in terms of political, economic, social, and military fields?
-The main goals were to analyze and improve the political and economic development of Indonesia, stabilize society, strengthen the military, and address the causes leading to the collapse of the Orde Baru.
What was the significance of the 'Tritura' (Three Demands of the People)?
-The Tritura, which demanded the dissolution of the PKI, a reduction in prices, and a cabinet reshuffle, was a key moment that laid the foundation for the Orde Baru government.
How did the Orde Baru government address domestic political stability?
-The government focused on stabilizing domestic politics by dissolving the PKI, enforcing subversive laws, simplifying the political party system, and organizing multiple elections from 1971 to 1990.
What was the approach of the Orde Baru government to foreign policy?
-The government emphasized a free and active foreign policy, normalizing relations with Malaysia after previous tensions and joining the United Nations in 1966.
How did the Orde Baru tackle Indonesia's economic issues during the early years of its rule?
-The government focused on stabilizing the economy, which had suffered from high inflation, by forming economic policies, collaborating with international donors, and engaging economic experts to reform agriculture and other sectors.
What was the purpose of the Repelita (Five-Year Development Plans), and how many were there?
-The Repelita were aimed at driving economic growth, achieving social equity, and improving living standards. There were six Repelita, the first starting in 1969 and the last one concluding in 1998.
What was the 'Green Revolution' in the context of the Orde Baru?
-The Green Revolution aimed to increase agricultural productivity by adopting modern farming methods, including the use of superior seeds, fertilizers, irrigation, and pest control, resulting in increased food production and achieving self-sufficiency in staple crops.
What were the positive impacts of the Green Revolution in Indonesia?
-Positive impacts included the creation of jobs in agriculture, improved food production, increased agricultural exports, and enhanced food security during economic crises.
What were the negative consequences of the Green Revolution in Indonesia?
-Negative consequences included the decline in protein production, the loss of biodiversity, increased dependence on chemical fertilizers, soil degradation, and the emergence of pesticide-resistant pests.
What were the key social and cultural policies under the Orde Baru?
-Social and cultural policies included strict control over Chinese ethnicity, limiting their economic opportunities, and efforts to restrict political involvement by university students to avoid their interference in political matters.
What led to the downfall of the Orde Baru government?
-The Orde Baru collapsed due to corruption, nepotism, and dissatisfaction among various regions, especially due to growing economic inequality, poor handling of the transmigration program, and unrest in regions like Aceh and Papua.
Outlines

Cette section est réservée aux utilisateurs payants. Améliorez votre compte pour accéder à cette section.
Améliorer maintenantMindmap

Cette section est réservée aux utilisateurs payants. Améliorez votre compte pour accéder à cette section.
Améliorer maintenantKeywords

Cette section est réservée aux utilisateurs payants. Améliorez votre compte pour accéder à cette section.
Améliorer maintenantHighlights

Cette section est réservée aux utilisateurs payants. Améliorez votre compte pour accéder à cette section.
Améliorer maintenantTranscripts

Cette section est réservée aux utilisateurs payants. Améliorez votre compte pour accéder à cette section.
Améliorer maintenantVoir Plus de Vidéos Connexes

Perkembangan Politik dan Ekonomi Masa Reformasi

Dinamika Penerapan Demokrasi Pancasila - PPKn Kelas 11

IPS kelas 9 BAB 3 tantangan pembangunan Indonesia masa Orde lama kurikulum merdeka semester 2 genap

MASA REFORMASI (1998-SEKARANG)

Jalan nya pemerintahan Awal Soeharto.#sejarahindonesia #video #viralvideo #pendidikan #facts #fyp

Tantangan Pembangunan Indonesia Dari Masa Ke Masa : Transformasi Perjalanan dan Harapan plus LKPD
5.0 / 5 (0 votes)