[t], [d] or [Id]? | "-ed" Past Tense | English Pronunciation
Summary
TLDRThis podcast from Elemental English Comm explores the nuanced pronunciation of past tense verbs ending in 'ed' in English. It explains why these endings are pronounced as 't', 'd', or a distinct syllable, depending on the preceding sound. The lesson delves into the concept of voiced and voiceless sounds, demonstrating how vocal cord vibrations influence the pronunciation of 'ed' endings. It provides clear examples and rules for different scenarios, such as verbs ending in voiceless sounds leading to a 't' sound, voiced sounds resulting in a 'd' sound, and certain sounds prompting a distinct syllable pronunciation. The importance of these pronunciation rules in connected speech is highlighted, with a reference to further lessons on linking and H-deletion for better speech fluency.
Takeaways
- 📚 The podcast discusses the pronunciation variations of the past tense 'ed' ending in English verbs.
- 🗣️ The 'ed' ending can be pronounced as 't', 'd', or a syllable 'id' depending on the preceding sound.
- 👂 Listeners are encouraged to feel the vibration in their vocal cords when pronouncing voiced and voiceless sounds.
- 🔊 Voiced sounds involve vocal cord vibration, while voiceless sounds do not.
- 🔉 The vibration or lack thereof influences the pronunciation of the 'ed' ending.
- 📝 Verbs ending in voiceless sounds lead to a voiceless 't' pronunciation, as in 'walked' or 'talked'.
- 🎶 Verbs ending in voiced sounds like 'd' or 'g' result in a voiced 'd' pronunciation, as in 'bobbed' or 'begged'.
- 🎵 When the verb ends in 't' or 'd', the 'ed' ending is pronounced as a syllable 'id', as in 'visited' or 'edited'.
- 🔗 Pronunciation of 'ed' is crucial for clear speech, especially in connected speech where one word ends in a consonant and the next begins with a vowel.
- ✍️ The lesson suggests further practice on connected speech and 'H' deletion for better understanding of English pronunciation rules.
Q & A
What is the main topic of the podcast 'Elemental English Comm'?
-The main topic of the podcast is the different pronunciations of the past tense of verbs ending in 'ed' in English.
Why are past tense verbs with an 'ed' ending pronounced in three different ways?
-The pronunciation of 'ed' endings varies depending on the final sound of the root verb, which can be voiced, voiceless, or a combination of sounds like 't' or 'd'.
What is the first pronunciation rule for 'ed' endings mentioned in the podcast?
-The first rule is that verbs ending in a voiceless sound cause the 'ed' ending to be pronounced as 't' or 'd' without vocal cord vibration.
Can you provide an example of a verb ending in a voiceless sound and its corresponding 'ed' pronunciation?
-An example is 'walked', where the 'ed' ending sounds like 't' because 'walk' ends with a voiceless sound.
What is the second pronunciation rule for 'ed' endings discussed in the podcast?
-The second rule is that verbs ending in a voiced sound cause the 'ed' ending to be pronounced as a voiced sound.
Can you give an example of a verb ending in a voiced sound and its 'ed' pronunciation?
-An example is 'breathed', where the 'ed' ending sounds like 'd' because 'breathe' ends with a voiced sound.
What is the third pronunciation rule for 'ed' endings presented in the podcast?
-The third rule is that verbs ending in the sounds 't' or 'd' cause the 'ed' ending to be pronounced as 'id'.
How is the 'ed' ending pronounced in the verb 'visited' as per the podcast?
-In 'visited', the 'ed' ending is pronounced as 'id' because 'visit' ends with the sound 't'.
Why is it important to understand the pronunciation rules for 'ed' endings in connected speech?
-Understanding these rules is important because in connected speech, the way 'ed' is pronounced can affect the clarity and audibility of the verb in a sentence.
What is the effect of connected speech on the pronunciation of 'ed' endings?
-In connected speech, if a word ends in a consonant and is followed by a word beginning with a vowel, the 'ed' ending is pronounced more clearly.
How does the podcast suggest practicing the pronunciation of 'ed' endings?
-The podcast suggests practicing by feeling the vibration in the vocal cords when pronouncing voiced and voiceless sounds, and by listening and repeating the provided examples.
What additional lesson is recommended for further understanding of connected speech?
-The podcast recommends checking out the lesson on 'H deletion' for more practice and explanation on connected speech.
Outlines
📚 Understanding 'ed' Pronunciation in Past Tense Verbs
This paragraph introduces the topic of the podcast, which is the pronunciation of the past tense 'ed' ending in English verbs. It explains that this ending can be pronounced in three different ways: 'des', 'dit', or 'did', and provides examples such as 'walked', 'smelled', and 'visited'. The paragraph also touches on the fact that most native speakers, including Americans, make these pronunciation changes unconsciously. It sets the stage for the explanation of the three rules that determine the pronunciation of the 'ed' ending, which are related to the voiced or voiceless nature of the final sound of the verb stem.
🗣️ Pronunciation Rules for 'ed' Endings Based on Final Sounds
This paragraph delves into the specific pronunciation rules for the 'ed' ending in past tense verbs. It explains that verbs ending with a voiceless sound cause the 'ed' ending to be pronounced as a voiceless 't' or 'd', with examples like 'popped', 'talked', 'froth', 'laughed', 'kissed', 'brushed', and 'reached'. Conversely, verbs ending with a voiced sound result in a voiced 'd' pronunciation, as illustrated with 'bobbed', 'begged', 'breathed', 'loved', 'raised', 'bridged', 'claimed', and 'banned'. Additionally, verbs ending with 'd' or 't' sounds lead to the 'ed' ending being pronounced as 'id', with examples such as 'visited', 'edited', 'ended', 'breaded', and 'banned'. The paragraph emphasizes the importance of these pronunciation rules in connected speech, especially when a word ending in a consonant is followed by a word beginning with a vowel, and it also mentions the related concept of H deletion.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Past tense
💡Pronunciation
💡Voiced sounds
💡Voiceless sounds
💡Vocal cords
💡Connected speech
💡H deletion
💡Verbs ending in 't' or 'd'
💡Verbs ending in 'g' or 'k'
💡Verbs ending in 's' or 'z'
Highlights
Past tense verbs with an 'IDI' ending in English are pronounced in three different ways: 'des', 'dit', or 'did'.
The pronunciation of 'IDI' endings can be like 't' in 'walked', 'd' in 'smelled', or 'id' in 'visited'.
Most Americans make these pronunciation changes without consciously noticing them.
Pronunciation of voiced and voiceless sounds can be felt through vocal cord vibration or lack thereof.
Vocal cord vibration affects the pronunciation of the 'IDI' ending in past tense verbs.
Verbs ending in voiceless sounds lead to a voiceless 't' pronunciation in the 'IDI' ending.
Examples of voiceless 'IDI' endings include 'popped', 'talked', 'froth', 'laughed', 'kissed', 'brushed', and 'reached'.
Verbs ending in voiced sounds like 'b', 'g', 'd' result in a voiced 'd' pronunciation for the 'IDI' ending.
Examples of voiced 'IDI' endings include 'bobbed', 'begged', 'breathed', 'loved', 'raised', 'bridged', 'claimed', 'banged', and 'cleared'.
Verbs ending in 't' or 'd' sounds lead to the 'IDI' ending being pronounced as 'id' or 'tud'.
Examples of 't' or 'd' sound endings include 'visited', 'edited', 'ended', 'breaded'.
Pronunciation rules are crucial for understanding connected speech in English.
The way 'IDI' endings are pronounced affects the clarity of connected speech.
An example of connected speech is 'he walked away' pronounced as 'he walkedaway'.
H-deletion is another rule of connected speech where 'H' is dropped if a word ending in a consonant precedes it.
Examples of H-deletion include 'we raised her expectations' pronounced as 'we raised their expectations'.
The lesson offers practice and explanation on connected speech and H-deletion.
Encouragement to share the lesson on social media platforms like Facebook and Twitter.
Transcripts
hey everyone welcome to elemental
English comm today's podcast is on the
reasons why the past tense of verbs in
English with the IDI ending are
pronounced in three different ways - des
or it you may have noticed that in
English past tense verbs with an IDI
ending are pronounced in three different
ways to do or heed for example if I say
the past tense verb walked as in I
walked away what is the last sound that
you hear in the verb walked the IDI verb
ending sounds like a tip walked even
though it ends in the letter D what do
you hear when I say smelled as in it
smelled bad the IDI verb ending sounds
like a doo smelled and when I say
visited as in I visited New York City
how did I pronounce that IDI ending
visited the IDI verb ending sounds like
it visited this lesson teaches you the
three rules that explain the differences
and past tense verb edie pronunciation
but don't be surprised if most Americans
can't explain these rules to you the
truth is Americans make these changes in
sound without even noticing
intro why the sound changes place your
fingertips on the front of your neck and
pronounce the following words what do
you feel on your fingers when you say
the underline sound Wow
fake zebra snake when we pronounce
voiced sounds our vocal cords vibrate
when we say those sounds did you feel
the vibration when we pronounce
voiceless sounds our vocal cords do not
vibrate
no vibration this vibration or lack of
vibration then carries forward to the
following sound in the word therefore
this vibration or lack of vibration
explains why we pronounce the past tense
of verbs in three voiced or voiceless
ways to death or heed to final sound
verbs ending in voiceless sounds caused
the IDI ending to be pronounced as the
voiceless two with no vocal cord
vibration listen and repeat he popped a
balloon pop they talked a lot talked she
frothed a cup of milk Frost
I laughed at the movie laughed she
kissed a frog kissed
we brushed it off brushed I reached
around for it reached the final sound
verbs ending in the voiced book good in
her loop cause the IDI ending to be
pronounced as a voiced
listen and repeat it bobbed up and down
bobbed he begged her to stay begged she
breathed loudly breathe
they loved it loved we raised her
expectations raised they bridged the gap
bridged I claimed it was mine claimed
they banned new members banned she
banged into the chair banged he cleared
it up cleared I rolled up the paper
rolled HUD or edy final sound verbs
ending in the sounds to order will cause
the edy ending of a verb to be
pronounced of the syllable hood or it
listen and repeat
I visited the Empire State Building
visit
she edited the research paper edited we
ended the game early ended he breaded
the chicken breaded these IDI
pronunciation rules are particularly
important because in English we connect
our speech when we have a word that ends
in a consonant and is followed by a word
that begins with a vowel in this case
the way you say the verbs IDI ending
will be heard loudly and clearly for
example he walked away is pronounced he
walked away did you hear that
Ann walked clearly see the lesson on
connected speech in linking for more
practice and explanation H deletion the
same rule of connected speech consonant
plus vowel occurs when H deletion causes
us to delete the H sound at the
beginning of a word for example we
raised her expectations is pronounced we
raised their expectations we raised our
expectations here we deleted the H in
her then connected the speech from
raised and her which became raised ur
raised ur check out the lesson on H
deletion for more practice and
explanation if this lesson was helpful
to you feel free to share it with your
friends and family on Facebook and
you
you
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