Common Sense by Thomas Paine

Summary

Thomas Paine, an Englishman and writer, became a revolutionary influencer in 1776 with his pamphlet 'Common Sense.' Born in England in 1737, Paine moved to the American colonies in 1774, witnessing rising tensions between Britain and the colonies. His pamphlet, published in January 1776, used simple arguments to advocate for American independence, questioning the legitimacy of monarchy and urging the creation of a democratic society. 'Common Sense' sold over 500,000 copies, significantly influencing the patriot cause, though Paine's later years were controversial. Despite this, his legacy endures as a pivotal figure in America's fight for independence.

Takeaways

• 📜 Thomas Paine, an English-born writer, became a viral sensation in colonial America with his pamphlet 'Common Sense' in 1776.
• ⚓ Despite early ambitions for a career at sea, Paine's true destiny lay in writing and influencing political thought.
• 🇬🇧 After arriving in the American colonies in 1774, Paine worked as an editor and witnessed the growing tension between the colonies and Great Britain.
• 🖋 His pamphlet 'Common Sense' was inspired by the battles of Lexington and Concord and was published on January 10, 1776.
• 💡 The pamphlet offered simple facts and arguments for why the American colonies should break free from British rule.
• 🏛 Paine advocated for a society where government was formed by the people and proposed a democratic system instead of monarchy.
• 👑 He questioned the legitimacy of kings, arguing that power should come from the people, not hereditary rule.
• 📈 'Common Sense' sold 120,000 copies in its first three months and eventually over 500,000, making it highly influential in the independence movement.
• 📉 Though Paine became unpopular with the new American leaders after the war, his legacy as a pivotal figure in the revolution remains.
• ⚰ When Paine died, only six people attended his funeral, but history now remembers him as a key influencer in the fight for American independence.

Q & A

Who was Thomas Paine and why is he considered influential?

Thomas Paine was an English-born writer and political activist who gained fame for his pamphlet 'Common Sense,' which played a crucial role in persuading American colonists to seek independence from Great Britain. His straightforward arguments made him a pivotal figure in the American Revolution.

What was the main message of Thomas Paine's pamphlet 'Common Sense'?

'Common Sense' argued that the American colonies should break free from British rule. Paine presented clear and simple arguments advocating for independence and a democratic form of government, rejecting the idea of monarchy.

How did Paine describe the government structure in 'Common Sense'?

Paine suggested that in a newly settled colony, a direct democracy might form, where the whole community could gather to deliberate public matters. As the population grew, they would need to elect representatives to ensure efficient governance.

What criticisms did Thomas Paine have against monarchies in 'Common Sense'?

Paine criticized monarchies, particularly the idea of kings who were not chosen by the people. He argued that most kings throughout history had been tyrannical and did not deserve power unless chosen by the governed.

What was Paine’s stance on the possibility of reconciliation between the American colonies and Britain?

Paine acknowledged that many people still hoped for peace and reconciliation with Britain. However, he argued that after the battles and tensions, it was time for the colonies to seek independence, stating 'tis time to part.'

How successful was 'Common Sense' in terms of distribution and impact?

'Common Sense' was extremely successful, selling around 120,000 copies within the first three months. By the end of the Revolutionary War, more than 500,000 copies had been distributed, helping persuade many to join the cause for American independence.

How did Paine's reputation change after the Revolutionary War?

After the war, Paine's reputation declined due to his controversial ideas, which alienated many of the new country's leaders. When he died, only six people attended his funeral, and he was not seen as famous at the time.

What was Paine's early life like, and how did it influence his future work?

Born in England on January 29, 1737, Thomas Paine initially aspired to a life at sea, but his destiny lay in political writing. His experiences in England and America, where he witnessed rising tensions, shaped his revolutionary ideas and writing.

What historical events influenced Paine to write 'Common Sense'?

The battles of Lexington and Concord on April 19, 1775, as well as growing tensions between the colonies and Britain, inspired Paine to write 'Common Sense.' He felt compelled to act and encourage others to join the revolutionary cause.

How is Thomas Paine remembered today?

Although Paine was not highly regarded at the time of his death, history remembers him as a pivotal figure in the fight for American independence. His legacy endures due to the profound influence 'Common Sense' had on the American Revolution.