SEJARAH PERUMUSAN PANCASILA

Summary

The script recounts Indonesia's struggle against Dutch colonization and subsequent Japanese occupation during World War II. It details the forced labor, confiscation of resources, and harsh treatment of civilians by Japanese forces. Despite suffering, Indonesia's spirit remained unbroken, leading to the formation of BPUPKI, which laid the groundwork for Indonesia's independence and the Pancasila philosophy. The script also covers the establishment of the Indonesian state's principles and the pivotal role of figures like Soekarno and Hatta in shaping the nation's future.

Takeaways

• 🏛️ The Indonesian people have a long history of resisting colonialism, having suffered under Dutch and Japanese occupation.
• 📜 The script recounts the Japanese defeat of the Dutch during World War II, which led to Indonesia being occupied by Japan.
• 📆 The Pacific War, which began in 1937 and ended in 1945, is described as a period of great suffering for the Indonesian people.
• 👷‍♂️ Forced labor was imposed by the Japanese military, with many Indonesian men sent to Myanmar for construction and heavy work under poor conditions.
• 🏭 The Japanese military forcibly took food, clothing, and other necessities from the Indonesian people, causing thousands to die or go missing.
• 👥 Many Indonesian women were also forced into labor by the Japanese military.
• 🏢 Civilians were detained and treated poorly in camps by the Japanese.
• 🗺️ Japan began to control Indonesian territory after the Dutch surrendered in Kalijati, Subang, West Java on March 8, 1942.
• 📢 Initially, the Japanese were welcomed by the Indonesians, who were influenced by Japanese propaganda claiming Japan as the protector of Asia.
• 🏛️ The script discusses the establishment of the Investigative Body for Preparatory Work for Indonesian Independence (BPUPKI) by Japan on April 29, 1945.
• 👥 BPUPKI was composed of 62 members, including Indonesian figures and Japanese representatives, and was led by Dr. Radjiman Wedyodiningrat.
• 📅 BPUPKI held official meetings to discuss the foundations of the state, with the first meeting taking place from May 29 to June 1, 1945.
• 📝 Key figures such as Muhammad Yamin, Soepomo, and Sukarno contributed ideas about the state philosophy and principles during BPUPKI meetings.
• 🌟 The Pancasila, the philosophical foundation of the Indonesian state, was proposed by Sukarno and accepted by the BPUPKI on June 1, 1945.
• 📜 The term 'Pancasila' encompasses five principles: belief in one supreme God, just and civilized humanity, unity of Indonesia, democracy through deliberation and representation, social justice, and belief in one supreme God.

Q & A

What is the historical significance of Indonesia's struggle against colonialism?

Indonesia has a long history of fighting against colonial powers, such as the Dutch and the Japanese, which is significant as it represents the nation's resilience and fight for independence.

How did the Japanese occupation of Indonesia during World War II affect the Indonesian people?

The Japanese occupation led to forced labor, confiscation of food and supplies, and harsh treatment of civilians, resulting in the suffering and death of many Indonesians.

What was the role of the 'BPUPKI' in Indonesia's history?

The BPUPKI (Body for the Preparation of Indonesian Independence) was a significant body that discussed and prepared the groundwork for Indonesia's independence, including the formulation of the nation's foundational principles.

What does the acronym 'BPUPKI' stand for?

BPUPKI stands for 'Badan Penyelidik Usaha-usaha Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia' which translates to 'Body for the Preparation of Indonesian Independence'.

When was the BPUPKI established and what was its main task?

The BPUPKI was officially established on April 29, 1945, with the main task of preparing for Indonesia's independence, including the formulation of the nation's foundational principles.

Who were the key figures leading the BPUPKI?

Dr. Radjiman Wedyodiningrat was the chairman, while Raden Panji Suroso and Ichibangase Yoshio were the vice-chairmen of the BPUPKI.

What were the five principles, or 'Pancasila', proposed by Soekarno during the BPUPKI meetings?

Soekarno proposed the Pancasila, which includes: 1) Belief in One Supreme God, 2) Just and Civilized Humanity, 3) Unity of Indonesia, 4) Democracy through deliberation and representation, and 5) Social Justice.

What was the outcome of the first BPUPKI meeting?

The first BPUPKI meeting resulted in the proposal of the Pancasila as the foundation of the Indonesian state and the drafting of the 'Piagam Jakarta' or 'Jakarta Charter'.

What was the purpose of the 'Panitia Delapan' and 'Panitia Sembilan' formed during the BPUPKI process?

The 'Panitia Delapan' was tasked with gathering proposals for the national principles, while the 'Panitia Sembilan' was formed to bridge differences between nationalist and Islamic groups regarding the formulation of the national principles.

What was the significance of the 'Piagam Jakarta' in the context of Indonesian independence?

The 'Piagam Jakarta' was a draft that served as a precursor to the formal declaration of independence and the constitution of Indonesia, outlining the basic principles of the new nation.

When was the BPUPKI dissolved and what replaced it?

The BPUPKI was dissolved on August 7, 1945, and was replaced by the 'Panitia Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia' (PPKI), which continued the preparations for full independence.

Outlines

00:00

🌍 History of Indonesian Struggle for Independence

The script discusses the long history of Indonesia's struggle against colonialism, particularly under Dutch and Japanese rule. It highlights the suffering of the Indonesian people during the Japanese occupation during World War II, which started in 1937 and ended in 1945. The Japanese forced labor policy led to the death and disappearance of thousands of Indonesian men who were sent to places like Myanmar for harsh work conditions. The script also mentions the forced taking of food, clothing, and other necessities from the Indonesian people by the Japanese military. Despite the hardships, the Indonesian spirit of struggle for independence did not wane. The script describes how the Japanese initially appeared to be liberators but soon continued the colonial exploitation of Indonesia. The formation of the Investigative Body for Preparatory Work for Indonesian Independence (BPUPKI) by the Japanese on April 29, 1945, is also mentioned, which was led by Indonesian figures and a few Japanese representatives. The body aimed to discuss the foundations of the Indonesian state.

05:02

📜 The Birth of Pancasila and the Foundations of the Indonesian State

This paragraph focuses on the deliberations within the BPUPKI regarding the philosophical and foundational principles of the Indonesian state. Key figures like Muhammad Yamin, Soepomo, and Soekarno presented their views on the state's foundations. Muhammad Yamin was the first to propose five principles in his speech, which included nationalism, humanitarianism, belief in God, democracy, and social justice. Soepomo later proposed five other principles focusing on unity, familial relationships, balance of material and spiritual life, deliberation, and social justice. Soekarno's proposal to name these principles 'Pancasila' was accepted, and his version included nationalism, internationalism, consensus, social prosperity, and belief in one supreme God. The paragraph also discusses the formation of committees within BPUPKI to reconcile differences between nationalists and Islamists and to draft the declaration of independence and the basic laws of the state, which later became known as the Jakarta Charter.

10:03

🏛️ The Second BPUPKI Session and the Formation of PPKI

The final paragraph covers the second session of the BPUPKI, which took place from July 10 to 17, 1945. The session's agenda included discussions on the state's form, territory, citizenship, economic and financial laws, national expenditure, and education. A committee led by Soekarno was tasked with drafting the basic laws. The paragraph concludes with the dissolution of BPUPKI on August 7, 1945, and the establishment of the Indonesian Independence Preparation Committee (PPKI), marking a significant step towards formalizing Indonesia's independence.

Keywords

💡Indonesia

Indonesia is a Southeast Asian country made up of thousands of volcanic islands. In the video, Indonesia is portrayed as a nation with a long history of struggle against colonial powers, reflecting its resilience and fight for independence. The script mentions Indonesia's suffering under Dutch and Japanese occupation, highlighting the country's past and its journey towards self-determination.

💡Dutch colonization

Dutch colonization refers to the period when the Dutch East India Company and later the Netherlands controlled Indonesia. The script recounts the suffering of the Indonesian people during this era, emphasizing the long and arduous history of resistance against foreign rule.

💡Japanese occupation

Japanese occupation marks the period during World War II when Indonesia was under the control of Imperial Japan. The video describes the harsh conditions and forced labor imposed on Indonesians, illustrating the brutality of the Japanese military and the suffering it caused.

💡Pancasila

Pancasila is the philosophical foundation of the Indonesian state, consisting of five principles: belief in one supreme God, just and civilized humanity, unity of Indonesia, democracy led by the inner wisdom in representative deliberation, and social justice. The script highlights the introduction of Pancasila by Soekarno during the BPUPKI meeting, signifying a pivotal moment in defining the nation's identity and values.

💡BPUPKI

BPUPKI stands for Badan Penyelidik Usaha-Usaha Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia, or the Investigative Body for the Preparation of Indonesian Independence. The script describes BPUPKI as a significant assembly that discussed and prepared the groundwork for Indonesia's independence, including the formulation of Pancasila.

💡Forced labor

Forced labor is the compulsory work extracted from people under threat of penalty. The video script recounts how Indonesian men were sent to places like Burma for forced labor during the Japanese occupation, exemplifying the exploitation and dehumanization印尼人遭受的苦难.

💡Sukarno

Sukarno, also known as Insinyur Soekarno, was a founding father of Indonesia and its first president. In the script, Sukarno is noted for his proposal of Pancasila as the philosophical foundation of the Indonesian state, showcasing his role in shaping the nation's ideology and future.

💡Proclamation of Independence

The Proclamation of Independence refers to the declaration that marks the birth of a new nation. The script mentions the preparation for Indonesia's Proclamation of Independence, which was a result of the deliberations and decisions made during the BPUPKI meetings.

💡Piagam Jakarta

Piagam Jakarta, or Jakarta Charter, was an early draft of the Indonesian Constitution that included a requirement for Muslims to pray and give alms. The script indicates that this charter was a precursor to the formal constitution and was discussed during the BPUPKI meetings.

💡PPKI

PPKI stands for Panitia Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia, or the Preparatory Committee for Indonesian Independence. The script notes that PPKI was formed after the dissolution of BPUPKI, tasked with further preparations for the country's independence.

💡Muhammad Yamin

Muhammad Yamin was an Indonesian nationalist and politician who played a significant role in the country's struggle for independence. The script highlights Yamin's proposal of five principles for the Indonesian state during the BPUPKI meeting, which were foundational to the development of Pancasila.

Highlights

Indonesia experienced a long history of fighting against colonizers.

The Dutch colonization and the suffering of the Indonesian people are well-documented.

Japan's defeat of the Dutch in the East Asia War is also recorded.

The Pacific War, which began in 1937 and ended in 1945, is likened to a saying about the suffering of the Indonesian people.

Forced labor was implemented by the Japanese military, causing many Indonesian men to be sent to Myanmar for construction and heavy work under poor conditions.

Thousands of Indonesians died and went missing during the forced taking of food, clothing, and other necessities by the Japanese military.

Many Indonesian women were forced to work by the Japanese military.

Japanese forces treated civilians poorly in internment camps.

Japan began to dominate Indonesian territories after the Dutch surrendered in Kalijati, Subang, West Java, on March 8, 1942.

Initially, the Japanese were welcomed by the Indonesians, who believed in slogans like 'Japan, the protector of Asia'.

However, historical facts show that Japan continued the colonization of Indonesia, similar to the Dutch.

The Allied forces, including Britain, the United States, and the Netherlands, began to retake territories from Japan.

On March 1, 1945, Japan announced the establishment of the Investigative Body for Independence Preparation (BPUPKI).

BPUPKI was officially launched on April 29, 1945, with 62 members, including Indonesian figures and Japanese representatives.

Dr. Radjiman Wedyodiningrat chaired BPUPKI, with Raden Panji Suroso and Ichibangase Yoshio as vice-chairs.

BPUPKI held two official meetings and one unofficial meeting to discuss the foundations of the nation.

The first BPUPKI meeting discussed the concept of the state, and the philosophy of the nation.

Muhammad Yamin was the first to propose five principles known as the 'Curriculum of the Nation'.

Soepomo proposed the 'Khusnul Wathan Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia' with five points.

Soekarno (Insinyur) proposed the name 'Pancasila' for the state philosophy, which was accepted.

June 1st is celebrated as the birthday of Pancasila, the state philosophy of Indonesia.

The unofficial BPUPKI meeting did not reach an agreement on the state's foundation, leading to the formation of an eight-member committee.

The 'Panitia Delapan' was tasked with reviewing various state foundation proposals.

The 'Panitia Sembilan' was formed to bridge the gap between nationalists and Islamists on the formulation of the state's foundation.

The 'Panitia Sembilan' included both national and religious group representatives and was tasked with drafting the proclamation text.

The 'Piagam Jakarta' or 'Jakarta Charter' was proposed as the legal foundation of the state.

The second BPUPKI meeting discussed the state's form, territory, citizenship, economic and financial laws, and education.

The 'Panitia Perancang Undang-Undang Dasar' chaired by Soekarno was formed to draft the constitutional foundation.

BPUPKI concluded its tasks and was dissolved on August 7, 1945, replaced by the 'Panitia Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia' (PPKI).

Transcripts

[Musik]

Kai Hah nyum Bangsa Indonesia mengalami

sejarah yang panjang dalam melawan

penjajah Kita pernah mengalami

penderitaan ketika dijajah oleh Belanda

sejarah juga mencatat kekalahan Belanda

oleh Jepang dalam Perang Asia Timur Raya

atau yang disebut dengan Perang Pasifik

menyebabkan bangsa Indonesia dijajah

oleh Jepang Perang Pasifik ini dimulai

sejak tahun 1937 sampai dengan 1945

ibarat pepatah lepas dari mulut harimau

masuk ke mulut buaya tepat kiranya untuk

menggambarkan bagaimana kondisi

penderitaan bangsa

lihat itu penderitaan akibat kebijakan

tentara Jepang terhadap bangsa Indonesia

yaitu sebagai berikut Pelaksanaan kerja

paksa Hal ini menyebabkan banyak

laki-laki di Indonesia dikirim hingga ke

Myanmar untuk melakukan pekerjaan

pembangunan dan pekerjaan berat lainnya

dalam kondisi yang buruk Ribuan Orang

Indonesia meninggal dan hilang pada saat

kejadian itu berlangsung pengambilan

paksa saat itu tentara Jepang mengambil

makanan pakaian dan berbagai keperluan

hidup secara paksa dari masyarakat

Indonesia

wud akan paksa perempuan-perempuan

Indonesia banyak dipekerjakan secara

paksa oleh tentara Jepang Selain itu

banyak menahan dan memperlakukan warga

sipil di camp tahanan dalam kondisi

sangat buruk Jepang mulai menguasai

wilayah Indonesia setelah Belanda

menyerah di Kalijati Subang Jawa Barat

pada tanggal 8 Maret 1942 kedatangan

Jepang semula disangka baik oleh

Indonesia banyak semboyan dikumandangkan

oleh Jepang seperti Jepang pelindung

Asia Jepang pemimpin Asia dan Jepang

cahaya Asia kenyataan sejarah

menunjukkan bahwa Jepang tidak berbeda

dengan Belanda yaitu meneruskan

penjajahan atas bangsa Indonesia

kemenangan Jepang di Asia tidak bertahan

lama pihak sekutu Inggris Amerika

Serikat Belanda melakukan serangan

balasan satu persatu Daerah yang

dikuasai oleh Jepang kembali ke tangan

sekutu melihat hal

Hai pada peringatan pembangunan Jawa

Baru tanggal satu Maret 1945 Jepang

mengumunkan Pembentukan Dokuritsu Junbi

Cosakai atau badan penyelidik

usaha-usaha Persiapan Kemerdekaan

Indonesia BPUPKI janji Jepang membentuk

BPUPKI dibuktikan pada tanggal 29april

1945 bersamaan dengan hari ulang tahun

Kaisar hirohito secara resmi BPUPKI

dilantik oleh Jepang dengan anggota yang

berjumlah enam puluh dua orang yaitu

terdiri atas tokoh-tokoh bangsa

Indonesia dan tujuh orang anggota

perwakilan dari Jepang BPUPKI diketuai

oleh Dr Radjiman widyodiningrat

sementara itu wakilnya adalah Raden

Panji Suroso dan ichibangase yosio ketua

dan wakil ketua BPUPKI dilantik pada

tanggal 28 mei1945

[Musik]

ingin BPUPKI mengadakan sidang sebanyak

dua kali sidang resmi dan satu kali

sidang tidak resmi sidang resmi pertama

dilaksanakan 29-9-2018 sempat puluh lima

membahas tentang dasar-dasar negara

sidang kedua berlangsung tanggal 10

sampai dengan tanggal 17juli 1945

membahas rancangan undang-undang dasar

sejak berkuasa di Indonesia Jepang

dengan segala cara menguras kekayaan dan

tenaga Indonesia Hal ini menimbulkan

kesengsaraan dan penderitaan bagi rakyat

namun penderitaan tersebut tidak

menyurutkan semangat perjuangan kita

untuk meraih kemerdekaan berbagai upaya

dilakukan bangsa Indonesia dengan

menyusun barisan dan bersatu-padu

mengejutkan kemerdekaan yang

dicita-citakan

Hai sidang BPUPKI pertama dilaksanakan

selama empat hari mulai dari tanggal

29.mei sampai dengan tanggal 1 Juni 1945

agenda Sidang Pertama BPUPKI adalah

membahas tentang bentuk negara filsafat

negara dan dasar negara dalam pidato

pembukaan sidang pertama Ketua BPUPKI

memberikan alasan tentang perlunya dasar

negara Ada beberapa tokoh yang

mengemukakan pendapat tentang rumusan

dasar negara pada sidang pertama BPUPKI

Hal ini bertujuan agar mendapatkan

rumusan dasar negara yang tepat pada pun

tokoh-tokoh yang mengemukakan pendapat

tersebut yaitu Muhammadiyah mint Soepomo

dan Insinyur Soekarno setiap tokoh

tersebut mengemukakan pendapatnya pada

waktu

yang berbeda Muhammad Yamin merupakan

orang pertama yang mengemukakan

pendapatnya dalam sidang BPUPKI pertama

pada sidang pertama ini Muhammad Yamin

mengemukakan lima asas dalam pidatonya

kelima asas tersebut adalah kurikulum

bangsaan perikemanusiaan periketuhanan

perikerakyatan boleh kesejahteraan

rakyat setelah selesai berpidato

Muhammad Yamin juga menyampaikan tentang

konsep dan dasar Negara Indonesia

merdeka secara tertulis kepada ketua

sidang konsep tersebut adalah sebagai

berikut 1 Ketuhanan yang maha esa 2

persatuan kebangsaan Indonesia tiga rasa

kemanusiaan yang adil dan beradab 4

Kerakyatan yang dipimpin oleh hikmat

kebijaksanaan dalam permusyawaratan

perwakilan lima keadilan sosial bagi

seluruh rakyat Indonesia selanjutnya

pada tanggal 31 mei1945 Soepomo

mengemukakan

Khusnul and Dasar negara Republik

Indonesia lima usulan tersebut yaitu 1

persatuan 2 kekeluargaan tiga

keseimbangan lahir dan batin 4

musyawarah Lima keadilan sosial pada

tanggal 1 Juni 1945 Insinyur Soekarno

juga menyampaikan pendapatnya tentang

dasar negara Indonesia dalam pidatonya

tersebut Insinyur Soekarno menjelaskan

tentang dasar filsafat negara selain itu

beliau juga mengajukan usul agar dasar

negara tersebut diberi nama Pancasila

usulan yang diajukan Insinyur Soekarno

diterima oleh peserta sidang BPUPKI Oleh

karena itu setiap tanggal 1juni

diperingati sebagai hari lahirnya

Pancasila berikut adalah rumusan dasar

negara yang diusulkan oleh Insinyur

Soekarno 1 kebangsaan Indonesia 2

internasionalisme atau prikemanusiaan

mufakat

MP3 mufakat atau demokrasi 4

Kesejahteraan Sosial 5 Ketuhanan Yang

Maha Esa

Hai pada tanggal 1 Juni 1945 Dalam

sidang pertama BPUPKI juga terdapat

beberapa tokoh lain yang berpidato

setelah itu BPUPKI mengalami masa reses

persidangan priode jeda atau istirahat

selama satu bulan lebih masa persidangan

BPUPKI yang pertama ini dikenang sebagai

detik-detik lahirnya Pancasila

Hai pertemuan tidak resmi BPUPKI pada

sidang BPUPKI yang pertama belum

ditentukan kesepakatan tentang dasar

negara Republik Indonesia Oleh karena

itu dibentuklah panitia delapan yang

bertugas menampung berbagai usulan dasar

negara dan memeriksanya panitia delapan

lalu melaporkan hasil kerjanya dalam

sidang pleno BPUPKI

Hai selanjutnya panitia delapan

mengadakan sidang atau pertemuan tidak

resmi dengan anggota BPUPKI yang tinggal

di Jakarta dalam sidang ini dibentuklah

Panitia Sembilan panitia tersebut

dinamakan panitia sembilan karena

anggotanya terdiri atas sembilan orang

panitia sembilan bertugas membahas dan

menelaah berbagai usulan yang telah

ditampung oleh panitia delapan Panitia

Sembilan disebut juga panitia kecil

Adapun susunan keanggotaan panitia

sembilan adalah sebagai berikut a

Hai pembentukan panitia sembilan

bertujuan untuk menjembatani perbedaan

antara golongan nasionalis dan golongan

Islam tentang rumusan dasar negara bagi

Indonesia merdeka setelah melaksanakan

perundingan dengan empat orang wakil

golongan kebangsaan dan lima orang wakil

golongan keagamaan pada tanggal 22 Jun

1945 Panitia Sembilan mencapai

kesepakatan Luhur Selain itu Panitia

Sembilan juga menyusun naskah yang akan

digunakan sebagai teks proklamasi namun

naskah tersebut menjadi rancangan

pembukaan hukum dasar undang-undang

dasar negara yang dikenal dengan nama

Piagam Jakarta atau piagam center

istilah Piagam Jakarta tersebut

dikemukakan oleh Muhammad Yamin Insinyur

Soekarno menyebutnya dengan muqadimah

sedangkan Sukiman wirjosandjojo

menyebutnya jentel Mask ekstrim Sidang

BPUPKI kedua

Hai Sidang BPUPKI kedua berlangsung

tanggal 10 Juli sampai 17juli 1945

agenda Sidang BPUPKI kedua adalah

membahas tentang bentuk negara wilayah

negara kewarganegaraan rancangan

undang-undang dasar ekonomi dan keuangan

perbelanjaan negara serta pendidikan dan

pengajaran pada sidang kedua ini

dibentuk beberapa panitia salah satunya

adalah panitia perancang undang-undang

dasar yang diketuai oleh Insinyur

Soekarno panitia perancang undang-undang

dasar mengadakan sidang pada tanggal 13

Juli 1945 rumusan dasar negara Indonesia

berakhir dalam sidang BPUPKI yang kedua

selesai melaksanakan tugasnya BPUPKI

dibubarkan pada tanggal 7 Agustus 1945

sebagai gantinya dibentuklah Panitia

Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia PPKI

hai hai