Big 3 Learning Theories: Behaviorism, Cognitivism, Constructivism! Intro to ID Part 4 of 6

Summary

This instructional design video focuses on the 'big three' learning theories: behaviorism, cognitivism, and constructivism. Behaviorism emphasizes observable behaviors and reinforcement, cognitivism centers on mental processes and building on existing knowledge, while constructivism encourages learners to create their own meaning through experience. The video discusses the application of these theories in designing effective learning experiences, tailored to different audiences and contexts.

Takeaways

• 📚 The video discusses the 'big three' learning theories in instructional design: behaviorism, cognitivism, and constructivism.
• 🐶 Behaviorism focuses on observable behaviors and treats the mind as a 'black box', using reinforcement to achieve desired outcomes.
• 💻 Cognitivism views the mind as a computer, emphasizing the organization and structuring of new information to fit with existing knowledge.
• 🏗 Cognitivism is about creating structured learning experiences, often using learning objectives and backward design to build upon foundational knowledge.
• 🌟 Constructivism is centered on the idea that learners construct their own understanding from their experiences, making learning subjective and context-dependent.
• 👥 Constructivism values social negotiation and encourages learners to validate their understandings through interaction with others.
• 🎓 The choice of learning theory depends on the context, audience, and the desired learning outcomes.
• 📈 Bloom's Taxonomy is mentioned as a tool to structure learning experiences, starting with basic knowledge and building up to higher-order thinking skills.
• 👨‍🏫 Different theories are suitable for different educational contexts; for example, behaviorism might be used for basic skills like vocabulary, while constructivism is better for complex understanding.
• 🔍 Instructional designers should consider multiple theories and adapt them to the needs of the learners and the subject matter being taught.
• 📅 The next video in the series will cover memory, motivation, and learning, continuing the exploration of instructional design concepts.

Q & A

What are the three major learning theories discussed in the script?

The three major learning theories discussed are Behaviorism, Cognitivism, and Constructivism.

How does Behaviorism view the learning process?

Behaviorism treats the mind as a black box, focusing only on input and output without considering what happens in the mind. It's an old school approach that can be used for drill and practice or simple vocabulary tests.

What is the role of the learner in Cognitivism?

In Cognitivism, the learner is active and engaged in the learning process. The mind is likened to a computer where new information is coded and structured to fit with existing information.

What is Bloom's Taxonomy and how does it relate to Cognitivism?

Bloom's Taxonomy is a structure for learning with six levels, starting from remembering facts and basic concepts to evaluating and creating. It is a useful tool in Cognitivism for constructing a learning experience that builds from basic knowledge to higher-level skills.

How does Constructivism differ from the other two theories?

Constructivism emphasizes that learners create their own meaning from their experiences. It treats learning as subjective and context-dependent, focusing on the individual's unique construction of understanding.

What is the significance of context in Constructivist learning?

In Constructivism, learning must occur in context, meaning learners should be engaged with the subject matter in a real-world setting, which allows them to construct a deeper understanding.

Why might Behaviorism be less effective for adult learners?

Behaviorism might be less effective for adults because it can come across as dehumanizing and does not consider the complexities of adult learning, which often requires more abstract and critical thinking.

How can Cognitivism be applied in designing a curriculum?

Cognitivism can be applied by identifying the basic information and skills a learner needs, then systematically building upon that foundation to create a structured and scaffolded learning experience.

What is the role of social negotiation in Constructivist learning?

Social negotiation plays a critical role in Constructivist learning as it allows learners to validate their understandings, correct misunderstandings, and deepen their learning through interaction with peers or mentors.

How does the script suggest choosing between these learning theories?

The choice of learning theory depends on the context, the learner, and the educational goals. The script suggests getting familiar with these theories and using them as a guide to create effective learning experiences.

What is the purpose of the knowledge check questions at the end of the script?

The knowledge check questions are designed to engage the viewer and test their understanding of the learning theories discussed. They provide practical examples to help differentiate between Behaviorism, Cognitivism, and Constructivism.