Electrical Safety (2018)
Summary
TLDRThis video script educates workers on the importance of electrical safety. It covers the basics of electricity, OSHA requirements, and the dangers of static and electric shocks. It emphasizes the necessity of understanding electrical terms, proper grounding, using GFCIs, and following safety rules to prevent accidents. The script also discusses the risks of working with electricity at heights and near energized objects, and the correct use of PPE and lockout/tagout procedures.
Takeaways
- ⚡️ Electricity is essential for modern life but can be dangerous if not respected and handled properly.
- 🏗️ OSHA has specific requirements for electrical safety in the workplace, including grounding and the use of GFCIs.
- 💧 Conductors like water can easily carry electrical current, while insulators like plastic resist it.
- 🔌 Grounding is crucial for creating a low-resistance path for electrical current to the earth, preventing accidents.
- 🏭 Transformers play a key role in increasing or decreasing voltage for electrical current.
- 🔄 Electricity always seeks the shortest path to the ground, following the path of least resistance.
- ⚠️ Static electricity can cause shocks and even explosions in the presence of flammable materials.
- 🚨 Electrical shocks can range from mild to fatal, with wet conditions significantly increasing the risk.
- 🔥 Burns are a common injury from electrical shocks, requiring immediate medical attention.
- 🛠️ Always turn off power or use non-conductive material to separate someone from an electrical circuit in case of shock.
- 🔌 Use proper PPE and follow lockout/tagout procedures to prevent accidental startup of electrical equipment.
Q & A
What is the main purpose of the video script?
-The main purpose of the video script is to provide workers with a brief understanding about electricity and how to work safely with it and around it.
Why is electricity considered both important and dangerous?
-Electricity is considered important because it is essential for everyday life and makes the world possible. However, it can be dangerous if misused, leading to injuries or death.
What are the key topics discussed in the video?
-The video discusses topics such as the introduction to electricity, how electricity works, OSHA requirements, static electricity, dangers of working around electricity, safety rules, generators, and lockout/tagout procedures.
What is a conductor in the context of electricity?
-A conductor is an object or material that has very little resistance to the flow of electrical current, such as electrical power lines, extension cords, power cords, and water.
What is an insulator and give some examples?
-An insulator is an object or material that resists electrical current and is not a good conductor of electricity. Examples include plastic, glass, porcelain, and dry wood.
Why is grounding important in electrical safety?
-Grounding is important because it creates a low resistance path to the earth for electrical current, preventing the buildup of voltages that could cause an electrical accident.
What are the two types of grounding required by OSHA in the construction industry?
-The two types of grounding required by OSHA are system or service grounds, which protect machines and tools, and equipment grounds, which protect workers from electrical shock.
What is a ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) and why is it important?
-A GFCI is a fast-acting circuit breaker designed to shut off electric power in the event of a ground fault, preventing electrocution. It is important because it provides an additional layer of protection against electrical shock.
What are some safety measures to take when working with electricity in wet conditions?
-Wet conditions increase the chances of shock, so it's important to use extreme caution. This includes using equipment with proper insulation and avoiding contact with electrical sources when wet.
How can static electricity lead to serious consequences?
-Static electricity can build up on surfaces and discharge, potentially causing shocks or, in the presence of flammable substances, even explosions. Proper grounding and other measures can prevent static electric buildup.
What should you do if you or a co-worker receives an electrical shock?
-Seek emergency medical attention immediately, even if the injury is not apparent. Electrical shocks can cause internal injuries that may not be immediately visible but can be deadly.
What are some precautions to take when using portable generators?
-Always follow the manufacturer's safety rules and guidelines, inspect generators before each use, and never use them indoors or in wet conditions. Use GFCIs and ensure proper grounding.
Outlines
🔌 Understanding Electricity Safety
This paragraph introduces the concept of electricity as a vital yet potentially dangerous aspect of daily life. It emphasizes the importance of understanding electricity for safety, especially in a work environment. The video aims to educate workers on the basics of electricity, its operation, and safe practices. Topics such as OSHA requirements, static electricity, and safety rules are mentioned. The historical significance of electricity since ancient Greece and its current applications are briefly discussed. The paragraph concludes with an analogy comparing electricity to water flow, explaining the roles of source, conductor, and pressure in electricity.
⚙️ OSHA Grounding and GFCI Requirements
Paragraph 2 delves into the specific grounding requirements set by OSHA to reduce the risk of electrical accidents. It explains the difference between system or service grounds and equipment grounds, highlighting their roles in protecting machinery and workers. The paragraph also discusses the necessity of ground fault circuit interrupters (GFCIs), which are designed to prevent electrocution by shutting off power quickly in case of a ground fault. Employer responsibilities, such as providing GFCIs and maintaining an assured equipment grounding conductor program, are outlined. The importance of regular testing and maintenance of electrical equipment is stressed, along with the requirement for a competent person to oversee these safety measures.
⚠️ Electrical Shocks and Burns
This section focuses on the dangers of electrical shocks and burns, which can occur when the body becomes part of an electrical circuit. It explains how shocks can happen and the severity of their consequences, ranging from minor tingling to life-threatening cardiac arrest. The increased risk of shock in wet conditions is highlighted, along with the different types of burns that can result from electrical accidents. The paragraph advises on immediate medical attention and safe practices, such as not touching someone who is in contact with an electrical circuit and using non-conductive materials to separate them from the source. It also addresses the risk of falls and other hazards associated with electrical work.
🚨 Precautions and Safety Guidelines
Paragraph 4 provides a comprehensive list of safety precautions and guidelines for working with electricity, especially at elevated heights or near energized objects. It advises on the use of fall protection, respecting distance from power lines, and the importance of using ground fault circuit interrupters. The paragraph also covers the proper use and inspection of tools and equipment, including cords, plugs, and extension cords. It stresses the importance of using the correct protective equipment and following lockout/tagout procedures to prevent accidental startup of electrical equipment. The section concludes with a reminder to always follow safety rules and to seek guidance when unsure.
🛠️ Safe Work Practices with Electricity
The final paragraph reinforces the message of respecting electricity and the importance of safe work practices. It encourages workers to ask for help when unsure and to avoid shortcuts that could compromise safety. The paragraph serves as a reminder to be cautious and knowledgeable when working with electricity, ensuring a safe work environment.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Electricity
💡Conductor
💡Insulator
💡Grounding
💡Amperes
💡Voltage
💡Transformer
💡OSHA
💡GFCI
💡Static Electricity
💡Electrical Shock
Highlights
Electricity is essential for modern life but can be dangerous if misused.
The video aims to educate workers on safe practices around electricity.
Electricity is compared to water flow, with a source, transport, and pressure.
Conductors and insulators are key concepts in electrical safety.
Grounding is a safety measure to prevent electrical accidents.
Amperes measure electrical current, while voltage is the driving force.
Transformers adjust voltage levels in electrical currents.
Electricity seeks the shortest path to the ground.
OSHA mandates grounding and GFCI requirements for construction safety.
GFCIs prevent electrocution by interrupting current in case of a fault.
The assured equipment grounding conductor program is an alternative to GFCIs.
Electrical equipment must undergo regular testing for safety.
Static electricity can cause shocks and even explosions.
Electrical shocks occur when the body completes an electrical circuit.
Wet conditions increase the risk of electrical shock.
Burns are a common injury from electrical shocks and require immediate medical attention.
Involuntary muscle contraction can lead to prolonged exposure to electricity.
Working at heights near electrical sources increases the risk of falls.
Contacting buried utilities can lead to serious electrical accidents.
Portable generators pose risks if not used correctly.
Proper use of PPE and lockout/tagout procedures are crucial for electrical safety.
Always follow safety protocols and ask for help if unsure about electrical work.
Transcripts
the electricity it's all around us and
our lives depend on it
imagine what the world would be like
without electricity electricity is
important but it can be dangerous
respected and it is our friend misuse it
and it can be deadly the purpose of this
video is to provide workers with a brief
understanding about electricity and how
to work safely with it and around it
this video will discuss the following
introduction to electricity electricity
and how it works
OSHA requirements static electricity the
dangers of working around electricity
safety rules generators and locking and
tagging
[Music]
ever since the first discoveries of
electricity were made in ancient Greece
people have looked for ways to utilize
its power today electricity is an
essential part of our everyday life from
heating and cooling to computers to
tools and more electricity makes our
world possible the electricity is so
much an integral part of everyday life
that many times we tend to overlook its
dangers the purpose of this training
video is to explain how electricity
works it will help you understand the
hazards and dangers associated with
electricity and how you can protect
yourself from injury and even death
this video should not be considered a
substitute for OSes regulations your
employer should provide additional
training as necessary to ensure your
safety
[Music]
to understand electrical safety it is
important that you understand common
terms that are associated with
electricity a conductor is an object or
material that has very little resistance
to the flow of electrical current
electrical power lines extension cords
power cords and water are good
conductors an insulator is an object or
material that resists electrical current
and is not considered a good conductor
of electricity plastic glass porcelain
and dry wood are insulators grounding is
when one creates a low resistance path
to the earth for electrical current
grounding prevents buildup of voltages
that could cause an electrical accident
and is considered a secondary protective
measure amperes is how an electrical
current is measured voltage is the
pressure that drives or pushes
electrical current a transformer is a
device that increases or decreases
voltage in an electrical current now
let's look at how electricity works a
simple analogy will help explain using
electricity is like turning on a water
faucet there is a source of water a way
to transport it and pressure to make it
flow the faucets water source is a water
reservoir or pump station a pump
provides pressure for the water to
travel through the pipes
likewise with electricity there is a
source a way to transport it and
pressure to make it flow the source is a
power generating plant a transformer
provides the pressure or voltage for the
electrical current to travel through the
conductor's or electrical wires the
conductors are insulated to keep the
current contained and moving to its
destination and to help prevent shock
burns and fires electricity travels in
closed circuits normally through a
conductor most electrical conductors are
made of metal wires and cables that are
then wrapped with an insulator
the electricity always attempts to
travel to the ground and looks for the
shortest path electricity will take the
path of least resistance to reach the
ground
[Music]
OSHA has mandated certain requirements
for use in the construction industry two
types of grounding are required by OSHA
grounding does not guarantee that you
will not get a shot or be injured by
electricity but it does reduce the risk
especially when used in combination with
other safety measures the first ground
is called the system or service grounds
a system or service ground is designed
to protect machines tools and insulation
against damage a neutral conductor wire
usually a white or grey wire in low
voltage circuits is grounded at the
transformer and at the service entrance
to the building the second ground is an
equipment ground this grounding helps
protect a worker should a malfunction
cause the tools metal frame to become
energized by providing a second path for
the current to pass through from the
tool or machine to the ground OSHA also
requires employers to provide either
ground fault circuit interrupters
referred to as GFCIs or a scheduled and
recorded assured equipment grounding
conductor program a ground fault circuit
interrupter is a fast-acting circuit
breaker designed to shut off electric
power in the event of a ground fault
within as little as a 40th of a second
to prevent electrocution a ground fault
is a break in the low resistance
grounding path from a tool or electrical
system where the electrical current may
take an alternate path to the ground
through the user a GFCI works by
comparing the amount of current going to
and returning from equipment along the
circuit conductors when the amount
differs by approximately 5 milli amperes
the GFCI interrupts the current shutting
down the equipment the employer is
required to provide approved GFCIs for
all 120 volt single-phase 15 and 20
ampere receptacle outlets on
construction sites that are not a part
of the permanent wiring
of the building or structure and that
are in use by workers if a receptacle or
receptacles are installed as part of the
permanent wiring of the building or
structure and they are used for
temporary electrical power GFCI
protection shall be provided receptacles
on the ends of extension cords are not
part of the permanent wiring and
therefore the cords receptacle must be
of the GFCI type whether or not the
extension cord is plugged in to
permanent wiring GFCIs monitor the
current to the load for leakage to
ground the GFCI must be tested on a
regular basis permanently wired devices
should be tested monthly and portable
type GFCIs before each use ground fault
protection such as GFCIs is required by
OSHA in addition to not as a substitute
for industry standard general grounding
requirements the assured equipment
grounding conductor program is a written
program covering all cord sets
receptacles that are not part of the
permanent wiring of the building or
structure and any piece of equipment
connected by cord and plug that is
available for use or used by workers a
written description of the program must
be kept at the job site outlining
specific procedures for the equipment
inspections tests and tests scheduled
and made available to OSHA and to all
affected persons on demand a competent
person must be designated to implement
the program and be responsible for its
use a competent person is one who is
qualified to identify hazards and
authorized to take prompt corrective
measures cord sets attachment caps plugs
and receptacles and any equipment
connected by cord and plug must be
visually inspected before use each day
damaged equipment must be removed from
use until repaired
OSHA requires two tests to be performed
on electrical equipment a continuity
test and a terminal connection test
tests are required before first use
after any repairs and before placing the
equipment back into service OSHA also
requires the tests to be performed after
any suspected damage and before
returning to use additionally all
equipment must be tested every three
months whether being used or not to
perform a continuity test ensure that
the equipment grounding conductor is
electrically continuous this test can be
performed with a simple continuity
tester such as an ohm meter or a
receptacle tester the terminal
connection test ensures that the
equipment grounding conductor is
connected to its proper terminal this
test can also be performed with a
continuity tester ploy ease must
maintain a written record of the
required tests the written record should
include and identify all equipment that
passed the tests and the last date it
was tested this record should be made
available to all affected persons and
OSHA inspectors upon demand
[Music]
Datak electricity can cause a shock but
is generally not as dangerous as an
electrical shock static electricity can
build up on the surface of an object and
can discharge to a person causing a
shock this occurs more frequently in the
winter when the air is dryer and you
touch a doorknob or other metal object
and receive a shock static electricity
can have more serious consequences
friction can cause a high buildup of
static electricity at a specific spot on
an object if discharged when sufficient
amounts of flammable or combustible
substances are present an explosion can
occur grounding or other measures should
be taken to prevent static electric
buildup never refuel a portable gas can
in the bed of a pickup always place the
can on the ground before refueling
[Music]
electric shock is one of the most common
dangers of working around electricity
shocks occur when the body becomes part
of the electrical current the current
enters the body at one point and leaves
at another seeking the path of least
resistance to the ground shock can occur
when a person contacts both wires of an
energized electric circuit one wire of
an energized circuit and the ground any
metal part that becomes energized while
the person is also in contact with the
ground
[Music]
metallic parts of electrical tools and
machines can become energized when a
break in the insulation of their wiring
occurs a properly installed equipment
grounding conductor provides protection
from shock for a person touching and
energized tool or machine the electrical
shock can result in a slight tingling to
severe burns to immediate cardiac arrest
wet conditions increase the chances of
shock and contribute greatly to
low-voltage electrocutions
[Music]
small amounts of impurities such as salt
solvents and acid in water make it
highly conductive objects that normally
are poor conductors of electricity
become good conductors when wet your
skin and wood are good examples use
extreme caution when working with
electricity in wet or damp environments
should you or a co-worker receive a
shock or other injury seek emergency
medical attention immediately
even if an injury is not apparent burns
are another hazard of working around
electricity burns are the most common
injury received from an electrical shock
there are different types of burns that
electrical shock can cause more than one
type of burn can occur when a worker is
shocked electrical burns cause tissue
damage and require immediate medical
attention arc or flash burns are caused
by an electrical arc or explosion near a
worker thermal contact burns occur when
someone touches the hot surfaces of
overheated electrical conductors
conduits or other energized equipment or
when clothing catches fire from an
electrical arc when a person receives an
electrical shock sometimes the muscles
contract and freeze this is referred to
as involuntary muscle contraction the
muscle contraction causes the person to
be unable to pull away from the circuit
causing prolonged exposure to the
electricity long exposures at low
voltages can be just as dangerous as
short exposures at higher voltages
never touch someone if they are in
contact or frozen to an electrical
circuit turn off the power immediately
or use a stick pole or board made of dry
wood or other non conductive material to
push the person free from the current
excessive electricity flowing through
the body can cause serious damage to
internal organs internal injuries from
electricity may not be immediately
apparent and can be deadly
when working at elevations workers risk
a fall working with or near electrical
lines equipment and other energized
objects at elevations creates an
additional risk factor for a fall
sometimes when a person receives a shock
the muscles will have involuntary
reactions that cause an employee to be
thrown away from the electrical current
this often results in a fall that can
cause a variety of injuries including
bruises fractures and even death always
use extreme caution when working with
energized equipment at elevations and
use appropriate fall protection when
required other dangerous situations can
occur as the result of electrical
accidents these include fires or
explosions in atmospheres containing
flammable gases vapors or combustible
dusts equipment and machinery can also
explode sending fragmented metal in all
directions
[Music]
prior to working and especially digging
contact all utilities for buried line
locations watch for overhead lines and
buried power line indicators observe all
posted warning signs unqualified
employees and mechanical equipment
should remain at least 10 feet away from
overhead lines and always assume lines
are energized use ground fault circuit
interrupters or have an assured
equipment grounding conductor program as
required by OSHA test GFCIs according to
manufacturer's guidelines use double
insulated tools and equipment visually
inspect all cords equipment and tools
before use ground all power supply
systems electrical circuits and
electrical equipment frequently inspect
electrical systems to ensure ground is
continuous never remove ground prongs
from plugs plug connected equipment or
extension cords ground all exposed metal
parts of equipment always use tools
equipment and materials correctly never
use multi receptacle boxes designed to
be mounted by fitting them with a power
cord and placing them on the floor do
not fabricate extension cords out of
romex wire never use equipment outdoors
that is labeled for indoor use only do
not use two prong adapter plugs on three
prong cords and tools always use circuit
breakers or fuses correctly never use a
larger breaker or fuse than required
before use inspect cords or tools for
worn insulation or exposed wires never
remove ground prongs face plates or
insulation from wires normal wear and
tear on extension and flexible cords at
the worksite can loosen or expose wires
creating hazardous conditions
only use factory assembled cord sets
properly rated that are three wire type
and made for hard or extra hard usage
use only cords connection devices and
fittings that are equipped with strain
relief when unplugging cords pull on the
plug not on the cords continually audit
and inspect cords on site remove unsafe
cords immediately
[Music]
portable generators can also be very
dangerous if used incorrectly always
follow manufacturer's safety rules and
guidelines read the instruction manual
prior to use inspect generators before
each use
do not use generators if they are wet or
it is raining or snowing use only
undamaged heavy-duty cords that are
grounded as required use GFCIs according
to manufacturer's guidelines shut down
and let it cool down before refueling
never use a generator indoors
[Music]
your employer must provide you with
appropriate PPE always wear the required
PPE for the job maintain and inspect it
never use damaged PPE that could
compromise your safety PPE that is
required around electricity may include
lineman's gloves worn over leather
gloves hoods arc flash suits matting
blankets line hose and industrial
protective helmets designed to reduce
electric shock
[Music]
the proper use of lockout/tagout
procedures protects you from the
accidental or unexpected startup of
electrical equipment or machines lockout
tagout procedures are very specific and
are beyond the scope of this training
video your company will instruct you on
the need for and correct procedures of
lockout tagout
[Music]
electricity is a mainstay of the
construction industry respect it and you
can rely on it don't take shortcuts
around electricity if you don't
understand don't continue to do the work
stop and ask your supervisor be safe and
smart it's the only way to work
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