Band Composite & Mosaic of Landsat 8 data in ArcGIS
Summary
TLDRThis tutorial explains how to mosaic Landsat 8 data, starting with creating a band composite for multiple images. The instructor demonstrates the process of selecting and combining seven bands from each Landsat image, and then blending them using the mosaic tool in a GIS software. The tutorial walks through using the data management tools, raster processing, and setting properties like band combinations and histograms to achieve a smooth, unified image. The final output is a single, mosaic image from two different Landsat scenes, ideal for remote sensing analysis.
Takeaways
- 🌐 The tutorial focuses on mosaicking Landsat 8 satellite imagery data.
- 🔍 A band composite is created by combining specific bands of the Landsat 8 data.
- 📈 The script describes the process of creating a false color composite using bands 5, 4, and 3.
- 📁 Landsat 8 data consists of seven bands, each with a spatial resolution of 30 meters.
- 🗂️ The tutorial uses data downloaded from the USGS Earth Explorer.
- 🛠️ The Data Management Tool is utilized for both band composite and mosaicking processes.
- 📂 A new folder named 'landsat 8 mosaic' is created to store the processed images.
- 🔄 The script explains how to perform band composite for two different images before mosaicking.
- 📊 Histogram equalization is applied to enhance the contrast of the images before combining them.
- 🔗 The final step involves using the 'Mosaic to New Raster' tool to combine the two images into a single image.
- 🎶 The tutorial concludes with a brief musical interlude.
Q & A
What is the first step in processing Landsat 8 data as mentioned in the script?
-The first step is to perform a band composite for both images before mosaicking them.
What is a band composite in the context of Landsat 8 data?
-A band composite is the process of combining different spectral bands of an image to create a multi-band image for analysis. In Landsat 8, seven bands are typically combined.
How many bands does Landsat 8 have, and what is their spatial resolution?
-Landsat 8 has seven bands, all with a spatial resolution of 30 meters.
Which tool is used for performing band composites in the script?
-The 'Data Management Tool' is used for performing band composites under the 'Raster Processing' section.
What specific bands are mentioned for creating a false color composite in the Landsat 8 images?
-For a false color composite, bands 5, 4, and 3 are used.
After performing band composite on one image, what is the next step described in the script?
-The next step is to perform the band composite on the second image in a similar way as the first image.
What is a mosaic in the context of remote sensing data processing?
-A mosaic is the process of combining multiple images into a single continuous image. In this case, two different Landsat 8 images are combined.
Which tool is used for mosaicking the two Landsat 8 images?
-The 'Mosaic to New Raster' tool, found under 'Raster Processing' in the 'Data Management Tool', is used to mosaic the images.
How is the histogram equalization applied to the images during processing?
-Histogram equalization is applied to adjust the contrast of the images by selecting the 'Histogram Equalize' option in the image properties.
What does the script conclude about the final result after mosaicking the Landsat images?
-After mosaicking, the two separate images are combined into a single image with equalized contrast, ready for further analysis.
Outlines
🛰️ Introduction to Landsat 8 Data and Mosaic Creation
In this section, the instructor introduces the tutorial topic, which is about creating a mosaic using Landsat 8 data. The process starts with a band composite for two images and then moves to the mosaic step. The instructor briefly explains what a mosaic is and mentions that the data has been downloaded from the USGS Earth Explorer. The focus then shifts to the first step of performing a band composite, mentioning the seven bands (Band 1 through Band 7) with 30-meter spatial resolution and the same projection system. The instructor demonstrates how to use the Data Management Tool in the software to perform band compositing, specifically navigating through options like 'Raster Processing' and 'Composite Band'. They emphasize naming the folders and saving the project correctly using path and row identifiers like 143/049.
📊 Band Composite and Contrast Adjustment
Here, the instructor continues by showing the process for creating a band composite for the second image. Similar steps are followed, including adding Bands 1 to 7, specifying the path and row (143/050), and adjusting the band properties for symbology (Bands 5, 4, 3 for false color composite). After both band composites are created, the instructor addresses the visible contrast between the two images. They suggest adjusting the contrast using the histogram equalization tool to reduce the difference between the images, making them visually comparable. This prepares the images for the next step, which is the mosaic process.
🖼️ Merging the Images into a Single Mosaic
This section focuses on the final step of the tutorial, where the instructor demonstrates how to merge the two prepared images into a single mosaic. Using the 'Mosaic to New Raster' tool within the Data Management Tool, they explain how to select both images, assign a folder, provide a name, and set the number of bands to seven. The instructor reiterates that a mosaic involves combining two or more images into one. Once the mosaic is ready, the same histogram equalization technique is applied to improve the final image's visual quality. The result is a single, seamless image composed of the two Landsat 8 images, successfully demonstrating the mosaic process.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Mosaic
💡Landsat 8
💡Band Composite
💡Resolution
💡Projection System
💡Data Management Tool
💡Raster Processing
💡UHS Earth Explorer
💡Row and Path
💡Histogram Equalization
💡False Color Composite
Highlights
Introduction to the tutorial: Overview of mosaic process for Landsat 8 data.
Explanation of band composite: Starting with the creation of a band composite for two images.
Introduction to mosaic process: Detailed steps for performing mosaic on Landsat 8 images.
Downloading data from the USGS Earth Explorer for analysis.
Listing the seven bands available in Landsat 8 data (Band 1 to Band 7) and their spatial resolution of 30 meters.
Explanation of the same spatial resolution and projection system for all seven bands.
Navigating the Data Management Tool in GIS software to perform the band composite.
Steps to access the 'Raster' and 'Raster Processing' options for creating band composites.
Procedure to add bands one by one (from Band 1 to Band 7) to perform the composite.
Creating a folder and assigning a name ('Landsat 8 Mosaic') for storing the composite.
Demonstration of how to add row and path information (e.g., 143049) when saving composites.
Performing band composites for two different images to prepare them for mosaicking.
Explanation of using Band 5, 4, and 3 for creating a false color composite.
Applying histogram equalization to reduce contrast between the two images.
Final mosaic step: Combining two different images into a single image using 'Mosaic to New Raster' option in the Data Management Tool.
Transcripts
hello everyone thank you for joining my
tutorials today we'll learn how to
mosaic landsat 8 data so what we'll do
first we'll do a band composite for the
both the images and after that we'll do
mosaic
okay so what is mosaic that i that also
i will explain so first we'll see about
the band composite how to do that and
after that we'll mosaic both the landsat
image so i have downloaded this data
from the uhs earth explorer so after
that you can able to add this is my band
one i have added okay so this is here
seven bands are there in the landsat
data so band one band two
band three
band four
band five
band six
and band seven so the special resolution
of all the seven bands is 30 meter so if
you'll see in the properties this is the
30 meter resolution and all are having a
same special resolution
and all are having a same projection
system okay
so for that to doing a band composite i
will go
to the
data management tool in the data
management tool there is a
projection and transformation there is a
raster
okay in the there is a raster
in the raster
there is a
option that is a raster processing and
there is a band compress or composite
band okay where we need to go we need to
go data management tool
after that there is a raster
in raster there is raster processing and
composite path
so here we need to add one to seven band
band one
then band 2
band 3
band 4
band 5
band 6
band 7
and here we need to select create a
folder
so suppose i will create one folder here
for that i will provide
name here
suppose
landsat
8
mosaic
so
we'll select the folder and i will
provide name here
okay so i will provide row and path here
one four three zero four nine
one four three zero four nine so this is
the
row and path i will provide and i will
click on save and i will click on ok
so
same way
what we need to do we need to
do band composite for the second image
also
so now my band composite is ready here
if i will go to the properties
symbology
band 5
4
and 3
is the false color composite
okay
so
i will do same with the another image
which i want to mosaic
so i will remove this
then i have
another image
so here i will add band 1
band 2
band 3
band 4
band 5
band 6 and band 7
okay so this 7 image is there
again we will go to the
composite band
and i will add
band 1 to
7 again
here i will provide
one four three
zero five zero so this is a 50
and i will click on okay
so now my band composite is ready i'll
go to the properties
here i will provide a band 5
4
3
apply and ok
so now i have two images
this i will remove from here
so
again i will add
so i have 49.50 image okay
so if i take it above here you can able
to see i will right click go to
properties
and band five
four
three
apply okay so here you can able to see
there is a contrast
in the
both the bands you can able to see here
in both the images so what we'll do
we'll go to the right click properties
and here you can use the histogram
equalize apply and okay again you can go
here properties
then use histogram equalize apply and
okay
now there is a
not that much of contrast
now you can able to see clearly
the two images
so now what we are going to do we want
to combine this both images into single
image
for that
we have a tool
in
data management tool okay
in the data management tool there is a
raster
in the raster there is a raster
processing
in the raster there is a
raster data set in the raster data set
there is a mosaic to your raster option
is there
so click on the mosaic new raster here i
will add both the images
and after that
here i need to select a folder
so i am working in landsat 8 so this
folder i need to select
and after that i will provide a name to
it
mosaic
then number of band is seven
we have used seven bands and click on ok
so what we are doing mosaic means these
two different images we are combining
together
and we are doing mosaic it
so now my band composite is ready here
i'll right click go to properties
here if you'll select band 5
4 and 3
apply
so now you can able to see this is ready
and you can go for the histogram
equalize
so if i'll uncheck this you can see this
is in one image now
so this way you can mosaic
so you can able to see these are two
different images
and we have mosaic them
so simple this method you can able to
use for the mosaic landsat data
[Music]
you
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