Tinjauan Historis Pancasila bag 2

Summary

The script discusses the historical development of Indonesia's Pancasila, a philosophical foundation established by the nation's founders. It highlights the key role of figures like Soekarno and the collaborative efforts of various groups in shaping the principles. The narrative covers the transition from BPUPKI to PPKI, leading to the Proclamation of Independence. It emphasizes the dynamic and inclusive nature of Pancasila's conceptualization, reflecting the nation's collective spirit and aspirations for justice and unity.

Takeaways

• 🇮🇩 The transcript discusses the development of Pancasila, the philosophical foundation of the Indonesian state, highlighting its collaborative creation by the nation's founders.
• 📜 It emphasizes the controversy over the term 'Ketuhanan' and its rephrasing to 'Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa' in the final version of the state's foundational principles.
• 🗣️ The role of key individuals like Soekarno and Muhammad Yamin is underscored, showing their significant influence on shaping the country's foundational philosophy.
• 🎓 The historical context of the Indonesian declaration of independence and the formation of the BPUPKI (Preparatory Committee for Indonesian Independence) is provided.
• 📝 The script mentions the establishment of the PPKI (Preparation Committee for Indonesian Independence) and its role in solidifying the country's independence.
• 📅 The timeline of events is highlighted, including the critical dates of June 1, 1945, for the initial Pancasila speech, and August 7, 1945, for the completion of the BPUPKI's tasks.
• 👥 The composition of the committees is detailed, showing the balance between nationalist and Islamic groups in the formulation of Pancasila.
• 📑 The process of refining the Pancasila principles is described, including the reordering and rewording of the principles to their final form.
• 📈 The script illustrates the dynamic nature of the Pancasila's conceptualization, involving various groups and stages, reflecting a collective effort.
• 📊 The importance of the Pancasila as a unifying force for the diverse Indonesian nation is emphasized, and its role in guiding the country's governance and social structure is discussed.

Q & A

What is Pancasila?

Pancasila is the philosophical foundation of the Indonesian state, consisting of five principles: Belief in One Supreme God, Just and Civilized Humanity, Unity of Indonesia, Democracy led by the wisdom of the representative council, and Social Justice.

Who proposed the Pancasila?

Soekarno, one of the founding fathers of Indonesia, proposed the Pancasila during his monumental speech on June 1, 1945, in response to a request by Radjiman Widyodiningrat for the philosophical basis of the Indonesian state.

What was the significance of the speech by Soekarno on June 1, 1945?

Soekarno's speech was significant as it laid out the five principles that would become the foundation of the Indonesian state, and it was received with great enthusiasm and applause from the members of BPUPKI.

What is BPUPKI?

BPUPKI stands for Badan Penyelidik Usaha-Usaha Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia, which translates to the Investigative Body for the Preparation of Indonesian Independence. It was a committee tasked with preparing for Indonesia's independence.

Who were the members of the 'panitia kecil' or small committee formed to draft the state principles?

The small committee consisted of eight individuals: Soekarno, Muhammad Hatta, Muhammad Yamin, A. Maramis, Sutardjo Kartohadikusumo, Otto Iskandardinata, Ki Bagus Hadikusumo, and Haji Wahid Hasyim.

What changes were made to the original Pancasila during the drafting process?

The principle of belief in God was moved from the fifth to the first principle, and additional wording was added regarding the implementation of Islamic law for its followers. The principles of internationalism/humanitarianism, nationalism, democracy, and social welfare were rephrased and repositioned to reflect a more unified Indonesia, democracy led by the wisdom of the representative council, and social justice for all Indonesian people.

What was the role of the 'Panitia Sembilan' or nine-person committee in the development of Pancasila?

The 'Panitia Sembilan' was responsible for finalizing the Pancasila as the state philosophy, drafting it into the preamble of the Constitution, and preparing it as the basis for the Proclamation of Independence.

When was the Pancasila officially adopted?

The Pancasila was officially adopted on June 22, 1945, during the final session of the BPUPKI.

What is PPKI?

PPKI stands for Panitia Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia, which translates to the Preparatory Committee for Indonesian Independence. It was formed after the BPUPKI to continue the preparations for Indonesia's independence.

Who were the key figures in the PPKI?

The key figures in the PPKI included Soekarno, Muhammad Hatta, and Radjiman Widyodiningrat, who served as the chairman and deputy chairmen, respectively.

What was the significance of the Proclamation of Independence in the context of the script?

The Proclamation of Independence marked a drastic change in the political landscape of Indonesia, leading to adjustments in the composition of the PPKI and the eventual establishment of the Republic of Indonesia with Soekarno as the President and Muhammad Hatta as the Vice President.