#sejarahindonesia PENGESAHAN UUD 1945 DAN PEMILIHAN PRESIDEN, WAKIL PRESIDEN | VIDEO DOKUMENTER

Summary

This video discusses the establishment of Indonesia as an independent nation and the formation of its constitution, the 1945 Constitution (UUD 1945). It explains how BPUPKI and PPKI played crucial roles in drafting and finalizing the constitution. A key point was the revision of the first principle of Pancasila, where Islamic leaders agreed to change it for national unity. The video also covers the PPKI meeting on August 18, 1945, where Soekarno was elected as president and Hatta as vice president, marking the foundation of the Republic of Indonesia.

Takeaways

• 📜 The proclamation of Indonesian independence marked the creation of a new nation named Indonesia.
• 🏛️ One of the first critical tasks for this new nation was to establish a constitution, the 1945 Constitution (UUD 1945).
• 🗓️ The UUD 1945 was drafted from May 29 to June 16, 1945, by BPUPKI and later approved by PPKI after BPUPKI was dissolved in August 1945.
• ⚖️ A crucial debate arose regarding the wording of the first principle of Pancasila, which originally mentioned implementing Islamic law for Muslims.
• 🛐 Indonesian Christians, particularly from eastern regions, objected to this version, sparking concerns about national unity.
• 🤝 Muhammad Hatta, alongside Islamic leaders, agreed to change the first principle of Pancasila to 'Belief in the Almighty God' to avoid division.
• 📅 On August 18, 1945, PPKI approved the revised UUD 1945, including the reworded Pancasila principles.
• 👥 During the same session, PPKI also elected Sukarno as the first President and Hatta as Vice President of Indonesia by acclamation.
• 📑 The Constitution became the supreme law of the land, and no regulations could contradict it.
• 🇮🇩 The establishment of the Central Indonesian National Committee (KNIP) was also decided during this historic session.

Q & A

What is the importance of the Proclamation of Indonesian Independence?

The proclamation of Indonesian independence marked the official formation of a new country, Indonesia, on August 17, 1945.

What role did BPUPKI play in the formation of Indonesia’s constitution?

BPUPKI, established before Indonesia’s independence, was responsible for drafting the initial version of the 1945 Constitution from May 29 to June 16, 1945.

What major issue arose concerning the first principle of Pancasila before the PPKI session on August 18, 1945?

There was a significant debate about the wording of the first principle of Pancasila, which initially mentioned 'the obligation to follow Islamic Sharia for its followers.' This caused concern among Christians in Eastern Indonesia.

Who mediated the resolution of the debate over the first principle of Pancasila?

Muhammad Hatta played a key role in resolving the debate by convincing influential Islamic leaders to modify the first principle of Pancasila to 'Belief in the One Supreme God,' promoting national unity.

What was the significance of the PPKI session on August 18, 1945?

The session on August 18, 1945, was crucial as it officially ratified the 1945 Constitution and elected Soekarno as the first president and Muhammad Hatta as the vice president of Indonesia.

Why was the wording of the first principle of Pancasila changed?

The wording was changed to avoid division and ensure that the Constitution would represent all Indonesians, not just the Muslim majority, to maintain national unity.

How was the president and vice president chosen during the PPKI session?

Initially, ballots were prepared for voting, but based on Otto Iskandardinata’s suggestion, Soekarno and Hatta were chosen as president and vice president by acclamation.

What was the purpose of the Indonesian National Committee (Komite Nasional Indonesia Pusat)?

The Indonesian National Committee was formed to assist the president in governing the country during the early stages of independence.

What does the 1945 Constitution represent for Indonesia?

The 1945 Constitution serves as the fundamental law of Indonesia, reflecting the country's worldview and being the primary source of legal authority.

What were the key outcomes of the PPKI session on August 18, 1945?

The key outcomes were the ratification of the 1945 Constitution, the election of Soekarno as president and Hatta as vice president, and the formation of the Indonesian National Committee.