Evolusi Nama Orang Jawa: Semakin Arab, Unik, dan Panjang | Buka Data

Summary

The Javanese naming tradition has evolved significantly over the past century, shifting from simple, predominantly Javanese or Sanskrit names to a blend of Arabic and Javanese influences due to increasing islamization. This trend, observed in regencies like Bantul, Lamongan, and Lumajang, reflects a broader cultural syncretism where Javanese, Arabic, and other languages merge in names. The印尼esia’s New Order policies, promoting education and religious adherence, further fueled this change. Today, Javanese names are not only unique and lengthy but also a testament to the region's dynamic identity, bridging tradition, religion, and globalization.

Takeaways

• 🌟 Traditional Javanese names were simple, often one word, derived from Javanese or Sanskrit.
• 🔍 The younger Javanese generation is seeing a decline in traditional names, with Western names becoming more prevalent.
• 🚫 There was an attempt to prohibit Western names in Karanganyar, Central Java, but it was met with protests and eventually revoked.
• 📊 A study by Askuri and Joel Kuipers analyzed 3.7 million names from three Javanese regencies, revealing significant changes in naming trends.
• 📉 Pure Javanese names have significantly decreased, now constituting only 10% in Lamongan, from being the majority.
• 📈 Arabic names and Javanese-Arabic hybrid names have gained popularity since the 1970s, surpassing pure Javanese names.
• 🕌 The shift towards Arabic names is attributed to the process of islamization and the desire to express Islamic identity.
• 📚 Indonesia's New Order policies, including education reforms, influenced the adoption of Arabic names and the perception of religious literacy.
• 🆕 The trend of unique and long names, or 'Superhybrid' names, has been rising since the 1980s, reflecting a consumer society's emphasis on individuation.
• 🌐 Despite the decline in traditional names, Javanese culture continues to syncretize, blending Javanese, Arabic, and other linguistic elements in names to maintain cultural identity.

Q & A

What was the traditional simplicity of Javanese names?

Traditional Javanese names were very simple, usually consisting of one word, mostly in Javanese or Sanskrit.

Why were Western names almost prohibited in Karanganyar?

Western names were almost prohibited in Karanganyar because the local authorities wanted to preserve traditional Javanese naming practices, as they noticed a shift towards Western names among the younger generation.

What does the statement 'Today’s kids are no longer named Joko or Santoso' imply?

The statement implies that traditional Javanese names like Joko or Santoso are becoming less common, and there is a trend towards more Westernized or hybrid names.

How many names did Askuri and Joel Kuipers study, and from which regions?

Askuri and Joel Kuipers studied a total of 3.7 million names obtained from the population data of three Javanese regencies: Bantul, Lamongan, and Lumajang.

What are the six categories of names identified in the study?

The six categories of names identified are: Pure Javanese, Pure Arabic, Javanese-Arabic Hybrid, Javanese Hybrid, Indonesian Hybrid, and Superhybrid.

What significant change has occurred in the naming pattern in Lamongan?

In Lamongan, the percentage of pure Javanese names has significantly decreased from being the majority to only 10 percent.

What is the reason behind the popularity of Arabic names among Javanese?

The popularity of Arabic names is due to the process of islamization, as Arabic names are a form of Islamic registry and a Muslim identifier for many Javanese.

How has the Indonesian New Order influenced naming trends in Java?

The Indonesian New Order promoted education and required citizens to claim one of the official religions, which led to an increase in the adoption of Arabic names and a greater emphasis on religious literacy.

What does the term 'Superhybrid' refer to in the context of Javanese names?

The term 'Superhybrid' refers to names that combine Arabic vocabulary with other languages, resulting in unique and often long names, reflecting a trend towards individuation and consumer society values.

How does the shift towards unique and long names reflect Javanese culture?

The shift towards unique and long names, including the use of Superhybrid names, reflects the Javanese culture of syncretism, where Javanese vocabulary is combined with Arabic and other languages to build a unique identity that bridges tradition, Islam, and globalization.

Outlines

00:00

🌏 Cultural Shift in Javanese Naming

The paragraph discusses the evolution of Javanese names from traditional single-word names to more complex and hybrid forms. It highlights the influence of Islam on naming trends, with Arabic names becoming increasingly popular since the 1970s. The paragraph also touches on the role of education policies under Indonesia's New Order in promoting religious literacy and the adoption of Arabic names. The shift towards unique and longer names, referred to as 'Superhybrid', is seen as a reflection of consumer society values and the Javanese tradition of syncretism, where elements of different cultures are blended to form a unique identity.

05:03

🌐 Syncretism and Identity in Javanese Naming

This paragraph delves into the concept of consumer society as proposed by Jean Baudrillard, where individuation and the need for uniqueness are linked to purchasing power and social status. It applies this concept to the Javanese practice of naming, suggesting that the trend towards unique and prestigious names reflects a desire for individuality and prestige. Despite the shift away from traditional names, the paragraph argues that Javanese culture is not being lost but is instead adapting and preserving its syncretic nature through the incorporation of Arabic and other linguistic elements into names. This process is seen as a bridge between Islamic, Javanese, and global influences, allowing for the construction of a dynamic and evolving cultural identity.

Keywords

💡Sukarno, Soeharto, Kasijati, Hartini

These are traditional Javanese names that were once common but are now becoming rare among the younger generation. They represent the cultural heritage and the simplicity of Javanese naming conventions, which are mostly one-word names derived from Javanese or Sanskrit. The mention of these names in the script serves to contrast with the current trend of adopting Western and Arabic names, highlighting a cultural shift.

💡Islamization

Islamization refers to the increasing influence of Islamic culture and practices in a society. In the context of the video, it is the driving force behind the shift from traditional Javanese names to Arabic names. This trend signifies a change in religious and cultural identity among the Javanese people, as Arabic names are seen as a form of Islamic registry and a Muslim identifier.

💡Javanese-Arabic Hybrid Names

These are names that combine elements from both Javanese and Arabic languages. The script mentions that such hybrid names have become more popular than pure Javanese names since the 1970s. This reflects the syncretism in Javanese culture, where traditional elements are merged with Islamic influences, creating a unique naming practice that bridges the gap between tradition and modernity.

💡Superhybrid Names

Superhybrid names are a more recent development where Arabic vocabulary is combined with other languages to create unique and often lengthy names. This trend, as discussed in the script, is a response to the desire for individuality and uniqueness in naming, which is also a reflection of consumer society values where prestige is associated with uniqueness.

💡Syncretism

Syncretism is the combination of different beliefs, practices, or elements of different cultures. In the video, syncretism is evident in the way Javanese culture has integrated Islamic elements, such as Arabic names, while still maintaining its traditional Javanese vocabulary. This demonstrates the dynamic and inclusive nature of Javanese culture, which adapts and evolves over time.

💡Indonesianization

Indonesianization refers to the process of adopting Indonesian cultural, linguistic, or national elements. The script mentions that the Indonesian New Order government promoted education and required citizens to identify with one of the official religions, which contributed to the increase in Arabic names. This policy reflects the broader trend of Indonesianization, where national identity is shaped by state policies and cultural assimilation.

💡Consumer Society

Consumer society is a term coined by Jean Baudrillard to describe a society where consumption and the acquisition of material goods are central to social status and identity. The script uses this concept to explain the trend of unique and long names in Java, suggesting that the desire for individuality and prestige is driving parents to create distinctive names for their children, much like consumers seek unique products.

💡Globalization

Globalization is the increasing interconnectedness and interdependence of the world's cultures, economies, and political systems. The video discusses how Javanese naming practices are influenced by globalization, as parents are exposed to a wider range of naming conventions and are influenced by global trends, leading to the adoption of Western and Arabic names.

💡Cultural Identity

Cultural identity refers to the unique cultural characteristics and traditions that define a group or society. The script explores how Javanese people are maintaining their cultural identity through their naming practices, even as they adopt elements from other cultures. This balance between tradition and external influences is a key aspect of the video's theme.

💡Religious Literacy

Religious literacy is the knowledge and understanding of religious beliefs, practices, and traditions. The video suggests that the shift towards Arabic names in Java is not just about the growth in the number of Muslims but also about parents' perception of themselves as religiously literate. This indicates a deeper engagement with religious identity and a desire to express this through naming practices.

Highlights

Javanese names have evolved from simplicity to complexity, reflecting cultural and religious shifts.

Traditional Javanese names, often one word in Javanese or Sanskrit, are becoming rare among younger generations.

Karanganyar, a regency in Central Java, once considered prohibiting Western names for children.

Sumanto, head of Karanganyar Regional People's Rep. Council, noted a shift from traditional to Western names.

The study by Askuri and Joel Kuipers analyzed 3.7 million names from three Javanese regencies.

Names were categorized into six types: Pure Javanese, Pure Arabic, Javanese-Arabic Hybrid, Javanese Hybrid, Indonesian Hybrid, and Superhybrid.

In Lamongan, pure Javanese names have dropped to only 10 percent, with Arabic names and hybrids becoming more popular.

The popularity of Arabic names is attributed to the islamization of Javanese society.

Arabic names are seen as a form of Islamic registry and a Muslim identifier among Javanese.

The purification of Arabic names indicates a shift towards more accurate transliterations.

Indonesia's New Order policies promoted education and required citizens to claim one of the official religions.

Religion became a mandatory subject in schools under Indonesia’s New Order, influencing naming trends.

The growth of Arabic names reflects a subjective perception of religious literacy among parents in the ‘90s.

Parents in Java are increasingly seeking unique names, often combining Arabic vocabulary with other languages.

The use of Superhybrid names and three-word names is rising, reflecting a consumer society's emphasis on individuation.

The trend towards unique and long names is seen as an act of consumer society, where uniqueness is prestigious.

Despite the decline in pure Javanese names, Javanese culture is preserved through syncretism in naming practices.

Javanese names continue to incorporate vocabulary from Arabic and other languages, building a bridge between tradition and globalization.

Transcripts

It all started with Sukarno, Soeharto, Kasijati, or Hartini.

Javanese names used to be very simple.

They usually consisted of one word, mostly in Javanese or Sanskrit.

However, such names are now hard to find in the younger Javanese generation.

Even naming a child a Western name was about

to be prohibited in Karanganyar, a regency in Central Java.

“Today’s kids are no longer named Joko or Santoso.

The names have gone Western."

said Sumanto, head of Karanganyar Regional People's Rep. Council, two years ago.

The plan raised protests and later got revoked.

However, Sumanto’s statement was not completely wrong.

These four graphics show how in the last century

the pattern of naming Javanese kids is experiencing a tremendous change.

The four graphics mentioned are from Askuri and Joel Kuipers.

The two researchers studied the total 3.7 million names

obtained from the population data of three Javanese regencies:

Bantul, Lamongan, and Lumajang.

These names were then categorized as: Pure Javanese

Pure Arabic

Javanese-Arabic Hybrid

Javanese Hybrid

Indonesian Hybrid

and Superhybrid

The result is shown in this graphic.

In Lamongan, pure Javanese names

used to be the majority. Now, only at 10 percent.

However, it was not Western names that claimed the fame.

Since the ‘70s, Arabic names and Javanese-Arabic hybrid names

have been more popular than the pure Javanese.

This pattern is also found in Bantul and Lumajang.

In the ‘80s-’90s, Arabic names were getting

more and more popular

and it was a sign. So, why Arabic names?

This shift is due to islamization.

No doubt, because Arabic name is a form of Islamic registry

and one of Muslim identifiers

for many Javanese. That is why

the Javanese started to give their children Arabic names.

Another important sign of islamization is

how the Arabic names are getting purified. Or we can say, getting purer.

There used to be some kind of bias

as an Arabic name would be treated in Javanese dialect.

For example, the name “Muhammad” came with a lot of variants.

There was “Mad”, “Mamat”, “Kemat”,

“Mokamat” with a “k”.

But in the ‘90s, most of “Muhammad” names followed the source of its transliteration.

This shift was also highly influenced by Indonesia’s New Order

that promoted participating in education

by establishing new schools,

under the campaign of President-Instructed elementary schools SD Inpres

since the ‘70s and the 9-Year Compulsory Education program "Wajib Belajar"

Indonesia’s New Order also required an Indonesian

to claim one of the official religions.

Since then, religion has become a mandatory subject in school.

Islamization doesn’t mean the growth in the quantity of Muslims,

but instead, a subjective perception

of the parents in the ‘90s

that they are religiously literate.

The shift of Javanese name trends did not stop there.

The growth of Arabic names in Java since the late’80s was also apparent

in the emergence of creating a unique name that nobody else has used.

Take a look, since the late 20th Century, the Javanese names rarely remained the same.

Now that the parents are aiming at unique names,

they will combine Arabic vocabulary with other languages.

As a result, the names in Java are not only unique, but also incredibly long.

Being a practice since the ‘80s until now, the use of Superhybrid names are rising.

Three-word names are also getting more popular.

The context of uniqueness, individuation

of giving long names, I see as an act consumer society.

Consumer society as Jean Baudrillard proposed.

In this society, the higher one’s purchasing power

the higher the need to accentuate their sense of ego.

That’s individuation, a sense of ego.

For example, the more money you have, the more unique you want your car to be.

The same thing applies in the context of creating names.

The more unique, the more prestigious it is.

Indeed, pure Javanese names are no longer widely desired.

But, this doesn’t mean the Javanese are not preserving their culture.

Instead, this highlights the everlasting Javanese culture of syncretism.

Javanese vocabulary will remain in their names

along with that of Arabic and other languages.

This way, the Javanese keep building their identity and the bridge of

hope for Islam, Javanese tradition, and globalization through names.