Konsep Landasan Pendidikan (Dr.Hj. Kurniasih, M.Pd)

Summary

The lecture discusses the foundational concepts of education, focusing on the definition, types, and functions of educational foundations. The speaker explains that educational foundations are a set of assumptions used as the starting point for both educational practice and study. These foundations are classified into four types: religious, philosophical, scientific, and legal. The lecture also highlights the importance of both descriptive and prescriptive educational foundations, and how they guide educational programs in shaping professional skills and theoretical knowledge essential for teachers and educational institutions.

Takeaways

• 📘 Education foundations consist of a set of assumptions used as a starting point in both educational studies and practices.
• 🔍 There are four main types of educational foundations based on their sources: religious, philosophical, scientific, and legal (juridical).
• 🕌 Religious foundations are based on religious teachings, such as the Quran and Hadith for Islamic education, emphasizing lifelong learning as a duty.
• 💭 Philosophical foundations derive from various schools of philosophy, such as idealism, realism, and pragmatism, influencing different approaches to education.
• 🔬 Scientific foundations are based on different disciplines like psychology, sociology, economics, and anthropology, shaping educational methods and perspectives.
• 📜 Legal foundations are based on laws and regulations, like Indonesia's National Education Law, ensuring that education follows national standards.
• 📊 Educational foundations can be descriptive (empirical) or prescriptive (ideal), guiding both the understanding and ideal vision of education.
• 🏫 Educational programs in teacher training institutions include foundational courses to build a base of knowledge for all specializations.
• 🎓 The role of specialized subprograms is to develop specific skills for different educational fields, while foundational subprograms focus on general educational theory.
• 📖 The purpose of educational foundations is to enhance understanding of educational theory and practice, supporting both professional teaching and further educational studies.

Q & A

What is the definition of 'educational foundation' according to the transcript?

Educational foundation is a set of assumptions used as the starting point in education, forming the basis for both educational practice and study.

What are the four sources of educational foundations mentioned in the transcript?

The four sources of educational foundations are religion, philosophy, science, and legal or juridical sources.

How is religious education foundation defined in the transcript?

Religious education foundation refers to assumptions derived from religious teachings, such as the Quran and Hadith for Muslims, which serve as a basis for educational practices.

Can you give an example of a religious educational foundation based on Islamic teachings?

An example is the Hadith that states, 'Seek knowledge from the cradle to the grave,' implying that lifelong learning is a duty for every Muslim.

What are the types of philosophical education foundations mentioned?

The types of philosophical education foundations include idealism, realism, pragmatism, and existentialism, with each offering different approaches to knowledge and education.

How does the realist view influence teaching methods in education?

Realists believe knowledge is gained through sensory experience, so they emphasize teaching methods that allow students to learn through direct experience, like observation and practical exercises.

What is the scientific foundation of education based on?

The scientific foundation of education is based on assumptions from various academic disciplines such as psychology, sociology, economics, anthropology, and biology.

What is an example of a legal or juridical education foundation in Indonesia?

An example is the Indonesian Law No. 20 of 2003 on the National Education System and Government Regulation No. 19 of 2005 on National Education Standards.

What is the difference between descriptive and prescriptive education foundations?

Descriptive education foundations describe the reality of education (empirical or scientific), while prescriptive foundations offer guidelines on what education should ideally be (religious, philosophical, or legal).

What is the role of educational foundations in teacher training programs (LPTK) according to the transcript?

In LPTK programs, educational foundations provide a theoretical basis for professional teaching practice, equipping future educators with the knowledge to implement educational theories in various specializations.