BRIEF HISTORY OF CAMPUS JOURNALISM IN THE PHILIPPINES

Summary

This podcast explores the history of campus journalism in the Philippines, highlighting its origins at the University of Santo Tomas in 1890. It discusses the evolution of school newspapers, their significance in student life, and the regulations that have shaped them. Notable figures like Carlos P. Romulo, the first Asian Pulitzer Prize winner, are mentioned. The narrative also covers the impact of World War II, post-war resurgence, and the current state of digital journalism, emphasizing campus journalism's role in fostering student expression and communication skills.

Takeaways

• 📰 The first newspaper in the Philippines was 'El Superior Gobierno', published in Spanish on August 8, 1811.
• 🏛 Campus journalism in the Philippines began at the collegiate level with the University of Santo Tomas in 1890.
• 📘 The Philippine Normal University and Ateneo de Manila were early adopters of campus journalism with their respective publications.
• 🏫 High school student publications in the Philippines are as old as the public school system, established in 1901.
• 👨‍🏫 The implementation of Act No. 74 in 1901 led to a teacher shortage, with 600 teachers from the USA being sent to the Philippines.
• 📝 Carlos P. Romulo, a notable Filipino journalist, was a reporter at 16, editor at 20, and publisher at 32, winning the Pulitzer Prize for journalism.
• 📚 Student publications were introduced to the Philippines after their adoption in American high schools and colleges.
• 📖 The first regularly issued printed high school paper in the Philippines was 'La Union', published in 1923.
• 📜 Names of school papers often reflect geographical locations, main products, or sources of living in their areas.
• 📈 By 1986, over 900 English and Filipino secondary school papers were being published in the Philippines.
• 🖋️ The history of campus journalism is vital as it lays the foundation for freedom of opinion and expression among students.

Q & A

What was the first newspaper published in the Philippines?

The first newspaper published in the Philippines was called 'El Superior Gobierno,' which was in Spanish and its first issue was published on August 8, 1811.

Who was the editor of 'El Superior Gobierno'?

The editor of 'El Superior Gobierno' was the Governor General, with the specific name being 'Gobernador General' during that era.

How many issues of 'El Superior Gobierno' were published and for how long?

There were 15 issues of 'El Superior Gobierno' published over a period of six months, with the last issue appearing on February 7, 1812.

When did campus journalism begin in the Philippines?

The history of campus journalism in the Philippines started at the collegiate level with the University of Santo Tomas in 1890.

What was the first high school student publication in the Philippines?

The first high school student publication was introduced shortly after its adoption in American high schools, with Manila High School's student paper starting in 1911-1912.

What is the significance of Carlos P. Romulo in Philippine journalism?

Carlos P. Romulo was a reporter at the age of 16, a newspaper editor by 20, and a publisher by 32. He was the only Asian to win the Pulitzer Prize in journalism for his series of articles predicting the outbreak of World War II.

What was the first regularly issued printed high school paper in the Philippines?

The first regularly issued printed high school paper in the Philippines was 'La Union,' published in 1923.

What are some common themes for naming school newspapers in the Philippines?

School newspapers in the Philippines are often named after the geographical location or the main product or source of living in their area, such as 'The Melting Pot' for Tarlac or 'The Granary' for Nueva Ecija.

What was the impact of World War II on campus journalism in the Philippines?

Despite the disruptions caused by World War II, campus journalism continued to thrive in the Philippines, with many campus newspapers being established after the war.

What was the role of Mrs. Sarah England in the formalization of journalism education in the Philippines?

Mrs. Sarah England, an American teacher at Mapa High School, played a pivotal role in the formalization of journalism education by successfully experimenting with the teaching of journalism, which led to other schools following suit.

How has campus journalism evolved in the Philippines during the pandemic?

Campus journalism has seen drastic changes due to the pandemic, with a shift towards digital newspapers and online platforms, adapting to the challenges posed by the current times.

Outlines

00:00

📰 Early Campus Journalism in the Philippines

The script begins with a discussion on the history of campus journalism in the Philippines, starting from the first newspaper, 'Del Superior Gobierno,' published in 1811. It then moves to the collegiate level, highlighting the University of Santo Tomas as the pioneer in campus journalism in 1890. The importance of school papers in student life is emphasized, along with the evolution of student publications from the early days to the establishment of a centralized public school system in 1901. The script also mentions the role of Carlos P. Romulo, a notable journalist and publisher, and his contributions to student journalism.

05:00

🌟 Growth and Regulation of Student Publications

This paragraph delves into the growth and regulation of student publications in the Philippines. It discusses the introduction of student publications after their adoption in American schools and the first regularly issued high school paper, 'La Union,' published in 1923. The paragraph also covers the requirements for high school papers as outlined by the Bureau of Education in 1929, including the need for capable teachers, sufficient finances, and a printer. The history of Manila City Newspapers is also briefly touched upon, along with the post-World War II resurgence of campus newspapers.

10:01

📚 Formalizing Journalism Education

The focus of this paragraph is on the formalization of journalism education in the Philippines. It discusses the introduction of formal classroom instruction in journalism, starting with an experiment by an American teacher, Sarah England, at Mapa High School. The success of this experiment led to other schools following suit and offering journalism as a vocational subject. The paragraph also mentions the appointment of a journalism supervisor and the evolution of journalism education over the years, including the impact of the pandemic on student publications.

15:01

🗣️ Campus Journalism as a Voice for Students

The final paragraph emphasizes the role of campus journalism as a voice for students, highlighting its importance in expressing student opinions and concerns. It touches on the various skills that student journalists develop, such as editing, writing, and proofreading. The paragraph concludes with a reaffirmation of the significance of understanding the history of campus journalism in the Philippines for fostering freedom of expression and communication skills among students.

Keywords

💡Campus Journalism

Campus Journalism refers to the practice of reporting and writing news articles by students within an educational institution. It is a vital part of student life, allowing students to express their views, report on campus events, and develop journalistic skills. In the script, campus journalism is discussed as having a rich history in the Philippines, with the first student newspapers dating back to the early 20th century, and it plays a crucial role in fostering freedom of speech and expression among students.

💡Student Publications

Student Publications are newspapers, magazines, or other forms of print or digital media produced by students, typically under the guidance of a faculty advisor. They serve as platforms for students to practice journalism, express opinions, and cover news relevant to their school community. The script highlights the evolution of student publications in the Philippines, starting with the first newspapers in the 1800s and tracing their development through the 20th century.

💡University of Santo Tomas

The University of Santo Tomas (UST) is a private research university in Manila, Philippines, and is the oldest existing university in Asia. In the context of the script, UST is mentioned as the birthplace of campus journalism in the Philippines, with the establishment of its student newspaper in 1890, marking the beginning of student journalism in the country.

💡Pulitzer Prize

The Pulitzer Prize is an award for achievements in newspaper, magazine, and online journalism, literature, and musical composition within the United States. In the script, Carlos P. Romulo, a Filipino journalist and statesman, is noted as the only Asian to win the Pulitzer Prize in journalism, highlighting the prestige and international recognition that can come from excellence in journalism.

💡High School Newspapers

High School Newspapers are student-run publications that focus on news, events, and issues relevant to high school students. They are often part of the school's extracurricular activities and provide students with opportunities to develop journalistic and communication skills. The script discusses the history of high school newspapers in the Philippines, noting that they are almost as old as the Philippine Public School System itself.

💡Extracurricular Activities

Extracurricular Activities are activities that students participate in outside of the regular academic curriculum, such as sports, clubs, and publications. These activities are meant to enrich the educational experience and develop various skills. In the script, extracurricular activities are mentioned in relation to student publications, emphasizing their role in student development and the broader educational experience.

💡Manila High School

Manila High School, now known as Araneta University, is a historic educational institution in the Philippines. The script mentions that the first Manila High School student paper was published under the editorship of Carlos P. Romulo, who later became a renowned journalist and Pulitzer Prize winner, indicating the significance of student journalism in nurturing future professionals.

💡Bureau of Education

The Bureau of Education, now known as the Department of Education, is the government agency responsible for the Philippine educational system. In the script, the Bureau of Education is mentioned as having issued regulations and guidelines for the establishment and operation of student newspapers, emphasizing the formal recognition and support for student journalism by the government.

💡World War II

World War II was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, involving many of the world's major powers. The script notes that despite the disruption caused by World War II, campus newspapers continued to be published, indicating the resilience and importance of student journalism even during times of conflict.

💡Digital Newspapers

Digital Newspapers refer to newspapers that are published and distributed online, rather than in print. The script mentions the proliferation of digital newspapers as a result of the pandemic, highlighting the adaptability and evolution of student journalism in response to changing circumstances and technological advancements.

💡Freedom of Opinion and Expression

Freedom of Opinion and Expression is a fundamental human right that allows individuals to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive, and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers. The script emphasizes the importance of campus journalism in fostering this freedom, as it provides a platform for students to express their views and engage in open dialogue.

Highlights

The first newspaper published in the Philippines was 'El Superior Gobierno' in Spanish, dating back to August 8, 1811.

Campus journalism in the Philippines began at the collegiate level with the University of Santo Tomas in 1890.

The Philippine Normal University and Ateneo de Manila followed with their own newspapers, the 'Torch' and 'The Guidon'.

Student newspapers are integral to student life, involving many student writers and requiring various technical skills.

High school student publications in the Philippines are as old as the public school system, established in 1901.

The first Manila High School student paper, under Carlos P. Romulo's editorship, was published between 1911 and 1912.

Carlos P. Romulo became a reporter at 16, a newspaper editor at 20, and an award-winning publisher at 32.

Student publications were introduced to the Philippines after their adoption in American schools and colleges.

The first regularly issued printed high school paper in the Philippines was 'La Union', published in 1923.

Many school papers are named after geographical locations or main products of the area they represent.

By 1931, there were 106 high schools in the Philippines, with 30 having registered school papers.

Circular Letter No. 34 series of 1929 set the first significant regulation for high school papers in the Philippines.

School papers should mainly consist of articles related to school activities and be free from advertisements and questionable content.

After World War II, many campus newspapers were born, showing the resilience of student journalism.

In 1952, formal classroom instruction in journalism began with Mrs. Sarah England at Mapa High School.

By the 1960s, journalism was offered as a vocational subject in several high schools.

Campus journalism serves as a voice for students, allowing them to express their opinions and concerns.

The history of campus journalism in the Philippines lays the foundation for freedom of opinion and expression.

Campus journalism has evolved with the times, including the rise of digital newspapers due to the pandemic.

Transcripts

welcome to this podcast segment of a

beautiful day to learn my name is

Abigail at samahanyoko with various

discussions on education journalism

communication language and literature

[Music]

today we will have a discussion on the

brief history of Campus journalism in

the Philippines but before that my

isango

the first newspaper published in the

Philippines as per record was a

called Del Superior covarno Spanish in

Spanish

the first issue came up on August 8

1811.

editor

it was the governor general orientina

gobernador General and during that era

Gigi

heneral I see Manuel Gonzalez de Aguilar

well there was no regular publication

date Europa

it lasted only over a period of six

months during which time there were 15

issues published the last issue appeared

on February 7 1812 still under parani

Gigi Manuel Gonzalez de Aguilar so the

history of Campus journalism really

started in the Collegiate level it began

with

USD or the University of Santo Tomas

college

or small person so maybe during that

time they were thinking of tiny people

with big voices that was in 1890 two

years after sumunod napoyo remaining

three first is the torch of the

Philippine Normal University then the

gidon of Ateneo de Manila and still from

UST the varsitymu

the school paper is really part of a

student's life

as to how many student writers are

existing how much cooperation and

technical skills were required before a

particular student received the latest

news comments feature studies literary

articles Nila

company

feature

high school student Publications are

almost as old as the Philippine Public

School System itself

a highly centralized public school

system was installed in 1901 by the

Philippine commission by the virtue of

act number 74.

the implementation of this Act created a

heavy shortage of teachers that's why

you can see on top two pictures

and these are the somersites

homicides Casino shortage non-teachers

Philippine Commission

in authorized nilaying Secretary of

Public Instruction

600 teachers from the United States of

America papuntasa Pilipinas

for instance the first Manila High

School which we now call as the Aralia

High School

it was actually under the editorship of

Carlos P romulo next starts

student paper Nan tawag is

1911 up to 1912. in memory craft a new

machine

it is a low cost duplicating machine

that works by forcing ink through a

stencil on paper

stencil Maron paper super napress

p romulo

Carlos was a reporter at the age of 16.

a newspaper editor by the age of 20 and

a publisher at 32 hashtag girls in life

and he was the only Asian to win the

Pulitzer Prize in journalism for a

series of Articles

he predicted the outbreak of World War

II

all in all romulo wrote and published 18

books dummy

student publication was introduced in

our country shortly after its wide

adoption in the American high schools

and colleges ibig Sabian Express

America and when it was fully embedded

in China spread satin it was introduced

as an extracurricular activity imagine

extracurricular back in my elementary

days Bugsy napping extracurricular Ibiza

bin meberian or extra points the makaka

add up sustaining or honor small like if

you're going to become a valedictorian

or salutatorian

widespread adoption in the United States

at Young first High School paper ipinapa

new published no 1851 however it was not

until the early 1920s that student

journalism had gained the acceptance in

the American high schools it's a

Philippine setting La Union was the

first regularly issued printed high

school paper it was published in 1923 so

sinasabe that it is considered as the

Pioneer High School newspaper young

principal known was gabino tabonar since

then other Pioneer High School papers

also came out after the other so we have

here the pampangan the litayan the

resalean the coconut the soil and the

samarinian have you noticed something

gunsamanga names and school papers NATO

first either they are named after the

geographical location or second the main

product or source of living in their

area or location in addition meron dying

The Melting Pot The Granary the Torres

torch the Cagayan student chronicler

Melting Pot does this have any concern

with witchcraft some kinda Harry Potter

and bag for your information Tarlac is

called The Melting Pot because eight

borders

Pampanga to the South wherever is to the

east Pangasinan to the north and

zambales to the West ibix

against

Melting Pot refers to a place where

different people Styles culture

Traditions are mixed

high school we consider Nueva ecija as

the largest province in their region and

also one of the highest producers of

rice greens and byproducts in the

country so young Granary Ibiza is

rice greens so another vocabs check by

1931 there were 106 high schools in our

country since then

regulatory memorandum or circular urging

high schools to publish a school paper

organized high schools

out of those 106 high schools 30 in

meron school papers are registered

Bureau of public schools by 1950 the

student papers increase too

169 by 1954 making 253 in 1975 19500 in

1986 more than 900 English and Filipino

Secondary School papers were being

published

student writers or journalists the first

significant regulation governing the

putting up of high school papers

different requirements a young circular

letter number 34 series of

1929. it was actually based on a service

manual and was issued by the Bureau of

Education

signed by director Luther

B beulie again Beauty

of education

requirements Pilipinas Baba among these

requirements were capable of teachers to

be available to supervise all the steps

of the paper's production from the

conceptualization up to the circulation

finances must be sufficient to avoid

seeking subscriptions and to prevent

Financial embarrassment to the faculty

advisor

published

School papers and lastly last

requirement there must also be a printer

or printing press available to produce a

credible paper and take note based on

that circular

Eggies or big No-No and poor Printing

and faulty English by October 22 1945

the acting executive officer John H

McBride Jr from the Department of

Instruction and information sent a

letter to all division superintendents

quoting Provisions from the service

manual stating School papers should

consist mainly of Articles related to

school activities that they should be

free from advertisements from

questionable jokes and cartoons and from

worthless poetry and proofs when it

comes to the birth of Manila City

Newspapers this would be the chronology

a while ago 1911 to 1912 the coconut

1930 tourist storage 1940 mapa set 1940

the chronicler then

this was the World War II it was

expected that everything would be shut

off everything would stop but the rest

of the campus newspapers were born after

the World War II the list of Manila High

School Publications with their Filipino

paper counterparts can be seen in the

succeeding slides

1967 list all those samples

into the wall at new Filipino version is

the Torres torch Filipino version

the chronicler and tambuli

the power angla

The Gazette antinik

the wheel chambray angulong in 1952

formal classroom instruction began ebix

and it was Mrs Sarah Hindi kudichadi but

Sarah England an American teacher of

mapa High School who experimented with

the teaching of Journalism since you

experiment was proven successful

patalo other schools the other four

existing high schools in the city

followed suit in formalizing classroom

instruction of

journalismo Abad Santos High School

competitive yarn these schools formally

offer journalism as a vocational subject

holding classes on a daily double period

throughout the school year so daily

Nasha double period double period

since then journalism has been under the

supervision of English supervisors but

the grades are considered vocational

subjects now you know Kombat NASA

curriculum number said English and

campus journalism this subject is being

entrusted to you by 1964 Mrs clahania

San Juan the department head of English

in aralu high school was appointed as

journalism supervisor so we can see that

during the 1960s starting I think

journalism supervisor or media

supervisor and from here we can say that

the rest is indeed history since Manila

is the capital of our country and

numerous schools were established due to

its population at least four to six

issues a year or one categorating period

Ang Napa published in both Elementary

and secondary schools

English medium Filipino version

though what present of course the

current time and drastic changes due to

the pandemic

but surely things will get back on track

and opportunities for digital newspapers

also proliferated the man campus

journalism serves as the voice of the

students

student journalists can act as

messengers of the student body in terms

of Campus local and National concerns

and issues it also improves the

communication skills of the students

different tasks such as editing writing

proofreading headline writing captioning

and maramipang ing forms

that's why knowing the history of Campus

journalism in our country is also vital

for it lays the foundation of our

freedom of opinion and expression once

again this is Abigail of a beautiful

deal to learn and I hope that you

learned something about the history of

Campus journalism in our country God

bless everyone

foreign

[Music]